Of the main islands in the Aegean Sea, two belong to Turkey – Bozcaada ( Tenedos ) and Gökçeada ( Imbros ); the rest belong to Greece.

* 378 – Gothic War: Battle of Adrianople – A large Roman army led by Emperor Valens is defeated by the Visigoths in present-day Turkey.

The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and genocide claims for 1915 – 1918 events made impossible relations with Azerbaijan and Turkey, thus increased an isolation of the country.

* 1903 – Fall of the Ottoman Empire: an unsuccessful uprising led by the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization against Ottoman Turkey, also known as the Ilinden – Preobrazhenie Uprising, takes place.

* 1984 – The PKK in Turkey starts a campaign of armed attacks upon the Turkish military with an attack on police and gendarmerie bases in Şemdinli and Eruh

* 1996 – President of Turkey Süleyman Demirel approved to " Law of ban For Casino in Turkey "

* 1999 – A 7. 4-magnitude earthquake strikes İzmit, Turkey, killing more than 17, 000 and injuring 44, 000.

* 1920 – The national council in Turkey denounces the government of Sultan Mehmed VI and announces a temporary constitution.

* 1920 – The Grand National Assembly of Turkey ( TBMM ) is founded in Ankara.

* 1927 – Turkey becomes the first country to celebrate Children's Day as a national holiday.

* 2007 – At least 200, 000 demonstrators in Ankara, Turkey protest against the possible candidacy of incumbent Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.

Anthemius of Tralles ( c. 474 – before 558 ; ) was a Greek professor of Geometry in Constantinople ( present-day Istanbul in Turkey ) and architect, who collaborated with Isidore of Miletus to build the church of Hagia Sophia by the order of Justinian I. Anthemius came from an educated family, one of five sons of Stephanus of Tralles, a physician.

* Antalya, Turkey – since 2009

* 1901 – New York becomes the first U. S. state to require automobile license plates. Anzac Beach – Australian and New Zealand forces invade Turkey

This incident, coupled with Stalin's demands for the restitution of the Turkish provinces of Kars, Artvin and Ardahan to the Soviet Union ( which were lost by Turkey with the Russo – Turkish War of 1877 – 1878, but were regained with the Treaty of Kars in 1921 ) was one of the main reasons why Turkey decided to give up its general principle of neutrality in foreign affairs.

The current resistance to Russian rule has its roots in the late 18th century ( 1785 – 1791 ), a period when Russia expanded into territories formerly under the dominion of Turkey and Persia ( see also the Russo-Turkish Wars and Russo-Persian War ( 1804 – 1813 )), under Mansur Ushurma — a Chechen Naqshbandi ( Sufi ) Sheikh — with wavering support from other North Caucasian tribes.

This action followed the 1958 deployment of Thor IRBMs in the UK ( Project Emily ) and Jupiter IRBMs to Italy and Turkey in 1961 – more than 100 US-built missiles having the capability to strike Moscow with nuclear warheads.

According to the dramatist Aeschylus, in the distant past they had lived in Scythia ( modern Crimea ), at the Palus Maeotis (" Lake Maeotis ", the Sea of Azov ), but later moved to Themiscyra on the River Thermodon ( the Terme river in northern Turkey ).

According to his The New York Times obituary published on April 3, 1872, Morse received respectively the decoration of the Atiq Nishan-i-Iftikhar ( English: Order of Glory ) medal on wearer's right depicted in photo of Morse with medals, set in diamonds, from the Sultan Ahmad I ibn Mustafa of Turkey ( c. 1847 ), a golden snuff box containing the Prussian gold medal for scientific merit from the King of Prussia ( 1851 ); the Great Gold Medal of Arts and Sciences from the King of Württemberg ( 1852 ); and the Great Golden Medal of Science and Arts from Emperor of Austria ( 1855 ); a cross of Chevalier in the Légion d ' honneur from the Emperor of France ; the Cross of a Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog from the King of Denmark ( 1856 ); the Cross of Knight Commander of the Order of Isabella the Catholic, from the Queen of Spain, besides being elected member of innumerable scientific and art societies in this States and other countries.

According to the terms of the Treaty of Lausanne, Turkey ceded all its claims to these two countries, which had been organized as League of Nations mandates under the governing responsibility of Britain and France, respectively.

According to the OECD / World Bank population statistics in Turkey the population growth from 1990 to 2008 was 16 million and 29 %.

According to The Economist, share prices in Turkey nearly doubled over the course of 2009.

According to travel agencies TUI AG and Thomas Cook, 11 of the 100 best hotels of the world are located in Turkey.

