The population of Armenia voted overwhelmingly for independence in a September 1991 referendum, followed by a presidential election in October 1991 that gave 83 % of the vote to Levon Ter-Petrosyan.

Summary of the 3 October 2010 National Congress election results

In the October 1974 general election the Liberals slipped back slightly and the Labour government won a wafer-thin majority.

In October 2000, Slobodan Milošević was forced out of office after a disputed election.

Because the government refused to consider opposition demands for an independent election commission, the three major opposition parties boycotted the October 1997 presidential election, which Biya easily won.

A new presidential election was expected to be held in October 2005.

However, this new election could not be held on time due to delay in preparation and has been postponed to October 2006 after an agreement was reached amongst the rival parties.

Apart from this, when no party has had a majority, minority governments normally have been formed with one or more opposition parties agreeing to vote for the legislation governments need to function, as the Labour government of James Callaghan formed a coalition with the Liberals in 1977 when it lost its narrow majority gained at the October 1974 election.

It was also the first full coalition in Britain since 1945, having been formed 70 years virtually to the day after the establishment of Winston Churchill's wartime coalition, although there had been the " Lib-Lab pact ", an agreement stopping short of a full coalition between the Labour and Liberal parties, from March 1977 until July 1978, when a series of by-election defeats had eroded Labour's majority of three seats which had been gained at the October 1974 election.

Also, there had been reports of intimidation from the side of the contras, with a Canadian observer mission confirming 42 people killed by the contras in " election violence " in October 1989.

A new election was held on 29 October 2006, which Kabila won with 70 % of the vote.

A presidential election was held on 15 October 2006 and November 26, 2006.

At the beginning of July, the governments of both German states decided on the schedule: elections in the GDR would be held on October 14, and a common election for the entire country on 2 December.

López Gutiérrez won easily in a manipulated election, and in October 1920 he assumed the presidency.

Previously, Atal Bihari Vajpayee had taken office in October 1999 after a general election in which a BJP-led coalition of 13 parties called the National Democratic Alliance emerged with a majority.

Relations between Indonesia and the U. S. are positive and have advanced since the election of President Yudhoyono in October 2004.

Following the ratification of the Constitution of Iraq on 15 October 2005, a general election was held on 15 December to elect the permanent 275-member Iraqi Council of Representatives.

The election set against two new parties, the Democratic Party ( founded in October 2007 by the union of the Democrats of the Left and Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy ) led by Walter Veltroni, and The People of Freedom ( federation of Forza Italia, National Alliance and other parties ) led by Silvio Berlusconi.

In October 45 BC, Caesar resigned his position as sole consul, and facilitated the election of two successors for the remainder of the year which theoretically restored the ordinary consulship, since the constitution did not recognize a single consul without a colleague.

In October 1961, his political defeat was complete at the 22nd party congress when he was excluded from election to the Central Committee.

After the referendum, Doe staged a presidential election on October 15, 1985.

On October 8, 2008, the country held its first ever multi-party presidential election.

Foot resigned days after the election and was succeeded as leader on 2 October by Neil Kinnock, who had been tipped from the outset to be Labour's choice of new leader.

Following another coup in April 1999, in which Maïnassara was killed, the MNSD-Nassara's Tandja won the October 1999 presidential election.

Douglas died suddenly after only eight months in office, on October 1, 2000, and was replaced by Pierre Charles, also of the DLP.

Suspension of the writ in Canadian history occurred famously during the October Crisis, during which the War Measures Act was invoked by the Governor General of Canada on the constitutional advice of Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, who had received a request from the Quebec Cabinet.

* French lexicographer Pierre Larousse ( October 23, 1817-January 3, 1875 )

A brief dramatic episode of Marxist-Leninist revolution took place in North America during the October Crisis in the province of Quebec in Canada, where the Marxist-Leninist and Quebec separatist Front de libération du Québec ( FLQ ) kidnapped the British Trade Commissioner in Canada, James Cross, and Quebec government minister Pierre Laporte who was later killed, it issued a manifesto condemning what it considered English Canadian imperialism in French Quebec calling for an independent, socialist Quebec.

On October 24, 1946 three Frenchmen, Jean Sauvy, Pierre Ponty and moviemaker Jean Rouch, former civil servants in the African French colonies, set out to travel the entire length of the river, as no one else seemed to have done it previously.

* 1970 – In response to the October Crisis terrorist kidnapping, Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau of Canada invokes the War Measures Act.

Joseph Philippe Pierre Yves Elliott Trudeau (; ; October 18, 1919 – September 28, 2000 ), usually known as Pierre Trudeau or Pierre Elliott Trudeau, was the 15th Prime Minister of Canada from April 20, 1968 to June 4, 1979, and again from March 3, 1980 to June 30, 1984.

Five days later, Quebec Labour Minister Pierre Laporte was also kidnapped ( and was later murdered, on October 17 ).

In 1970, radical Quebec nationalist and Marxist militants of the Front de libération du Québec ( FLQ ) kidnap the Quebec labour minister Pierre Laporte and British Trade Commissioner James Cross during the October Crisis, resulting in Laporte being killed, and the enactment of martial law in Canada under the War Measures Act, resulting in a campaign by the Canadian government which arrests suspected FLQ supporters.

* October 15 – WWII: Pierre Laval, the former premier of Vichy France, is shot to death by a firing squad for treason against France.

* October 15 – Pierre Laval, Prime Minister of France ( executed ) ( b. 1883 )

* October 9 – Pierre Mulele, Congolese revolutionary

* October 5 – Pierre de Manchicourt, Flemish composer

** October Crisis: In Montreal, Quebec, a national crisis hits Canada when Quebec Minister of Labour Pierre Laporte becomes the second statesman kidnapped by members of the FLQ terrorist group.

** October Crisis: Pierre Laporte is found murdered in south Montreal.

* October 24 – Pierre Puvis de Chavannes, French painter ( b. 1824 )

* October 21 – Pierre Augereau, Marshal of France and duc de Castiglione ( d. 1816 )

* October 4 – Pierre Paul Riquet, French engineer and canal builder ( b. c. 1640 )

* October 19 – Pierre Alechinsky, Belgian painter

* October 2 – Pierre de Bérulle, French cardinal and statesman ( b. 1575 )

* October 18 – Pierre Choderlos de Laclos, French general and author ( d. 1803 )

* October 24 – Pierre Gassendi, French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist ( b. 1592 )

The Belgian premiere took place at La Monnaie on 25 October 1900 using Ferrier's French translation with Marie Thiérry as Mimì, Léon David as Rodolfo, Eugène-Charles Badiali as Marcello, sets by Pierre Devis, Armand Lynen, and Albert Dubosq, and Philippe Flon conducting.