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Page "Cell wall" ¶ 31
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Sulfonated and .
Sulfonated melamine formaldehyde ( SMF ) is a polymer used as cement admixture to reduce the water content in concrete while increasing the fluidity and the workability of the mix during its handling and pouring.

polysaccharides and cell
Archaean cell walls have various compositions, and may be formed of glycoprotein S-layers, pseudopeptidoglycan, or polysaccharides.
Fungi possess cell walls made of the glucosamine polymer chitin, and algae typically possess walls made of glycoproteins and polysaccharides.
For example, endosperm cell walls in the seeds of cereal grasses, nasturtium, and other species, are rich in glucans and other polysaccharides that are readily digested by enzymes during seed germination to form simple sugars that nourish the growing embryo.
Algal cell walls contain either polysaccharides ( such as cellulose ( a glucan )) or a variety of glycoproteins ( Volvocales ) or both.
Most true fungi have a cell wall consisting largely of chitin and other polysaccharides.
This type of cell wall is composed entirely of a thick layer of polysaccharides, which may be sulfated in the case of Halococcus.
A hemicellulose is any of several heteropolymers ( matrix polysaccharides ), such as arabinoxylans, present along with cellulose in almost all plant cell walls.
When softened in water it has a sea-like odour and because of the abundant cell wall polysaccharides it will form a jelly when boiled, containing from 20 to 100 times its weight of water.
In plant cells, pectin consists of a complex set of polysaccharides ( see below ) that are present in most primary cell walls and are particularly abundant in the non-woody parts of terrestrial plants.
It is covalently linked to hemicellulose and, therefore, crosslinks different plant polysaccharides, conferring mechanical strength to the cell wall and by extension the plant as a whole.
The crosslinking of polysaccharides by lignin is an obstacle for water absorption to the cell wall.
Aminoglycosides competitively displace cell biofilm-associated Mg < sup > 2 +</ sup > and Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup > that link the polysaccharides of adjacent lipopolysaccharide molecules.
In bacterial efflux systems, certain substances that need to be extruded from the cell include surface components of the bacterial cell ( e. g. capsular polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, and teichoic acid ), proteins involved in bacterial pathogenesis ( e. g. hemolysis, heme-binding protein, and alkaline protease ), heme, hydrolytic enzymes, S-layer proteins, competence factors, toxins, antibiotics, bacteriocins, peptide antibiotics, drugs and siderophores.
While the cell walls are generally not burst, the depolymerization of the pectic polysaccharides that connect the vegetable's cells together and / or the gelatinization of starch in the vegetable can be achieved without overcooking.
Ferulic acid, together with dihydroferulic acid, is a component of lignocellulose, serving to crosslink the lignin and polysaccharides, thereby conferring rigidity to the cell walls.

polysaccharides and walls
The inclusion of additional polysaccharides in algal cells walls is used as a feature for algal taxonomy.
Cell walls are made of a variety of polysaccharides.

polysaccharides and most
Two of the most common polysaccharides are cellulose and glycogen, both consisting of repeating glucose monomers.
Many organisms can easily break down starches into glucose, however, most organisms cannot metabolize cellulose or other polysaccharides like chitin and arabinoxylans.
This technique for the creation of an effective immunogen is most often applied to bacterial polysaccharides for the prevention of invasive bacterial disease.
This peculiar enzyme is capable of catalyzing more than one reaction with the most important being the synthesis of non-reducing cyclic dextrins known as cyclodextrins starting from starch, amylose, and other polysaccharides.
These polysaccharides are synthesized from nucleotide-activated precursors, and, in most cases, all the enzymes necessary for biosynthesis, assembly, and transport of the completed polymer are encoded by genes organized in dedicated clusters within the genome of the organism.
Lipopolysaccharide is one of the most important cell-surface polysaccharides, as it plays a key structural role in outer membrane integrity, as well as being an important mediator of host-pathogen interactions.

polysaccharides and algae
Bacteria and many other microbes, including fungi and algae, often secrete polysaccharides as an evolutionary adaptation to help them adhere to surfaces and to prevent them from drying out.

polysaccharides and ;
There are three main classes of biopolymers based on the differing monomeric units used and the structure of the biopolymer formed: polynucleotides, which are long polymers composed of 13 or more nucleotide monomers ; polypeptides, which are short polymers of amino acids ; and polysaccharides, which are often linear bonded polymeric carbohydrate structures.
There is enormous structural diversity ; nearly two hundred different polysaccharides are produced by E. coli alone.
The more viscous polysaccharides extend the mouth-to-cecum transit time ; guar, tragacanth and pectin being slower than wheat bran.
One can also plot the dihedral angles in polysaccharides ( e. g. with CARP ; ) and other polymers in this fashion.

polysaccharides and those
Oxygen is also commonly present in polymer backbones, such as those of polyethylene glycol, polysaccharides ( in glycosidic bonds ), and DNA ( in phosphodiester bonds ).
A glycocalyx, literally " sugar coat ", is a network of polysaccharides that project from cellular surfaces, e. g. those of bacteria.

polysaccharides and common
S-layers are common in bacteria, where they serve as either the sole cell-wall component or an outer layer in conjunction with polysaccharides.
Though polysaccharides are also biopolymers, it is not so common to talk of ' sequencing ' a polysaccharide, for several reasons.
Phosphotungstic acid is a common negative stain for viruses, nerves, polysaccharides, and other biological tissue materials.

polysaccharides and red
Carrageenans or carrageenins ( ) are a family of linear sulfated polysaccharides that are extracted from red seaweeds.

polysaccharides and include
Some are long-chain biopolymers, and these include peptides, DNA, RNA and the polysaccharides such as starches in animals and celluloses in plants.
The other main classes are amino acids ( monomer building blocks of peptides and proteins ), carbohydrates ( which includes the polysaccharides ), the nucleic acids ( which include DNA and RNA as polymers ), and the lipids.
Examples include storage polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen, and structural polysaccharides such as cellulose and chitin.
Methods for the structure determination of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides include NMR spectroscopy and methylation analysis.
Other chemical constituents that may be important in echinacea health effects include alkylamides and polysaccharides.

polysaccharides and carrageenan
The sugar is then replaced by sugar substitutes like the sugar polyols such as glycerol, isomaltol and sorbitol or artificial sweeteners like aspartame, neotame, sucralose and acesulfame potassium mixed to thickening agents like polyvinylpyrrolidone or polysaccharides like carrageenan, xanthan gum, and cellulose ethers.

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