In Hinduism, the holy book Rigveda, the oldest extant Indo-Aryan text, numerous references are made to rebirths, although it portrays reincarnation as " redeaths " ( punarmrtyu ).

The earliest surviving description of mead is in the hymns of the Rigveda, one of the sacred books of the historical Vedic religion and ( later ) Hinduism dated around 1700 – 1100 BC.

Savitr disappeared as an independent deity from the Hindu pantheon after the end of the Vedic period, but in modern Hinduism, his name occurs in the well-known Gayatri mantra ( taken from book three of the Rigveda ), which is also known as Savitri because of this.

In Hinduism, a Brahmarshi ( Sanskrit, a tatpurusha compound of and ) is a member of the highest class of Rishis (" seers " or " sages "), especially those credited with the composition of the hymns collected in the Rigveda.

The Vedas, which form the foundation of Hinduism for many, do not refer explicitly to homosexuality, but Rigveda says Vikruti Evam Prakriti ( perversity / diversity is what nature is all about, or, what seems un-natural is also natural ), which some scholars believe recognizes the cyclical constancy of homosexual / transsexual dimensions of human life, like all forms of universal diversities.

Rigveda, one of the four canonical sacred texts of Hinduism says Vikriti Evam Prakriti ( Sanskrit: व ि क ृ त िः एवम ्‌ प ् रक ृ त िः ।) ( what seems un-natural is also natural ), which some scholars believe recognises the cyclical constancy of homosexual / transsexual dimensions of human life, like all forms of universal diversities.

In India, ghee has been a symbol of purity and an offering to the gods — especially Agni, the Hindu god of fire — for more than 3000 years ; references to ghee's sacred nature appear numerous times in the Rigveda, circa 1500 – 1200 BCE.

The Indian sacred book Rigveda states that men and women are as equal as two wheels of a cart.

The Rigveda is a collection of hymns to various deities, most notably heroic Indra, Agni the sacrificial fire and messenger of the gods, and Soma, the deified sacred drink of the Indo-Iranians.

The earliest reference to the concept of a Dyaus Pitr ( Sky Father ) or a conception of Mother Earth can be found in Rigveda, one of the Hindu sacred texts, recorded around 1700-1100 B. C ..

Nuristanis are first mentioned in the Rigveda, the collection of ancient Vedic Sanskrit hymns sacred to Hindus.

In his view king Manium of Magan who, according to Poebel, was also known as Mannu, was the famed Manu, the first sacrificer in the Indian sacred text Rigveda.

In the Rigveda, Parāśara, son of Sakti-Muni ( Parāśara Śāktya ), is the seer of verses 1. 65-73 which are all in praise of Agni ( the sacred fire ), and part of 9. 97 ( v. 31-44 ) which is in praise of Soma.

The Aitareya Brahmana () is the Brahmana of the Shakala shakha of the Rigveda, an ancient Indian collection of sacred hymns.

Indian śruti texts post-dating the Rigveda ( such as the Yajurveda, the Atharvaveda and the Brahmanas ), as well as the Hebrew Tanakh and the mystical collection of poems attributed to Lao Tze, the Tao te Ching, date to the Iron Age, but their dating is difficult and controversial.

* The Atharva Veda, a collection of charms, and the Rigveda, a collection of hymns or incantations

Most notably, it is the central myth of the Rigveda, a collection of hymns surrounding the Soma rituals dedicated to Indra in the new year celebrations of the early Indo-Aryans.

The earliest text of the Vedas is the Rigveda, a collection of poetic hymns used in the sacrificial rites of Vedic priesthood.

The Khilani are a collection of 98 " apocryphal " hymns of the Rigveda, recorded in the, but not in the shakha.

The pre-Classical form of Sanskrit is known as Vedic Sanskrit, with the language of the Rigveda being the oldest and most archaic stage preserved, its oldest core dating back to as early as 1500 BCE.

The Nadistuti hymn in the Rigveda ( 10. 75 ) mentions the Sarasvati between the Yamuna in the east and the Sutlej in the west, and later Vedic texts like Tandya and Jaiminiya Brahmanas as well as the Mahabharata mention that the Sarasvati dried up in a desert.

It has been proposed that the Sarasvati of the early Rigveda corresponds to the Ghaggar-Hakra before these changes took place ( the " Old Ghaggar "), and the late Vedic end Epic Sarasvati disappearing in the desert to the Ghaggar-Hakra following the diversion of Sutlej and Yamuna.

