* Loux, M., Ockham's Theory Of Terms ( translation of book I of the Summa Logicae c-1327 ).

* Ockham's Theory of Terms: Part I of the Summa Logicae, translated and introduced by Michael J. Loux, University of Notre Dame Press, Notre Dame, IN, 1974.

William of Ockham – Sketch labelled " frater Occham iste ", from a manuscript of Ockham's Summa Logicae, 1341

* Ockham, William, Ockham on Aristotle's Physics: A Translation of Ockham's Brevis Summa Libri Physicorum ( St. Bonaventure N. Y: The Franciscan Institute, 1989 ).

Nominalists often argue for their view by claiming that nominalism can account for all the relevant phenomena, and therefore — by Ockham's razor or some sort of principle of simplicity — nominalism is preferable, since it posits fewer entities.

However, Ockham's commentary was not well received by his colleagues, or by the church authorities.

" See " Ockham's Razor and Chatton's Anti-Razor " ( 1984 ) by Armand Maurer.

* Ockham's Razor, an essay at The Galilean Library on the historical and philosophical implications by Paul Newall.

Among the many difficulties that arise in trying to apply Ockham's razor is the problem of formalizing and quantifying the " measure of simplicity " that is implied by the task of deciding which of several theories is the simplest.

One of his points is that spiritual teachers should have high standards of moral conduct and that followers of gurus should interpret the behavior of a spiritual teacher by following Ockham's razor and by using common sense, and, should not naively use mystical explanations unnecessarily to explain immoral behavior.

* Ockham's Razor: a weekly opinion piece presented by Robyn Williams ( Sundays 8: 45 )

Ockham's Razor ( 15 minute format ) followed in 1984, with Williams introducing a leading scientist or personality who then expounds from a prepared text on a topic of their choice, with a view to making a subject simple and accessible to the public, hence the title relating to the famous statement on parsimony by William of Ockham.

William of Ockham, who lived during the time of the novel, first put forward the principle known as " Ockham's Razor ": often summarised as the dictum that one should always accept as most likely the simplest explanation that accounts for all the facts ( a method used by William of Baskerville in the novel ), which William applies in a manner analogous to that in which Sherlock Holmes applies his familiar ( and arguably related ) dictum that when one has eliminated the impossible, whatever remains – however improbable – must be the truth.

Abelard's and Ockham's version of nominalism is sometimes called conceptualism, which presents itself as a middle way between nominalism and realism, asserting that there is something in common among like individuals, but that it is a concept in the mind, rather than a real entity existing independently of the mind.

This is in accord with the analytical method which has since come to be called Ockham's razor, the principle that the explanation of any phenomenon should make as few assumptions as possible.

Eventually, fearing imprisonment and possible execution, Ockham, Michael of Cesena and other Franciscan sympathizers fled Avignon on 26 May 1328, and eventually took refuge in the court of the Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV of Bavaria-who was also engaged in dispute with the papacy, and became Ockham's patron.

He turned this into a concern for ontological parsimony ; the principle says that one should not multiply entities beyond necessity – Entia non sunt multiplicanda sine necessitate – although this well-known formulation of the principle is not to be found in any of Ockham's extant writings.

Occam's razor ( also written as Ockham's razor, Latin lex parsimoniae ) is the law of parsimony, economy, or succinctness.

The term " Occam's razor " first appeared in 1852 in the works of Sir William Hamilton, 9th Baronet ( 1788 – 1856 ), centuries after Ockham's death.

William of Ockham ( c. 1285 – 1349 ) is remembered as an influential nominalist though his popular fame as a great logician rests chiefly on the maxim attributed to him and known as Ockham's razor.

Indeed, Ockham's contribution seems to be to restrict the operation of this principle in matters pertaining to miracles and God's power: so, in the Eucharist, a plurality of miracles is possible, simply because it pleases God.

Walter of Chatton was a contemporary of William of Ockham ( 1287 – 1347 ) who took exception to Occam's razor and Ockham's use of it.

c. " Ockham's razor does not say that the more simple a hypothesis, the better.

These are customarily placed under the rubric of Ockham's razor, named after the 14th century Franciscan friar William of Ockham, who is credited with many different expressions of the maxim, not all of which have yet been found among his extant works.

