* In 1994, the year of the centenary of Menzies ' birth, the Menzies Research Centre was created as an independent public policy think tank associated with the Liberal Party.

* The Menzies Research Centre Ltd.

Australia – defining a model for the new millennium, London: University of London, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, Sir Robert Menzies Centre for Australian Studies, 1998.

Turnbull was Federal Treasurer of the Liberal Party and a member of the party's federal and New South Wales executives from 2002 to 2003 and was also a director of the Menzies Research Centre, the Liberal Party's research centre.

Prior to entering Parliament, Smith worked for Northumberland County Council, managed an Advice Centre in Dundee and was Constituency Assistant to North East Fife MP, Sir Menzies Campbell.

* Latham, Mark ( 2002 ), Wedge politics and the culture war in Australia, Menzies Centre for Australian Studies, King's College, University of London, London, England.

John Menzies rescued Early Learning Centre in 1985.

* Liberals: Menzies Research Centre

The accomplished and politically well-connected naturalist Archibald Menzies complained that his servant had been pressed into service during a shipboard emergency ; sailing master Joseph Whidbey had a competing claim for pay as expedition astronomer ; and Thomas Pitt, 2nd Baron Camelford, whom Vancouver had disciplined for numerous infractions and eventually sent home in disgrace, proceeded to harass him publicly and privately.

This necessarily limited his personal and political impact, especially when compared to his immediate predecessor Sir Robert Menzies, who was Prime Minister for a total of 18 years.

As Minister for Immigration ( 1949 – 1956 ), Holt was responsible for the relaxation of the White Australia policy and as Treasurer under Menzies he initiated major fiscal reforms including the establishment of the Reserve Bank of Australia and launched and guided the process to convert Australia to decimal currency.

Menzies recalled Holt from the army, appointing him Minister without Portfolio assisting the Minister for Trade and Customs, and his recall earned him the ironic nickname " Gunner Holt.

He was appointed to the prestigious portfolios of Minister for Labour and National Service ( 1949 – 1958 ; he had previously served in this portfolio 1940 – 41 ) and Minister for Immigration ( 1949 – 1956 ), by which time he was being touted in the press as a " certain successor to Menzies and a potential Prime Minister ".

Menzies ' domination of the party, and the fact that Holt's succession had been established for many years, meant that a secure second rank of leadership had not been developed.

Although all the preparatory work for the decimal changeover had been done while Menzies was Prime Minister, Holt had particular responsibility as Treasurer for currency matters, and he was centrally involved in both the decision to change and its implementation.

Support for his leadership was eroded even further by his refusal to sack the Minister for Air Peter Howson in order to defuse the scandal, fuelling criticism from within the party that Holt was " weak " and lacked Menzies ' ruthlessness.

He held the office for three weeks until the UAP elected a new leader, Robert Menzies.

Menzies is regarded highly in Prime Ministerial opinion polls and is very highly regarded in Australian society for his tenures as Prime Minister.

In late 1934 and early 1935 Menzies unsuccessfully prosecuted the Lyons government's case for the attempted exclusion from Australia of Egon Kisch, a Czech Jewish communist.

In an extraordinary personal attack in the House, Page accused Menzies of cowardice for not having enlisted in the War, and of treachery to Lyons.

In September 1939, Menzies found himself a wartime leader of a small nation of 7 million people that depended on Britain for defence against the looming threat of the Japanese Empire, with 100 million people, a very powerful military, and an aggressive foreign policy that looked south.

Labor led by John Curtin refused Menzies ' offer to form a war coalition, and also opposed using the Australian army for a European war, preferring to keep it at home to defend Australia.

The Australian historian Professor David Day has suggested that Menzies might have replaced Churchill as British Prime Minister, and that he had some support in Britain for this.

Menzies was very bitter about what he saw as this betrayal by his colleagues, and almost left politics before being persuaded to become Minister for Defence Co-ordination in the Fadden government.

With a Senate minority for the new Menzies government, Menzies introduced legislation in 1951 to ban the Communist Party, hoping that the Senate would reject it and give him a trigger for a double dissolution election, but Labor let the bill pass.

" Jupp points out that, " decline in English influences on Australian reformism and radicalism, and appropriation of the symbols of Empire by conservatives continued under the Liberal Party leadership of Sir Robert Menzies, which lasted until 1966.

In 1965, the Menzies conservative government appointed an Australian, Lord Casey, and the position has since been held only by Australians.

The transfer of power from Menzies to Holt in February 1966 was smooth and unproblematic, and at the federal election later that year the electorate overwhelmingly endorsed Holt, giving the Holt-McEwen Coalition government a 41-seat majority, the largest in Australian history at the time.

This was the period of the Country Party's greatest power, as was demonstrated in 1962 when McEwen was able to insist that Menzies sack a Liberal Minister who claimed that Britain's entry into the European Economic Community was unlikely to severely impact on the Australian economy as a whole.

Sir Robert Gordon Menzies, ( 20 December 189415 May 1978 ) was an Australian politician and the 12th Prime Minister of Australia.

In 1963 Menzies was invested as the only Australian Knight of the Order of the Thistle.

1970 Australian Broadcasting Corporation | ABC interview with Robert Menzies and Allan Fraser ( Australian politician ) | Allan Fraser, discussing their recollections of the Petrov Affair.

Menzies sent Australian troops to the Korean War.

In 1965, Menzies committed Australian troops to the Vietnam War, and also to reintroduce conscription.

To date, Menzies is the last Australian Prime Minister to leave office on his own terms.

Menzies was Prime Minister for a total of 18 years, five months and 12 days, by far the longest-serving Australian Prime Minister.

* In 1973 Menzies was awarded Japan's Order of the Rising Sun, Grand Cordon, First Class ( other Australian Prime Ministers to be awarded this honour were Edmund Barton, John McEwen, Malcolm Fraser and Gough Whitlam ).

* In 1984, the Australian Electoral Commission proclaimed at a redistribution on 14 September 1984, the Division of Menzies for representation in the Australian House of Representatives in honour of the former Prime Minister.

* R. G. Menzies Building, Australian National University Library

* The Australian federal electoral division of Menzies.

* Martin, Allan ( 2000 ), ' Sir Robert Gordon Menzies ,' in Grattan, Michelle, " Australian Prime Ministers ", New Holland Publishers, pages 174 – 205.

( 2000 ), " Menzies, Sir Robert Gordon ( Bob ) ( 18941978 )", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 15, Melbourne University Press, ( Melbourne ), pp 354 – 361.

The veteran Australian politician Billy Hughes led the party following Robert Menzies ' resignation during the World War II | Second World War.

Lyons and Fenton's opposition to the economic policies of the Scullin Labor Government had attracted the support of prominent Australian conservatives, known as " the Group ", whose number included future prime minister Robert Menzies.