* Alnus mandshurica — Russian Far East, China, Korea

The current resistance to Russian rule has its roots in the late 18th century ( 1785 – 1791 ), a period when Russia expanded into territories formerly under the dominion of Turkey and Persia ( see also the Russo-Turkish Wars and Russo-Persian War ( 1804 – 1813 )), under Mansur Ushurma — a Chechen Naqshbandi ( Sufi ) Sheikh — with wavering support from other North Caucasian tribes.

Johnson also noted: " There's two elements in the music — an American funk line and a Russian line.

In many European languages, words derived from this root take after the first meaning — English being a notable exception ( e. g. French and Dutch concurrent, German Konkurrent and Russian конкурент translate as " competitor " in English ).

The Reds — dominated by industrial and agrarian workers — were supported by the Russian Soviet Republic.

The fighting in Tampere was purely a civil war — Finn against Finn, " brother rising against brother "— as most of the Russian army had retreated to Russia in March and the German troops had yet to arrive in Finland.

The word Gulag was not often used in Russian — either officially or colloquially ; the predominant terms were the camps () and the zone (), usually singular — for the labor camp system and for the individual camps.

In 1748, Alexander Sumarokov wrote a Russian adaptation that focused on Prince Hamlet as the embodiment of an opposition to Claudius's tyranny — a treatment that would recur in Eastern European versions into the 20th century.

He learned Russian and Greek, employing a system that he used his entire life to learn languages — Schliemann claimed that it took him six weeks to learn a language and wrote his diary in the language of whatever country he happened to be in.

On March 2, 1864, the Russian authority — compelled by the uprising to compete for the loyalty of Polish peasants — officially published an enfranchisement decree in the Kingdom, along the lines of an earlier insurgent land reform proclamation.

" The New Russian Historiography and the Old — Some Considerations ," History & Memory Vol.

Campbell's dwarf hamster ( Phodopus campbelli ) is the most common — they are also sometimes called " Russian dwarfs "; however, many hamsters are from Russia, so this ambiguous name does not distinguish them from other species appropriately.

*** Species P. sungorus — Djungarian hamster or winter-white Russian dwarf hamster

* 1853 – The Russian Army crossed the Pruth river into the Danubian Principalities, Moldavia and Wallachia — providing the spark that set off the Crimean War.

The company began to make steel cannons in the 1840s — especially for the Russian, Turkish, and Prussian armies.

During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend — through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine — anarchist communism in the Free Territory of the Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921.

During the Russian Revolution, anarchists such as Nestor Makhno worked to create and defend — through the Revolutionary Insurrectionary Army of Ukraine — anarchist communism in the Free Territory of the Ukraine from 1919 before being conquered by the Bolsheviks in 1921.

In April 1917, Lenin published the April Theses, the strategy of the October Revolution, which proposed that the Russian revolution was not an isolated national event, but a fundamentally international event — the first world socialist revolution.

To feed the populaces of town and country, Lenin instituted War Communism ( 1918 – 21 ) as a necessary condition — adequate supplies of food and weapons — for fighting the Russian Civil War ( 1917 – 23 ).

* 1880 – Alexander Blok, Russian poet ( d. 1921 )

* 1880 – Alexander Blok, Russian poet ( d. 1921 )

* August 7 – Aleksandr Blok, Russian poet ( born 1880 )

* Russian Symbolist poet Alexander Blok wrote a poem entitled Ravenna ( May – June 1909 ) inspired by his Italian journey ( spring 1909 ).

* August 7 – Alexander Blok, Russian poet ( born 1880 )

Not far from Solnechnogorsk is the estate of Shakhmatovo that once belonged to a prominent Russian poet Alexander Blok ; a museum of him has been opened there.

Alexander Alexandrovich Blok (; 7 August 1921 ) was a Russian lyrical poet.

By 1921 Blok had become disillusioned with the Russian Revolution.

Several months earlier, Blok had delivered a celebrated lecture on Alexander Pushkin, the memory of whom he believed to be capable of uniting White and Soviet Russian factions.

The idealized mystical images presented in his first book helped establish Blok as a major poet of the Russian Symbolism style.

* Alexander Blok ( 1880 — 1921 ), Russian lyrical poet

Unsurprisingly, it was not until the late 19th and early 20th century that Tyutchev was rediscovered and hailed as a great poet by the Russian Symbolists such as Vladimir Solovyov, Andrey Bely and Alexander Blok.

He influenced the religious philosophy of Nicolas Berdyaev, Sergey Bulgakov, Pavel Florensky, Nikolai Lossky, Semen L. Frank, the ideas of Rudolf Steiner and the poetry and theory of Russian Symbolists, namely Andrei Belyi, Alexander Blok, Solovyov's nephew, and others.

