In Europe, one of first mentions of gunpowder use appears in a passage found in Roger Bacon's Opus Maius and Opus Tertium in what has been interpreted as being firecrackers.

Several important cultural achievements were made in the decade, including publication of Roger Bacon's important scientific work Opus Majus and Thomas Aquinas ' Summa contra Gentiles.

The idea can be traced to Roger Bacon's observation that all languages are built upon a common grammar, substantially the same in all languages, even though it may undergo in them accidental variations, and the 13th century speculative grammarians who, following Bacon, postulated universal rules underlying all grammars.

The idea of a universal grammar can be traced to Roger Bacon's observation that all languages are built upon a common grammar, substantially the same in all languages, even though it may undergo accidental variations, and the 13th century speculative grammarians who, following Bacon, postulated universal rules underlying all grammars.

These four fallacies are sometimes compared to a similar list in the first part of Roger Bacon's Opus Majus which, although it was much older, had not been printed in Bacon's time.

Optic studies from Roger Bacon's De multiplicatione specierum.

Peckham also studied other fields, however ; and was guided by Robert Grosseteste and Roger Bacon's views on the value of experimental science.

A manuscript of Roger Bacon's work on optics, which influenced Peckham's own works

When referring to Kaloyan's realm and subjects, contemporary Crusader sources ( including the works of Geoffroy de Villehardouin, Henri de Valenciennes, Robert de Clari ) other contemporary sources ( like that of William de Rubruquis and Roger Bacon's " Opus Maius "), as well as the letters of the Latin Emperor Henry of Flanders ) represent Kaloyan as King of Wallachia, ruler of Wallachians and leader of Wallachian armies, and sometimes as ruler of Wallachians and Bulgarians.

* Roger Bacon's Opus Majus

* Roger Bacon's Thesaurus Chemicus

After an English gentleman by the name of philosopher Roger Bacon attempts to abduct Alice from the Japanese army himself, Yuri saves her, and starts a quest through China ( and eventually Europe ) to discover Alice's importance, Bacon's intent, the identity of the mysterious voice, and his own relevance.

* Lindberg, David C., Roger Bacon's Theory of the Rainbow: Progress or Regress ?.

His famous optical treatise, Perspectiva, which drew on the Arabic Book of Optics by Alhazen, was unique in Latin literature and helped give rise to Roger Bacon's best work.

Other examples, such as Seymour Cray ’ s overspecialized Control Data Corporation or the Medieval Church's rejection of Roger Bacon's science follow the pattern: The mode of development itself excluded solutions to problems arising from that development.

* Space Quest X: Latex Babes of Estros ( a reference to Infocom's Leather Goddesses of Phobos ): In this timeframe, Roger or his son, Roger Jr. had had an undetermined affair with Zondra of the Latex Babes, which he ended abruptly.

Recommended reference text for identification are Collins Complete British Mushrooms and Toadstools for the variety of field pictures in it and Roger Philips Mushrooms for the quality of his out of field pictures and descriptions.

reference: Carson III, Culley C., Kirby, Roger S., Goldstein, Irwin, editors, " Textbook of Erectile Dysfunction " Oxford, U. K .; Isis Medical Media, Ltd., 1999 ; Moreland, R. B.

Some historians think the term Jolly Roger is more likely a reference to the English use of ' Roger ' as a term for fornication.

The Cook ( Roger ) starts by cog on the Reeve's tale and then, after a reference to Solomon, asks for his listeners to attend while he tells of a trick that was played in his city ( Lines 1-19 ).

Following is an adaptation of the reference encryption and decryption routines in C, released into the public domain by David Wheeler and Roger Needham:

This standard C source code, adapted from the reference code released into the public domain by David Wheeler and Roger Needham, encrypts and decrypts using XTEA:

In 2009, director Paul Thomas Anderson claimed that his film Punch Drunk Love, about a shy, repressed rageaholic was " an art house Adam Sandler film ", a reference to the unlikely inclusion of " frat boy " comic Sandler in the film ; critic Roger Ebert claims that Punch Drunk Love "... may be the key to all of the Adam Sandler films, and may liberate Sandler for a new direction in his work.

"' and is a likely reference to Agatha Christie's 1926 novel The Murder of Roger Ackroyd.

A reference is made in the last episode to a novel by Agatha Christie, The Murder of Roger Ackroyd.

An animated short based on Aldridge's illustrations, but once more focusing on the Ball itself, was made in 1974, with Roger Glover writing the accompanying song Love is All, based on the song Love's All You Need mentioned in the book ( which may, in turn, have been a reference to The Beatles ' " All You Need Is Love ").

There are two streets in the neighborhood to the east of the Moreno Mall, Andretti Street and Penske Street, a reference to Mario Andretti, and Roger Penske a driver and team owner who each won multiple races at Riverside.

In The Reptile Room, she says Ackroyd, meaning Roger in reference to a novel written by Agatha Christie.

* Aside from the return of Peter Quentin, Roger Conway and Orace, this book also features the first reference to Templar's other partner, Hoppy Uniatz since The Saint Goes On ( although Uniatz is not involved in the plot ).

Another early reference to him is an indenture 15 December 1490 by which Robert Geddying, son and heir of John Geddyng, agreed with Robert Drury, esquire, for the erection of houses at Lackford, county Suffolk, Roger and William Drury being co-feoffees.

Roger Waters congratulates either a girl named Luka, or ' hunters ' ( i. e. people who deliberately look for backward messages hidden in songs ) for finding this message, and jokes that she ( or they ) can send her ( or their ) answer to " Old Pink " ( being either a comical reference to Syd Barrett, or a foreshadowing of Pink's eventual insanity ), who lives somewhere in a funny farm ( a term to describe a psychiatric hospital ) in Chalfont.

