* 1638 – The Scottish National Covenant is signed in Edinburgh.

Representatives of various sections of Scottish society drew up the National Covenant in 1638, objecting to the King's liturgical innovations.

A Solemn League and Covenant was entered into, guaranteeing the Scottish Church settlement and promising further reform in England.

* February 28 – The Scottish National Covenant is signed in Edinburgh.

King Charles I negotiated a " cessation " in Ireland, which allowed him to reinforce his armies with English regiments which had been sent to Ireland following the Irish Rebellion of 1641, but Parliament took an even greater step by signing the Solemn League and Covenant, sealing an alliance with the Scottish Covenanters.

He calculated that his alliance with the Scottish Presbyterian Covenanters and his signing of the Solemn League and Covenant would encourage English Presbyterians to support him against the English Independent faction which had grown in power over the last few years.

Yet, they didn't have the military might that King Charles I ( and his nobles ) had, so they solicited the help of the Scottish with the Solemn League and Covenant that promised to impose the Presbyterian religion on the Church of England.

He was a key organizer of the loans and taxes that Parliament needed, to fund its army and fight the King, and he negotiated the Solemn League and Covenant that gained the support of Scottish Presbyterians.

Between 1947 and 1950, the Scottish Covenant, a petition requesting a Scottish legislature within the UK, received over two million signatures.

The Solemn League and Covenant was an agreement between the Scottish Covenanters and the leaders of the English Parliamentarians.

The Scottish Covenants persuaded the exiled Charles II of England to agree to the terms of the Solemn League and Covenant in the Treaty of Breda ( 1650 ).

However the defeat of the Royalist and Scottish army at the Battle of Worcester in 1651 ended the relevance of the Solemn League and Covenant as the power of the Presbyterians was broken on both sides of the border.

In attempting to force the Scots to accept a new Prayer Book in 1637, Charles sparked a crisis that led to the compilation and subscription of the National Covenant in early 1638, a document which rejected all innovations in worship that had not been subject to the approval of both the Scottish Parliament and the General Assembly of the church.

He rose to become a commander of the Scottish army from 1644 to 1646 and fought for the Solemn League and Covenant, which bound both the Scottish and English parliaments together against the Royalist forces in the Three Stuart Kingdoms.

The song " General Lesley ’ s March " is said to have been sung by Scottish soldiers during the wars of the Covenant in the 1640s:

Along with a number of dissatisfied delegates to that year's SNP conference he established a Scottish Convention ( not to be confused with a 1990s of the same name to campaign for home rule for Scotland and later formed the Scottish Covenant Association.

In the 1951 he formed the Scottish Covenant Association, a non-partizan political organisation which campaigned to secure the establishment of a devolved Scottish Assembly.

Donald Cargill ( 1619 – 27 July 1681 ) was a Scottish Covenanter who worked to uphold the principles of the National Covenant of 1638 and Solemn League and Covenant of 1643 to establish and defend Presbyterianism.

Was no longer functioning by the reign of Charles I of England, when compulsory attendance at Christ's Hospital was enforced, despite continued Papal adherence by locals -- this was to be broken entirely by Parliament's alliance with the Scottish Solemn League and Covenant that invaded the village.

His Martyrs and Heroes of the Scottish Covenant appeared in 1832, and in 1856 he produced a partly autobiographical, partly fabulous, History of a Man.

The scenery of the island is rivalled in northeastern North America only by Newfoundland and Cape Breton Island tourism marketing places a heavy emphasis on its Scottish Gaelic heritage through events such as the Celtic Colours Festival, held each October, as well as promotions through the Gaelic College of Celtic Arts and Crafts.

Donald Campbell Dewar ( 21 August 1937 – 11 October 2000 ) was a Scottish politician who served as a Labour Party Member of Parliament ( MP ) in Scotland from 1966-1970, and then again from 1978 until his death in 2000.

Friction with the provincial government rose notably when, in October 1771, Allen and a company of Boys drove off a group of Scottish settlers near Rupert.

On 6 October 1854, Scottish miner James Scobie was murdered at the Eureka hotel.

James Lind FRSE FRCPE ( 4 October 1716 in Edinburgh – 13 July 1794 in Gosport ) was a Scottish physician.

John Abercrombie FRSE FRCSE FRCPE ( 12 October 1780, Aberdeen – 14 November 1844, Edinburgh ) was a Scottish physician and philosopher.

Sir Ralph Abercromby ( sometimes spelt Abercrombie ) ( 7 October 1734 – 28 March 1801 ) was a Scottish soldier and politician.

* October 20 – Stewart Petrie Scottish Actor

* October 4 – Yvonne Murray, Scottish athlete

* October 4 – John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, Scottish soldier ( b. 1678 )

* October 8 – Ewan Stewart, Scottish actor

* October 5 – Brian Connolly, Scottish musician

* October 6 – Richard Jobson, Scottish rock singer-songwriter, filmmaker, and television presenter ( Skids )

* October 2 – Emma Maree Urquhart, Scottish novelist and artist

* October 8 – James Elphinston, Scottish philologist ( b. 1721 )

* October 3 – Robert Barclay, Scottish writer ( b. c. 1648 )

* October 20 – James Edward McGrory, Scottish football player and manager ( b. 1904 )

* October 7 – Thomas Reid, Scottish philosopher ( b. 1710 )

* October 24 – James Mackintosh, Scottish publicist ( d. 1832 )

* October 4 – Robert Simson, Scottish mathematician ( d. 1768 )

* October 5 – John Glas, Scottish minister ( d. 1773 )

* October 16 – Robert Fergusson, Scottish poet ( b. 1750 )

* October 2 – William Ramsay, Scottish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1916 )

* October 29 – David Calderwood, Scottish historian ( b. 1575 )

* October 20 – Arthur Henderson, Scottish politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize ( b. 1863 )