His Sabine successor Numa was pious and peaceable, and credited with numerous political and religious foundations, including the first Roman calendar ; the priesthoods of the Salii, flamens, and Vestals ; the cults of Jupiter, Mars, and Quirinus ; and the Temple of Janus, whose doors stayed open in times of war but in Numa's time remained closed.

In addition to Numa's commercial failure, a lack of radio play ( his records were removed from the BBC Radio 1 playlist ) and sales drained the fortune ( he estimated £ 4. 5 million ) Numan had amassed in the late 1970s.

According to Ovid's Metamorphoses, after Numa's death Egeria was transformed into a spring, this sort of place being a usual site of inspiration and prophecy in antiquity.

After 13 years of marriage, Tatia died, precipitating Numa's retirement to the countryside.

Pompilia's mother is variously identified as Numa's first wife Tatia or his second wife Lucretia.

His father and Sabine kinsmen, including his teacher and the father of Numa's son-in law, Marcus, along with an embassy of two senators from Rome, banded together to persuade him to accept.

According to Plutarch, Numa's first act was to disband the personal guard of 300 so-called " Celeres " ( the " Swift ") with which Romulus permanently surrounded himself.

One of Numa's first acts was the construction of a temple of Janus as an indicator of peace and war.

and remained so for all the duration of Numa's reign, a unique case in Roman history.

After Numa's death, the doors to the Temple of Janus remained open until the reign of Augustus, or so the claim went.

The Roman historians regarded the essentials of Republican religion as complete by the end of Numa's reign, and confirmed as right and lawful by the Senate and people of Rome: the sacred topography of the city, its monuments and temples, the histories of Rome's leading families, and equally important oral and ritual traditions.

However, as Titus Livius observed, this was not possible, as Pythagoras was not born until more than a century after Numa's death, and was still living in the early days of the Republic.

* Rhea Silvia, Numa's daughter and mother of Romulus and Remus.

The structure of the patrician sodalitas, made up by the two groups of the Salii Palatini, who were consecrated to Mars and whose institution was traditionally ascribed to Numa ( with headquarter on the Palatine ), and the Salii Collini or Agonales, consecrated to Quirinus and whose foundation was ascribed to Tullus Hostilius, ( with headquarter on the Quirinal ) reflects in its division the dialectic symbolic role they played in the rites of the opening and closing of the military season.

In the yearly cycle this passage is marked by the rites of the Salii, they themselves divided into two groups, one devoted to the cult of Mars ( Salii Palatini, created by Numa ) and the other of Quirinus ( Salii Collini, created by Tullus Hostilius ).

The Batavi were still mentioned in 355 during the reign of Constantius II ( 317-361 ), when their island was already dominated by the Salii, a Frankish tribe that had sought Roman protection there in 297 after having been expelled from their own country by the Saxons.

The most sacred relics from the Roman religion were transferred from their respective shrines to the Elagabalium, including the Great Mother, the fire of Vesta, the Shields of the Salii and the Palladium, so that no other god could be worshipped except in company with Elagabal.

About half of these books — Plutarch and Livy differ on their number — were thought to cover the priesthoods he had established or developed, including the flamines, pontifices, Salii, and fetiales and their rituals.

These shields were the ancilia, the sacred shields of Jupiter, which were carried each year in a procession by the Salii priests.

The most sacred relics from the Roman religion were transferred from their respective shrines to the Elagabalium, including " the emblem of the Great Mother, the fire of Vesta, the Palladium, the shields of the Salii, and all that the Romans held sacred.

After that, plebeians were accepted into the other religious colleges, and by the end of the Republic, only minor priesthoods with little political importance like the Salii, the Flamines and the Rex Sacrorum were exclusively filled by patricians.

* Toga trabea: According to Servius, there were three different kinds of trabea: one of purple only, for the gods ; another of purple and a little white, for kings ; and a third, with scarlet stripes and a purple hem, for augurs and Salii.

In ancient Roman religion, the Salii were the " leaping priests " of Mars supposed to have been introduced by King Numa Pompilius.

These Salii were also twelve in number, chosen from the patricians, and appeared to have been dedicated to the service of Quirinus.

They were called the Salii Collini, Agonales, or Agonenses.

* Tullus ' Salii Collini were dedicated to Quirinus, and were quartered on the Quirinal Hill.

Wearing the paludamentum and pointed apex of the Salii, these maidens were " hired " to assist the priests in carrying out sacrifices in the Regia.

The different Frankish tribes, such as the Salii, Ripuarii, and Chamavi, had different legal traditions, which were only lately codified, largely under Charlemagne.

The Salian Franks or Salii were a subgroup of the early Franks who originally had been living north of the limes in the area north of the Rhine.

He established the Vestal Virgins at Rome, as well as the Salii, and three flamines for Jupiter, Mars and Quirinus.

So does the legend of their foundation itself: the peace-loving king Numa instituted the Salii of Mars Gradivus, foreseeing the future wars of the Romans while the warmonger king Tullus, in a battle during a longstanding war with the Sabines, swore to found a second group of Salii should he obtain victory.

As the rites of the Salii mimic the passage from peace to war and back to peace by moving between the two poles of Mars and Quirinus in the monthly cycle of March, so they do in the ceremonies of October, the Equus October (" October Horse ") taking place on the Campus Martius the Armilustrium, purification of the arms, on the Aventine, and the Tubilustrium on the 23rd.

On the same hill lived the members of the older of two schools of the ancient Salii brotherhood of God of War Mars, which had some symbolism in common with that of the imperial palace.

" Dumezil views the two groups of Salii — one representing Mars and the other Quirinus — as a dialectic relationship showing the interdependency of the military and economic functions in Roman society.

* 1 ( Kalends ): the original New Year's Day when the sacred fire of Rome was renewed, and the Feriae Marti, the dies natalis (" birthday ") of Mars, celebrated by the dancing armed priesthood of the Salii ; also the Matronalia, in honor of Juno Lucina, Mars ' mother

He was one of the Salii priests of Mars.

The dancing priests of Mars known as the Salii may also have taken part in the ceremony.

The Salii are also given an origin in connection with Dardanus and the Samothracian Penates, or the Salius who came to Italy with Evander and in the Aeneid competed in the funeral games of Anchises.

Wissowa compares the Salii with the noble youth who dance the Lusus Troiae.

He added, “ From now on, everyone who acquired land through tradition will also disclose it in their financial disclosure .” In April 2010, Associate Justice Kathleen Salii imposed a fine of US $ 156, 400 on Remengesau, just one-eighth of the fine recommended by prosecutor Michael Copeland ; however, Copeland would go on to express his satisfaction with the sentence in media interviews.

The ritual dance of the Salii would thus be a coalescence of an rite of initiation into adulthood and war with a scapegoat ritual ( see also pharmakos ).