* Samuel Johnson's London, itself an adaptation of Juvenal's Third Satire

* Sejanus's rise and fall is described in Juvenal's Satire X, named either " Wrong Desire is the Source of Suffering " or " The Vanity of Human Wishes.

What is interesting is that the word " parody " had not been used for prose before, and the definition he offers is arguably a parody of John Dryden defining " parody " in the Discourse of Satire ( the Preface to Dryden's translations of Juvenal's and Persius ' satires ).

In 1687, Shadwell attempted to answer these attacks in a version of Juvenal's 10th Satire.

Homer's Batrachomyomachia, Hymns and Epigrams, Hesiod's Works and Days, Musæus ' Hero and Leander, Juvenal's Fifth Satire.

The xenophobic speaker of Juvenal's first Satire, composed in the late 1st or early 2nd century, complains of passing the Forum's triumphal statues, " where some Egyptian Arabarch's had the nerve to set up his titles.

*** Messalina's participation in prostitution, as criticised in Juvenal's Satire VI.

At c. 695 lines of Latin hexameter, this satire is nearly twice the length of the next largest of the author's sixteen known satires ; Satire VI alone composes Book II of Juvenal's five books of satire.

However in Juvenal's Satire VI ( famously renamed ' Against Women ') he references her as one of many lascivious women.

Juvenal's Satire VI referred to the " debauchery " that prevailed there.

* Juvenal's Satires 1, 2, and 3 in Latin and English ( translation G. G. Ramsay ) at the Internet Ancient History Sourcebook

* Juvenal's first 3 " Satires " in English

* Juvenal's 16 " Satires " in Latin, at The Latin Library

Other references in classical literature include the belief that upon death the otherwise silent Mute Swan would sing beautifully-hence the phrase swan song ; as well as Juvenal's sarcastic reference to a good woman being a " rare bird, as rare on earth as a black swan ", from which we get the Latin phrase rara avis, rare bird.

* Juvenal's 16 " Satires " in Latin, at The Latin Library

* Juvenal's Satires in English verse, through Google Books

Gracchus later appears in the arena: Greater still the portent when Gracchus, clad in a tunic, played the gladiator, and fled, trident in hand, across the arena — Gracchus, a man of nobler birth than the Capitolini, or the Marcelli, or the descendants of Catulus or Paulus, or the Fabii: nobler than all the spectators in the podium ; not excepting him who gave the show at which that net was flung. Gracchus appears once again in Juvenal's eighth satire as the worst example of the noble Romans who have disgraced themselves by appearing in public spectacles and popular entertainments:

" from the egg to the apples ") which appears in Horace's Satire 1. 3.

* Juvenal Satires, 10th Satire Latin text

While in Paris, Monti devotes more and more of his time to translations from French and Latin, which today are considered to be his best works: he publishes " La Pucelle d ' Orleans " by Voltaire, soon to be followed by the " Satire " by Persio and the " Iliade " ( Iliad ) by Homer.

A Garland of Satire, Wisdom, and History: Latin Verse from Twelfth-Century France ( Carmina Houghtoniensia ).

The refrain, meaning " little bread and lame circus ", is a reference to Satire X's Latin phrase panem et circenses.

* Satire VI in Latin, at The Latin Library

Others were his ingenious Satire on False Perspective ( 1753 ); his satire on canvassing in his Election series ( 1755 – 1758 ; now in Sir John Soane's Museum ); his ridicule of the English passion for cockfighting in The Cockpit ( 1759 ); his attack on Methodism in Credulity, Superstition, and Fanaticism ( 1762 ); his political anti-war satire in The Times, plate I ( 1762 ); and his pessimistic view of all things in Tailpiece, or The Bathos ( 1764 ).

Wycherley's Drama: A Link in the Development in English Satire.

* Richard Elias, " Political Satire in Sodom ," Studies in English Literature 18 ( 1978 ) 423-438

* Satire VI in English ( translation by G. G.

* Romance Vision and Satire ; English Alliterative Poems of the Fourteenth Century ( 1912 )

" Satire, lampoon, libel, slander " in The Cambridge Companion to English Literature 1650-1740 Ed.

* The English Satire and Satirists, 1925

He has adapted into English Schiller's Don Carlos, Racine's Britannicus and Grabbe's Jest, Satire, Irony and Deeper Significance.

Juvenal, in a passage in the Satire II dealing with homosexuality, specifically mentions Otho as being vain, looking at himself in the mirror prior to going into battle, and " plaster his face with dough " in order to look good.

* L. C. Lewin, Writer of Satire Of Government Plot, Dies at 82, The New York Times, January 30, 1999

He played Grandpa Jock in John McGrath's A Satire of the Four Estaites ( 1996 ) at the Edinburgh Festival.

Many philosophical works were also created at this time, including the Dispute between a man and his Ba where an unhappy man converses with his soul, the The Satire of the Trades in which the role of the scribe is praised above all other jobs, and the magic tales supposedly told to the Old Kingdom pharaoh Khufu in the Westcar Papyrus.

In 2012, Frost presented a programme on BBC Four called " Frost on Satire ", looking at satirical works on television, such as Spitting Image.

* Art Buchwald, Barry Crimmins, Paul Krassner, Kurt Vonnegut-Beating Around the Bush: An Evening of Satire recorded on October 6, 2005 at The New York Society for Ethical Culture, 63 min., mp3 format

During Domitian's reign he was active as a delator ( informer ), while according to Pliny the Younger ( Letters, 4. 22. 4 ) his appearance as a guest at the table of the emperor Nerva enraged the more respectable guests mentioned in Juvenal, Satire 4, line 127:

From June 18, 1962 to 1987 Mironov was a permanent member of the trope at the Moscow Theatre of Satire.

Illustriertes Wochenblatt für Humor und Satire – digital version at University Library Heidelberg

* The Egyptian Satire of the Trades, or another work in that tradition referenced at

He adapted the satirical morality play A Satire of the Three Estates ( 1540 ) by David Lyndsay as a contemporary morality A Satire of the Four Estaites, which was presented by Wildcat Theatre Company at the Edinburgh International Conference Centre as part of the Edinburgh International Festival in 1996.

And now ... as they throw rocks at Vice President Nixon ... as space gets cluttered with missiles ... and as our names are carefully removed from our work in Mad pocketbooks — a feeling of beatness creeps through our satirical veins and capillaries and we think how George S. Kaufman once said, " Satire is something that closes Saturday night.