** Timarchus, Seleucid nobleman, possibly from Miletus in Anatolia, appointed governor of Media in western Iran by the Seleucid king Antiochus IV Epiphanes and who has rebelled against his successor, Demetrius I Soter, until he is killed in a battle with Demetrius ' forces

* Demetrius I defeats and kills the rebel general Timarchus and is recognized as king of the Seleucid empire by the Roman Senate.

* The rebel Seleucid general and ruler of Media, Timarchus, who has distinguished himself by defending Media against the emergent Parthians, treats Demetrius I's violent accession to the Seleucid throne as the excuse to declare himself an independent king and extend his realm from Media into Babylonia.

His forces were however not enough for the legal Seleucid king: Demetrius defeated and killed Timarchus in 160 BC, and dethroned Ariarathes, king of Cappadocia.

Aeschines brought this suit against Timarchus to bar him from the rights of political office and his case succeeded.

Demetrius acquires his surname of Soter ( meaning Saviour ) from the Babylonians, for delivering them from the tyranny of Timarchus.

* The Parthian King, Mithradates I, seizes Media from the Seleucids following the death of Timarchus.

* Timarchus is appointed governor of Media in western Persia by Antiochus IV to deal with the growing threat from the Parthians while Timarchus ' brother, Heracleides, becomes minister of the royal finances.

Demetrius acquired his surname of Soter, or Savior, from the Babylonians, whom he delivered from the tyranny of the Median satrap, Timarchus.

Under the combined attack, Egypt lost ground in Anatolia and Phoenicia, and the city of Miletus, held by its ally, Timarchus, was seized by Antiochus II Theos.

* In the turmoil following the death of Antiochus IV, the governor of Media, Timarchus becomes the independent ruler of Media, opposing Lysias who is acting as regent for young king Antiochus V Eupator.

Along with his sister Laodice VI, the youngster Alexander was " discovered " by Heracleides, a former minister of Antiochus IV and brother of Timarchus, an usurper in Media who had been executed by the reigning king Demetrius I Soter.

He has been " discovered " by Heracleides, a former minister of Antiochus IV and brother of Timarchus, who has been executed by Demetrius I Soter in 160 BC after leading a revolt against him in Media.

Timarchus, who had distinguished himself by defending Media against the emergent Parthians, seems to have treated Demetrius ' accession as an excuse to declare himself an independent king and extend his realm into Babylonia.

Yet another example of hubris appears in Aeschines " Against Timarchus ," where the defendant, Timarchus, is accused of breaking the law of hubris by submitting himself to prostitution and anal intercourse.

However, Aeschines drags up the inappropriate past of one of Demosthenes ' associates, Timarchus and is acquitted by a narrow margin.

His dilatoriness during the second embassy ( 346 BC ) sent to ratify the terms of peace led to him being accused by Demosthenes and Timarchus on a charge of high treason.

Aeschines counterattacked by claiming that Timarchus had forfeited the right to speak before the people as a consequence of youthful debauches which had left him with the reputation of being a whore and prostituting himself to many men in the port city of Piraeus.

As part of Greek politician Aiskhines ( Aeschines )' proof that a member of the prosecution against him, Timarkhos ( Timarchus ), had prostituted himself to ( or been " kept " by ) another male while young, he attributed fellow prosecutor Demosthenes ' nickname Batalos (" arse ") to his " unmanliness and kinaidiā and frequently commented on his " unmanly and womanish temper ", even criticising his clothing: " If anyone took those dainty little coats and soft shirts off you ... and took them round for the jurors to handle, I think they'd be quite unable to say, if they hadn't been told in advance, whether they had hold of a man's clothing or a woman's.

Demetrius ' downfall may be attributed to Heracleides, a surviving brother of the defeated rebel Timarchus, who championed the cause of Alexander Balas, a boy who claimed to be a natural son of Antiochus IV Epiphanes.

* The Athenian politicians, Demosthenes and Timarchus, prepare to prosecute Aeschines for treason after he has sought to reconcile the Athenians to Macedonia's expansion into Greece.

This oration, Against Timarchus, is considered important because of the bulk of Athenian laws it cites.

Demetrius III ( died 88 BC ), called Eucaerus (" well-timed " possibly a misunderstanding of the derogative name Akairos, " the untimely one ") and Philopator, was a ruler of the Seleucid kingdom, the son of Antiochus VIII Grypus and his wife Tryphaena.