( Some genealogies have a reference to a daughter Rohese de Roumare, married to a Roger FitzReinfride.

There is, however, no reference to any children other than William in the historical records, and the wife of Roger FitzReinfride is unknown.

After the studio cart crashes, Gibson says to Homer, " I'm getting too old for this crap ," a reference to a line said by Danny Glover's character Roger Murtaugh to Gibson's character Martin Riggs in the Lethal Weapon film series.

The title is a reference to the band's 1977 " In the Flesh " tour, during which bassist and songwriter Roger Waters, in frustration, spat at a fan attempting to climb the fence separating the band from the crowd ( Waters has stated in subsequent interviews that the incident inspired the writing of The Wall ).

The Roger Waters ' song " Folded Flags " from the soundtrack to the film, When The Wind Blows, features a reference to " Hey Joe " in the lines " Hey Joe, where you goin ' with that gun in your hand?

He played on for many years, earning the nickname Roger the Dodger ( with reference to his age ) before his eventual retirement.

* 1910 – Roger MacDougall, Scottish writer ( d. 1993 )

* 1919 – Roger Lemelin, Canadian novelist and writer ( d. 1992 )

Katharine's son from her first marriage, Roger Angell, has spent decades as a fiction editor for The New Yorker and is well known as the magazine's baseball writer.

In August 2007, Todd Hollenshead stated at QuakeCon 2007 that a Return to Castle Wolfenstein movie is in development which re-teams the Silent Hill writer / producer team, Roger Avary as writer and director and Samuel Hadida as producer.

* 1992 – Roger Lemelin, Canadian novelist and television writer ( b. 1919 )

* 2010 – Roger Newman, British-born American actor and television writer ( b. 1940 )

Another contemporary writer also wrote of Rhys if Roger Turvey is correct in stating that Walter Map's piece Of the King Appollonides deals with Rhys under a pseudonym.

In Roger Ebert's review of the 2004 movie Secret Window, he stated, " A lot of people were outraged that was honored at the National Book Awards, as if a popular writer could not be taken seriously.

** Roger Zelazny, American writer ( d. 1995 )

** Roger Martin du Gard, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1958 )

* April 13 – Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy, French writer ( d. 1693 )

** Roger Crab, English Puritan political writer ( b. 1621 )

Notable members of the Industrial Workers of the World have included Lucy Parsons ; Helen Keller ; Joe Hill ; Ralph Chaplin ; Ricardo Flores Magon ; James P. Cannon ; James Connolly ; Jim Larkin ; Paul Mattick ; Big Bill Haywood ; Eugene Debs ; David Dellinger ; Elizabeth Gurley Flynn ; Sam Dolgoff, Monty Miller ; Indian Nationalist Lala Hardayal ; Frank Little ; ACLU founder Roger Nash Baldwin ; Harry Bridges, briefly, later helped form ILWU ; Minnesota Governor Floyd B. Olson ; Buddhist beat poet Gary Snyder ; Fredy Perlman ; Australian poets Harry Hooton and Lesbia Harford ; graphic artist Carlos Cortez ; artist Kevin McCoy ; counterculture icon Kenneth Rexroth ; Surrealist Franklin Rosemont ; Rosie Kane and Carolyn Leckie, former Members of the Scottish Parliament ; labor and environmental organizer Judi Bari ; folk musicians Utah Phillips, Harry McClintock, Anne Feeney, and David Rovics ; crime writer Jim Thompson ; Finnish folk music legend Hiski Salomaa ; Catholic Workers Dorothy Day and Ammon Hennacy.

* April 9 – Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy, French writer ( b. 1618 )

The film also features, as " witnesses ," interviews with the 98-year old radical educator and peace activist Scott Nearing ( 1883 – 1983 ), author Dorothy Frooks ( 1896 – 1997 ), reporter and author George Seldes ( 1890 – 1995 ), civil liberties advocate Roger Baldwin ( 1884 – 1981 ), and the American writer Henry Miller ( 1891 – 1980 ), among others.

The system was proposed by the writer Roger de Sizif in 1998 in his book La Stochocratie.

He had a close group of friends there including actor Roger Moore, writer William F. Buckley Jr. and former US Ambassador to France Evan G. Galbraith.

In his 2002 lookback, Roger Ebert noted with surprise that the film had " an instant familiarity " despite its age, and Slant writer Jaime N. Christley found the one-liners " still gut-busting after 35 years ".

* Among the Senators in the hearing committee are film producer / director Roger Corman, writer / producer William Bowers, producer Phil Feldman, and science-fiction writer Richard Matheson.

The only recurring character to appear in more than one production season was Jimmy's lawyer, Roger, played initially by Norm Macdonald, and later by NewsRadio writer Drake Sather.

Of the musical themes suggested as the Enigma, one of the most frequently proposed is the Scottish song " Auld Lang Syne ", which has been favoured by Elgar's friend Richard Powell ( husband of Dorabella ), the musicologist Roger Fiske, and the writer Eric Sams.

In the 20th century, the river and the folklore and local history of the towns along its banks were described by British travel writer Roger Pilkington.

Morrell's lovers may have included the philosopher Bertrand Russell, the writer Dorothy Bussy, the painters Augustus John, and Henry Lamb, the artist Dora Carrington, the art historian Roger Fry, and in her later years, there was even a brief affair with a gardener, Lionel Gomme, who was employed at Garsington.