In 1229, Prince Danylo of Halych expelled Andrew's youngest son from his principality, while Frederick II, Duke of Austria started to attack the western borders of the kingdom in 1230.

Because the people wished a younger regent, Anton agreed to appoint his nephew Frederick Augustus Prince Co-Regent ( de: Prinz-Mitregenten ).

James, who was supportive of Frederick, and had been seeking marriage between the new Prince of Wales and the Spanish Infanta, Maria Anna of Spain, since Prince Henry's death, began to see the Spanish Match as a possible means of achieving peace in Europe.

* 1757 – Seven Years ' War: Battle of Leuthen – Frederick II of Prussia leads Prussian forces to a decisive victory over Austrian forces under Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine.

He was the eldest son of Prince John, ( who succeeded his brother Frederick Augustus II on the Saxon throne as King John in 1854 ) by his wife Amalie Auguste of Bavaria.

When the Austro-Prussian War broke out in 1866, Albert then Crown Prince ( German: Kronprinz ), took up the command of the Saxon forces opposing the Prussian Army of Prince Frederick Charles of Prussia.

On the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870 he again commanded the Saxons, who were included in the 2nd army under Prince Frederick Charles of Prussia, his old opponent.

* Marriage of the River Thames to the Rhine ( masque performed by Gray's Inn and Inner Temple lawyers on the river and in Westminster Hall in celebration of the marriage of Princess Elizabeth to Prince Frederick, Elector Palatine ) ( 1613 )

He afterwards became the confidential counsellor of Maurice, Prince of Orange, and afterwards of Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, in their conduct of the foreign affairs of the republic.

He was the eldest son of Maximilian, Prince of Saxony — younger son of the Elector Frederick Christian of Saxony — by his first wife, Caroline of Bourbon, Princess of Parma.

On 1 September the Prince Maximilian renounced his rights of succession in favor of his son Frederick Augustus, who was proclaimed Prince Co-Regent ( de: Prinz-Mitregenten ) of Saxony.

Prince Eugene's Italian manuscript had been presented to him in 1713 by John Frederick Cramer ; and was transferred to the Austrian National Library in Vienna in 1738 with the rest of his library.

Die Proklamation des Deutschen Kaiserreiches by Anton von Werner ( 1877 ), depicting the proclamation of the foundation of the German Reich ( 18 January 1871, Palace of Versailles ). Left, on the podium ( in black ): Crown Prince Frederick ( later Frederick III, German Emperor | Frederick III ), his father Emperor William I, German Emperor | William I, and Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden | Frederick I of Baden, proposing a toast to the new emperor. Centre ( in white ): Otto von Bismarck, first Chancellor of Germany, Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, Prussian Chief of Staff.

* 1688 – 1711: Philip William, Prince in Prussia, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt ( son of Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg )

* 1731 – 1771: Frederick William, Prince in Prussia, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt ( son of )

* 1771 – 1788: Frederick Henry, Prince in Prussia, Margrave of Brandenburg Schwedt ( brother of )

* 1635 – Eighty Years ' War: The Siege of Schenkenschans begins ; Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, begins the recapture of the strategically important fortress from the Spanish Army.

* 1745 – Prince Charles Edward Stuart raises his standard in Glenfinnan – the start of the Second Jacobite Rebellion, known as " the 45 ".

* 1996 – Charles, Prince of Wales and Diana, Princess of Wales divorce.

* 2005 – Wedding of Charles, Prince of Wales and Camilla Parker Bowles ; Charles, Prince of Wales marries Camilla Parker Bowles in a civil ceremony at Windsor's Guildhall.

In addition to James II himself ( who died a few months after the act received the royal assent ) and his Catholic children Prince James and Princess Louisa, the act also excluded the descendents of James ' sister Henrietta, the youngest daughter of Charles I. Henrietta's daughter Anne was then the Queen of Sardinia and a Catholic ; the Jacobite heirs of today are descended from her line.

In December 1978, there was media speculation that Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, might marry a Roman Catholic, although the rumours were never verified.

The Times reported on 6 November 1995 that Prince Charles had stated on that day to Tony Blair and Paddy Ashdown, after the funeral of Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin, that " Catholics should be able to ascend to the British throne ".

When in December 1978 there was media speculation that Prince Charles might marry a Roman Catholic, Powell defended the provision that excludes Roman Catholics from ascending the throne, claiming his objection was not rooted in religious bigotry but in political considerations.

His fellow Knights of the Garter created in 1867 were Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond, Charles Manners, 6th Duke of Rutland, Henry Somerset, 8th Duke of Beaufort, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Franz Joseph I of Austria and Alexander II of Russia.

When Austria joined the ranks of the allies during the War of the Sixth Coalition, Charles was not given a command and the post of commander-in-chief of the allied Grand Army of Bohemia went to the Prince of Schwarzenberg.

Sir Edmund Blackadder and his servant, Baldrick, are the last two men loyal to the defeated King Charles I of England ( played by Stephen Fry, portrayed as a soft-spoken, ineffective, slightly dim character, with the voice and mannerisms of Charles I's namesake, the current Prince of Wales ).