Of the new generation, two young poets, Alexander Blok and Andrei Bely, became the most renowned of the entire Russian symbolist movement.

Alexander Blok is widely considered to be one of the leading Russian poets of the twentieth century.

He was often compared with Alexander Pushkin, and the whole Silver Age of Russian Poetry was sometimes styled the " Age of Blok.

Due to the eschatological tendency inherent in the Russian symbolist movement, many of them — including Blok, Bely, and Bryusov — accepted the Russian Revolution as the next evolutionary step in their nation's history.

Other 2007 premieres included Symphony No. 2 " Requiem for a Poet " by Hannover's NDR Radio Philharmonic, as well as A Russian Requiem ( on Russian Orthodox sacred texts and poetry by Alexander Pushkin, Gavrila Derzhavin, Mikhail Lermontov, Boris Pasternak, Osip Mandelstam, Alexander Blok, Zinaida Gippius, Anna Akhmatova, Joseph Brodsky, Viktor Sosnora and Irina Ratushinskaya ) by the Bremen Philharmonic with the Latvian National Choir and the Estonian Opera Boys Choir.

Back in Russia, Chukovsky started translating English works, notably Walt Whitman, and published several analyses of contemporary European authors, which brought him in touch with leading personalities of Russian literature and secured the friendship of Alexander Blok.

Nikolai Cherkasov, the Russian actor who has played such heroic roles as Alexander Nevsky and Ivan the Terrible, performs the lanky Don Quixote, and does so with a simple dignity that bridges the inner nobility and the surface absurdity of this poignant man.

* 1812 – Alexander Herzen, Russian writer ( d. 1870 )

* 1823 – Alexander Ostrovsky, Russian playwright ( d. 1886 )

* 1981 – Alexander Emelianenko, Russian mixed martial artist

* 1890 – Alexander F. Mozhayskiy, Russian aviation pioneer ( b. 1825 )

Russian dissident Alexander Litvinenko's 2006 murder by radiation poisoning is thought to have been carried out with polonium-210, an alpha emitter.

* 1880 – Alexander Grin, Russian author ( d. 1932 )

* 1242 – During a battle on the ice of Lake Peipus, Russian forces, led by Alexander Nevsky, rebuff an invasion attempt by the Teutonic Knights.

* 1865 – Alexander Glazunov, Russian composer ( d. 1936 )

* 1983 – Alexander Perezhogin, Russian ice hockey player

* 1915 – Alexander Scriabin, Russian composer ( b. 1872 )

* 1971 – Alexander Kravchenko, Russian poker player

Alexander Fyodorovich Kerensky (, ; – 11 June 1970 ) was a major political leader before and during the Russian Revolutions of 1917.

* 2007 – Boris Yeltsin's funeral – the first to be sanctioned by the Russian Orthodox Church for a head of state since the funeral of Emperor Alexander III in 1894.

* 1928 – Alexander Bogdanov, Russian physician and philosopher ( b. 1873 )

Ten years later, Alexander Friedmann, a Russian cosmologist and mathematician, derived the Friedmann equations from Albert Einstein's equations of general relativity, showing that the Universe might be expanding in contrast to the static Universe model advocated by Einstein at that time.

There, with the active aid of the Russian government, he at length got access to the remainder of the precious Sinaitic codex, and persuaded the monks to present it to Tsar Alexander II of Russia, at whose cost it was published in 1862 ( in four folio volumes ).

In 1999, the bicentennial year of Russian poet and writer Alexander Pushkin, Hofstadter published a verse translation of Pushkin's classic novel-in-verse Eugene Onegin.

The second immediate reason was the presence in Kabul in 1837 of a Russian agent, Captain P. Vitkevich, who was ostensibly there, as was the British agent Alexander Burnes, for commercial discussions.

* 1969 – Alexander Mogilny, Russian ice hockey player

During the last years of the Russian Empire, in the early 20th century, many authors continued to write in the gothic fiction genre, including historian and historical fiction writer Alexander Valentinovich Amfiteatrov, Leonid Nikolaievich Andreyev, who developed psychological characterization, symbolist Valery Yakovlevich Bryusov, Alexander Grin, Anton Pavlovich Chekhov and Aleksandr Ivanovich Kuprin.

Alexander obtained Mongol protection and assistance in fighting invaders from the west who, hoping to profit from the Russian collapse since the Mongol invasions, tried to grab territory and convert the Russians to Roman Catholicism.

Alternative social doctrines were elaborated by such Russian radicals as Alexander Herzen and Peter Kropotkin.