If the name has an Indo-European etymology, it is possibly a suffixed form of a root * wel-" to turn, roll ", or of * sel-" to flow, run ".< ref > The American Heritage Dictionary, " Indo-European roots: wel < sup > ₂ </ sup >"</ ref > The latter possibility would allow comparison to the Vedic Sanskrit Saraṇyū, a character who is abducted in Rigveda 10. 17. 2.

But poets of the Rigveda forced the Maruts take the position of the Rudras to give status of a Vedic god to Rudra.

Savitr ( Sanskrit: stem, nominative singular ) is a solar deity in the Rigveda, and one of the Adityas i. e. off-spring of Vedic deity Aditi.

The Sama Veda, which is believed to have laid the foundation for Indian classical music, consists of hymns from the Rigveda, set to musical tunes which would be sung using three to seven musical notes during Vedic yajnas.

According to traditional views, the hymns of the Rigveda and other Vedic hymns were divinely revealed to the rishis, who were considered to be seers or " hearers " ( Śruti means " what is heard ") of the Veda, rather than " authors ".

Kak's writings concerning the astronomy of the Vedic period in his book The Astronomical Code of the Rigveda ( 1994 ) back " Indigenous Aryans " ideology, questioning colonial views on the Indo-Aryan migration and the nature of early Indian science.

The Astronomical Code of the Rigveda ( New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan, 1994 ; revised and enlarged edition, New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal, 2000 ) claims regularities in the organization of the Rigveda, connecting the structure to certain numbers in the astronomy-based ritual of the five-layered brick altars of the Vedic times.

Kak arranges the number of hymns in each book of the Rigveda as follows, and compares the arrangement to a Vedic fire altar:

The earliest Indian Vedic hymns, the Rigveda, dating from the late 2nd and early 1st millennia BC, make reference to the use of elephants for transport-especially Indra and his divine white elephant, Airavata-but make no reference to the use of elephants in war, focusing instead on Indra's role in leading horse cavalry.

The Gāyatrī Mantra is a highly revered mantra, based on a Vedic Sanskrit verse from a hymn of the Rigveda ( 3. 62. 10 ), attributed to the rishi ( sage ).

According to the Rigveda, the Vedic Mantras were composed by various seers who had ' seen ' ( dṛś ) them in deep concentration ( dhī ).

The story features elements of Vedic mythology ; the title itself imitates Rigveda, the name of one of the four Vedas.

# The Arrival of the Vedic People ( the Rigveda )

Vedic mythology refers to the mythological aspects of the historical Vedic religion and Vedic literature, most notably alluded to in the hymns of the Rigveda.

The earliest attested Sanskrit texts are Brahmanical texts of the Rigveda, which date to the mid-to-late second millennium BCE.

* Mitra ( Sanskrit ), a deity who appears frequently in the ancient Sanskrit text of the Rigveda.

Tracheotomy was described in the Rigveda, a Sanskrit text of ayurvedic medicine written around 2000 BC in ancient India.

It was described in the Rigveda, a Sanskrit text, circa 2000 BC.

Especially the oldest stage of the language, Rigvedic Sanskrit, the language of the hymns of the Rigveda, is preserved only in a redacted form several centuries younger than the texts ' composition.

For instance, in the Purusha sukta of the Rigveda, Purusha ( Sanskrit, प ु र ु ष " man ," or " Cosmic Man ") is sacrificed by the devas from the foundation of the world — his mind is the Moon, his eyes are the Sun, and his breath is the wind.

This may be based on the Sanskrit shloka from the Barhaspatya Samhita of the Rigveda ( ca.

This may be based on the Sanskrit shloka from the Barhaspatya Samhita of the Rigveda ( ca.

His translation of the Rigveda follows the text of Max Müller's six-volume Sanskrit edition.

Among these is * wenos-( also an s-stem ), whence Sanskrit vanas " loveliness ; desire ", used of Uṣas in the Rigveda, and the Latin name Venus and the Norse Vanir.

* Sītā ( Sanskrit for " Furrow "), a goddess of land fertility appealed to in passing in Rigveda book 4 hymn 57 line 6

He also sponsored the translation of many classics from Sanskrit to Kannada as part of the Jayachamaraja Grantha Ratna Mala, including 35 parts of the Rigveda.

The Rigveda is by far the most archaic testimony of Vedic Sanskrit.

They are late additions to the text of the Rigveda, but still belong to the " Mantra " period of Vedic Sanskrit.

There are other Sanskrit terms in the Rigveda that appear to mean " ocean " or have similar meanings.