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* The Emperor of Jin China surrenders to the Mongols under Genghis Khan, who have besieged Beijing for a year.
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Emperor and Jin
The Jin Dynasty practitioner and advocate of acupuncture and moxibustion, Huangfu Mi ( 215-282 ), also quotes the Yellow Emperor in his Jiayi jing, c. 265.
* 1215 – Zhongdu ( now Beijing ), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu.
* 307 – Jin Huidi, Chinese Emperor of the Jin Dynasty, is poisoned and succeeded by his son Jin Huaidi.
* 1127 – Invading Jurchen soldiers from the Jin Dynasty besiege and sack Bianjing ( Kaifeng ), the capital of the Song Dynasty of China, and abduct Emperor Qinzong and others, ending the Northern Song Dynasty.
* 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin Xiaowudi, age 10, succeeds his father Jin Jianwendi as Emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Liu Bian took the Han throne as Emperor Shao, and He Jin plotted with warlord Yuan Shao to assassinate the Ten Attendants, a clique of ten eunuchs led by Zhang Rang who controlled much of the imperial court.
Emperor and China
* 1644 – The Chongzhen Emperor, the last Emperor of Ming Dynasty China, commits suicide during a peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng.
In China, the Hongwu Emperor created and refined a document he called Ancestral Injunctions ( first published in 1375, revised twice more before his death in 1398 ).
Successive dynasties in Chinese history developed bureaucratic systems that enabled the Emperor of China to directly control vast territories.
Emperor Yong-le strenuously tried to extend China's influence beyond its borders by demanding other rulers send ambassadors to China to present tribute.
In 1449 Esen Tayisi led an Oirat Mongol invasion of northern China which culminated in the capture of the Zhengtong Emperor at Tumu.
Between 1673 and 1681, the Emperor Kangxi suppressed an uprising of three generals in Southern China who had been denied hereditary rule to large fiefdoms granted by the previous emperor ; he also put down a Ming restorationist invasion from Taiwan, called the Revolt of the Three Feudatories.
Chaste widows were revered as heroes during the Ming and Qing periods, and were deemed so central to China ’ s culture and the fate of all peoples, the Yongle Emperor distributed 10, 000 copies of the Biographies of Exemplary Women ( Lienü Zhuan ) to various non-Chinese countries for their moral instruction.
Mail was introduced to China when its allies in Central Asia paid tribute to the Tang Emperor in 718 by giving him a coat of " link armour " assumed to be mail.
Chiang Kai-shek considered both the Han Chinese and all the minority peoples of China, the Five Races Under One Union, as descendants of Huangdi, the Yellow Emperor and semi mythical founder of the Chinese nation, and belonging to the Chinese Nation Zhonghua Minzu and he introduced this into Kuomintang ideology, which was propagated into the educational system of the Republic of China.
For example, in one of the Four Great Classical Novels of China, The Dream of the Red Chamber ( believed to be a semi-autobiographical account of author Cao Xueqin's own family life ), three generations of the Jia family are supported by one favorite concubine of the Emperor.
Emperor Yingzong of Song ordered Sima Guang and other scholars to begin compiling this universal history of China in 1065 and they presented it to his successor Emperor Shenzong of Song in 1084.
The oldest confirmed written mention of dominoes in China comes from the Former Events in Wulin ( i. e. the capital Hangzhou ) written by the Yuan Dynasty ( 1271 – 1368 ) author Zhou Mi ( 1232 – 1298 ), who listed " pupai " ( gambling plaques or dominoes ) as well as dice as items sold by peddlers during the reign of Emperor Xiaozong of Song ( r. 1162 – 1189 ).
Emperor and surrenders
Emperor Zeno concludes a peace treaty between the Goths and Odoacer surrenders the newly conquered territory in Gaul.
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