He was born in Asia Minor ( modern day Turkey ) and became an ambassador of Seleucus I of the Seleucid dynasty possibly to Chandragupta Maurya in Pataliputra, India.

After Alexander died, the region became part of territories of Antigonus Monophthalmus, and possibly Lysimachus of Thrace, after which Seleucus I Nicator, founder of the Seleucid Dynasty of Syria, took control of Pisidia.

According to other sources, this non-Spartan wife was actually a Seleucid, possibly the daughter of Seleucus I Nicator by his Persian wife Apama.

The visions describe the national crisis that occurred under Antiochus IV Epiphanes, a Seleucid king who attempted to introduce Hellenistic religious practices, including the worship of idols, into the temple and the Jewish religion more generally, sparking outrage from Biblical authors.

The Greco-Bactrian Kingdom was founded when Diodotus I, the satrap of Bactria ( and probably the surrounding provinces ) seceded from the Seleucid Empire around 250 BC.

Hanukkah marks the defeat of Seleucid Empire forces that had tried to prevent the people of Israel from practicing Judaism.

The Seleucid Empire (; from, ) was a Greek-Macedonian state that came into existence following the carve up of the empire created by Alexander the Great following his death.

Much of the eastern part of the empire was conquered by the Parthians under Mithridates I of Parthia in the mid-2nd century BC, yet the Seleucid kings continued to rule a rump state from Syria until the invasion by Armenian king Tigranes the Great and their ultimate overthrow by the Roman general Pompey.

At the battles of Thermopylae and Magnesia, Antiochus's forces were resoundingly defeated and he was compelled to make peace and sign the Treaty of Apamea in ( 188 BC ), the main clause of which saw the Seleucids agree to pay a large indemnity, retreat from Anatolia and to never again attempt to expand Seleucid territory west of the Taurus Mountains.

The Seleucid empire's geographic span, from the Aegean Sea to what is now Afghanistan and Pakistan, created a melting pot of various peoples, such as Greeks, Armenians, Persians, Medes, Assyrians, and Jews.

The Seleucid dynasty or the Seleucidae ( from, ) was a Greek Macedonian royal family, founded by Seleucus I Nicator (" the Victor "), which ruled the Seleucid Kingdom centered in the Near East and regions of the Asian part of the earlier Achaemenid Persian Empire during the Hellenistic period.

** Seleucus II Callinicus, king of the Seleucid kingdom from 246 BC

** Seleucus III, king of the Seleucid dynasty from 226 BC ( assassinated )

From around 304 BC the area formed part of the Seleucid Empire, and from around 250 BC it was the centre of a Greco-Bactrian kingdom, ruled by the descendants of Greeks who had settled there following the conquest of Alexander the Great.

In respect of time they fall in two distinct groups: one from the First Babylonian Dynasty period ( 1830-1531 BC ), the other mainly Seleucid from the last three or four centuries BC.

* 164 BC – Cleopatra Thea Euergetis (" Benefactress "), ruler of the Seleucid kingdom from 125 BC, a daughter of Ptolemy VI of Egypt and his sister / wife Cleopatra II ( d. 121 BC ) ( approximate date )

** Demetrius II Nicator, king of the Seleucid Empire from 145 BC and 129 BC ( d. 125 BC )

** Mattathias, father of Judas Maccabaeus, Jewish priest from Modi ' in, near Jerusalem, who has started and briefly led a rebellion by the Jews in Judea against the Seleucid kingdom of Syria

** Antiochus V Eupator, ruler of the Seleucid Empire, who has reigned from 164 BC ( b. c. 173 BC )

* 173 BC – Antiochus V Eupator, ruler of the Seleucid Empire from 164 BC ( d. 162 BC )

* 175 BC – Seleucus IV Philopator, king of the Seleucid dynasty, who has ruled from 187 BC ( b. c. 217 BC )

* 187 BC – Antiochus III the Great, Seleucid king of the Hellenistic Syrian Empire from 223 BC, who has rebuilt the empire in the East but failed in his attempt to challenge Roman ascendancy in Greece and Anatolia ( b. c. 241 BC )

* The Seleucid Empire comes to an end with the last two Emperors being murdered on orders from Rome.

Hellenistic cultural and artistic influences appear in many of the forms and human depictions ( from amorini to rings with the depiction of Athena and her name inscribed in Greek ), attributable to the existence of the Seleucid empire and Greco-Bactrian kingdom in the same area until around 140 BC, and the continued existence of the Indo-Greek kingdom in the northwestern Indian sub-continent until the beginning of our era.