Ockham's razor also does not say that the simplest account is to be preferred regardless of its capacity to explain outliers, exceptions, or other phenomena in question.

This work is important in that it contains the main account of Ockham's nominalism, a position related to the Problem of universals.

* 1922 " A Numerical Interpretation of the Theory of Propositions "

Second edition, abridged to * 56, with Introduction to the Second Edition pages Xiii-xlvi, and new Appendix A (* 8 Propositions Containing Apparent Variables ) to replace * 9 Theory of Apparent Variables, and Appendix C Truth-Functions and Others.

* John M. Vickers ( 2004 ), " Ramsey on Judgment: The Theory of ' Facts and Propositions '", Dialectica 58 ( 4 ), 499.

He gave a more complete description in his 1964 publications, " A Formal Theory of Inductive Inference ," Part 1 and Part 2 in Information and Control.

Jung and the Challenge of Psychophysical Reality mundus, Part 2: A Psychophysical Theory.

American sociologist Robert K. Merton ( 1910 – 2003 ) dedicates a section of Social Theory and Social Structure ( 1949 ; revised and expanded, 1957 and 1968 ) to the study of the sociology of knowledge in Part III, titled The Sociology of Knowledge and Mass Communications.

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, Part I: Fundamental Theory and Applications

* ' Brane-Storm ' Challenges Part of Big Bang Theory

* The Theory of Functional Grammar ( Part I: The Structure of the clause ), 1989 ISBN 90-6765-432-9

* The Theory of Functional Grammar ( Part II: Complex and Derived Constructions ), 1997 ISBN 3-11-015404-8 ( pt. I ); ISBN 3-11-015403-X ( pt. I paperback ); ISBN 3-11-015406-4 ( pt.

* Ray Solomonoff, An Inductive Inference Machine, IRE Convention Record, Section on Information Theory, Part 2, pp., 56-62, 1957.

* André Bazin: Part 1, Film Style Theory in its Historical Context

* Mitchell, Bill: Deficit spending 101 – Part 1, Part 2, Part 3 ; Neo-Chartalist ( Modern Monetary Theory ) perspective on deficit spending

At the end of Part One, Durham reveals the full extent of his plan to Maria: after taking his earlier self-experiments to their logical conclusion, he became convinced of something he came to call the Dust Theory, which holds that there is no difference, even in principle, between physics and mathematics, and that all mathematically possible structures exist, among them our physics and therefore our spacetime.

* Strength of Materials, Part I, Elementary Theory and Problems, D. Van Nostrand Company, 1st Ed.

* Strength of Materials, Part II, Advanced Theory and Problems, D. Van Nostrand Company, 1st Ed.

The first appearance of the invisible hand in Smith occurs in The Theory of Moral Sentiments ( 1759 ) in Part IV, Chapter 1, where he describes a selfish landlord as being led by an invisible hand to distribute his harvest to those who work for him: " The proud and unfeeling landlord views his extensive fields, and without a thought for the wants of his brethren, in imagination consumes himself the whole harvest ... the capacity of his stomach bears no proportion to the immensity of his desires ... the rest he will be obliged to distribute among those, who prepare, in the nicest manner, that little which he himself makes use of, among those who fit up the palace in which this little is to be consumed, among those who provide and keep in order all the different baubles and trinkets which are employed in the economy of greatness ; all of whom thus derive from his luxury and caprice, that share of the necessaries of life, which they would in vain have expected from his humanity or his justice ... The rich ... are led by an invisible hand to make nearly the same distribution of the necessaries of life, which would have been made, had the earth been divided into equal portions among all its inhabitants, and thus without intending it, without knowing it, advance the interest of the society ..."

Volume 1 Part 1 The Quantum Theory of Planck, Einstein, Bohr and Sommerfeld 1900 – 1925: Its Foundation and the Rise of Its Difficulties.

" He clarified these ideas more fully in his 1964 publications, " A Formal Theory of Inductive Inference ," Part I and Part II.

" He clarified these ideas more fully in 1964 with " A Formal Theory of Inductive Inference ," Part I and Part II.

* Ray Solomonoff " A Formal Theory of Inductive Inference, Part I " Information and Control, Part I: Vol 7, No. 1, pp. 1-22, March 1964