The mountain was the setting for a children's story, The Old Man of Lochnagar, told originally by Prince Charles to his younger brothers, Andrew and Edward, and published in 1980 with royalties accruing to The Prince's Trust.

Other properties on the estate include Birkhall, formerly home to Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother, and used now by Prince Charles and the Duchess of Cornwall for their summer holidays.

Charles Louis Napoléon ( 1808 – 1873 ), son of Louis Napoléon, was president of France in 1848 – 1852 and emperor in 1852 – 1870, reigning as Napoléon III ; his son, Eugène Bonaparte ( 1856 – 1879 ), styled the Prince Imperial, died fighting the Zulus in Natal, South Africa.

# Maria Paola or Marie Pauline Bonaparte ( 1780 – 1825 ), married in 1797 to French general Charles Leclerc and later married Prince Camillo Borghese.

#* Prince Napoleon Lucien Charles Murat ( 16 May 1803 – 10 April 1878 ), married Caroline Georgina Fraser ( 1810 – 1879 ).

The headship of the family is in dispute between Charles Napoléon, born 1950, great-great-grandson of Jérôme Bonaparte by his second marriage ; and his son Jean-Christophe ( born 1986 ) who was appointed heir in the will of his grandfather Prince Louis Napoléon.

The only other male member of the family is the brother of Charles, Prince Jérôme, ( born 1957 ), unmarried.

Charles also voiced Zipper the Cat in the animation Prince Cinders ( 1993 ) and Asterix in Asterix Conquers America ( 1994 ).

Charles Martel () ( 23 August 686 – 22 October 741 ), also known as Charles the Hammer, was a Frankish military and political leader, who served as Mayor of the Palace under the Merovingian kings and ruled de facto during an interregnum ( 737 – 43 ) at the end of his life, using the title Duke and Prince of the Franks.

Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine, Prince Louis of Battenberg and their four children Princess Alice of Battenberg, Louise, George and Louis. Lord Mountbatten was born as His Serene Highness Prince Louis of Battenberg, although his German styles and titles were dropped in 1917.

He was the youngest child and the second son of Prince Louis of Battenberg and his wife Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine.

His maternal grandparents were Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse, and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, who was a daughter of Queen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort.

His paternal grandparents were Prince Alexander of Hesse and Princess Julia of Battenberg.

A small group of Spaniards, mainly Catalans, were integrated in the troops of the Prince of Hesse.

* 1704 4 August – The Governor Diego de Salinas surrendered the town to Prince George of Hesse, who took it in the name of Archduke, as Charles III, king of Castile and Aragon.

A contemporary report of this noted defence says, " Encouraged by the Prince of Hesse, the garrison did more than could humanly be expected, and the English Marines gained an immortal glory ".

The Prince of Hesse joined him, thus leaving the town ( he would die one month later in the siege of Barcelona ).

* 1862 – Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, second daughter of Queen Victoria, marries Prince Louis of Hesse, the future Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse

It is situated in Holland ( then as now used by English speakers as shorthand for the Netherlands ) but by treaty is garrisoned by Prussians and 5, 000 of their troops occupy it under a Prince of Hesse.

* 1870 – Prince Friedrich of Hesse and by Rhine ( d. 1873 )

** Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse ( b. 1868 )

** Princess Alice, the second daughter of Queen Victoria, marries Prince Ludwig of Hesse and by Rhine.

Forced to relinquish the servants and the house, Dorothea depended on financial support from her father and sister, who was then first lady-in-waiting at the court of Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse.

* Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine ( 1809-1877 )

The 1851 marriage of Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine and German-Polish noblewoman Countess Julia von Hauke ( created Princess of Battenberg ), provided a sovereign prince of Bulgaria, and queen-consorts for Spain and Sweden, as well as ( through female descent ) the consort of the current Queen of the United Kingdom.

She and her children were made Counts de Torby, her younger daughter, Countess Nada ( 1896 – 1963 ) marrying, in 1916 Prince George of Battenberg, future Marquess of Milford Haven and scion of the House of Battenberg, a morganatic branch of the grandducal House of Hesse which had settled in England and inter-married with descendants of Queen Victoria.

* Princess Marie Alexandra of Baden ( 1 August 1902-29 January 1944 ); married Prince Wolfgang of Hesse, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, son of Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse-Kassel, designated King of Finland, and Princess Margaret of Prussia ; no issue.

Alexander was the second son of Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine by the latter's morganatic marriage with Countess Julia von Hauke.

Prince Alexander was a nephew of Russia's Tsar Alexander II, who had married a sister of Prince Alexander of Hesse ; his mother, a daughter of Count Moritz von Hauke, had been lady-in-waiting to the Tsaritsa.

Although on her return to Vienna in August 1862, a lady-in-waiting reported that “ she eats properly, sleeps well, and does not tight-lace anymore ”, her clothing from this time until her death still measured only 18 1 / 2 – 19 1 / 2 inches around the waist, which prompted the Prince of Hesse to describe her as “ almost inhumanly slender .” She developed a horror of fat women and transmitted this attitude to her youngest daughter, who was terrified when, as a little girl, she first met Queen Victoria.