According to the figures released by Turkey's statistics authority ( TurkStat ) the total number of motor vehicles in Turkey reached 15. 023 million as of November 2010.

According to the Washington Post, in December 2009, after US President Barack Obama announced he would deploy 30, 000 more U. S. soldiers, and that Washington wants others to follow suit, Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan reacted with the message that Turkey would not contribute additional troops to Afghanistan.

By rapping in their native language, Islamic Force connected directly with Turkey as a country as well as their cultural background while simultaneously merging a global genre ( hip hop ) with a local culture ( Turkish traditions ) According to Diessel, “ The synthesis of Turkish musical idioms and language with hip hop was successful in appealing to a young audience.

According to the 2005 Global Sex Survey by Durex people have had on average 9 sexual partners, the most in Turkey ( 14. 5 ) and Australia ( 13. 3 ), and the least in India ( 3 ) and China ( 3. 1 ).

According to Turkish law, still in force today, he is subject to the authority of the Republic of Turkey ; however, Turkey allows the Standing Synod of Metropolitan Bishops to elect the Patriarch.

According to the BBC, this signified a boost in ties that was due in large part to Israel's rift with Turkey.

According to an ESPN Broadcast on Thanksgiving Day, 2007, Turkey is one of only three towns in the United States named Turkey.

According to Ethnologue, there are around 300. 000 Pomaks in Turkey.

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, China produced at least 60 % of the global output of cucumbers in 2005, followed at a distance by Turkey, Russia, Iran and the United States.

According to local legend in the Birecik area, the Northern Bald Ibis was one of the first birds that Noah released from the Ark as a symbol of fertility, and a lingering religious sentiment in Turkey helped the colonies there to survive long after the demise of the species in Europe.

According to The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, " the terms " bağlama " and " saz " are used somewhat interchangeably in Turkey.

According to 17th-century writer Evliya Çelebi, the cogur was first made in the city of Kütahya in western Turkey.

According to the International Organization for Migration ( IOM ), victims have increasingly been directed to Asia, Russia, Turkey, Western Europe, and the Middle East.

According to 1932 Convention between Italy and Turkey all these islets-with the exception of Rho and Strongili-were assigned to Turkey.

To Serenissimus such tribes as the Cossacks of the Don or those ex-bandits the Zaporogian Cossacks ( in whose islands along the lower Dnieper the Polish novelist Sienkiewicz would one day place With Fire And Sword ) were just elements for enforced resettlement in, say, Bessarabia, where, as `` the faithful of the Black Sea borders '', he could use their presence as bargaining points in the Czarina's territorial claims against Turkey.

It is the fourth most populous city in Turkey and equally one of the most industrialized metropolitan centers in the country.

Bursa is home to the Uludağ University, and its population attains one of the highest overall levels of education in Turkey.

Following the foundation of the Republic of Turkey, Bursa became one of the industrial centers of the country.

Founded first as the Bursa University then renamed to Uludağ University in 1982, the university has a student body of 47, 000, one of the largest in Turkey.

Bursaspor now is one of the 5 biggest clubs in Turkey along with Fenerbahçe S. K., Galatasaray SK, Beşiktaş J. K. and Trabzonspor.

By one estimate, it has the fourth highest gross national income at purchasing power parity in Africa, giving it a standard of living around that of Mexico and Turkey.

It — along with the Dardanelles — is one of two straits in Turkey.

He remains one of the most popular public figures of Turkey.

Asaf Savaş Akat, a famous economist in Turkey, played saxophone, and guitarist Ender Enön made his own guitar because it was difficult to find a real one on the market in those years.

In a meeting with congressional leaders, the argument of " apples in a barrel infected by one rotten one " was used to convince them of the significance in supporting Greece and Turkey.

In 1974, following a coup sponsored by the Greek military junta of 1967-1974 and executed by the Cypriot National Guard the invasion of troops from Turkey ( citing its authority as one of the three guarantor powers established by the Constitution ), the Turkish Cypriots formally set up their own institutions with a popularly-elected separatist president and a Prime Minister, responsible to the National Assembly, exercising joint executive powers.

It can be noted that the census enumeration takes place on one single day in Turkey ( in other countries it takes 1 – 2 weeks ).

The longest earthquake ruptures on strike-slip faults, like the San Andreas Fault ( 1857, 1906 ), the North Anatolian Fault in Turkey ( 1939 ) and the Denali Fault in Alaska ( 2002 ), are about half to one third as long as the lengths along subducting plate margins, and those along normal faults are even shorter.

* 1999 – Across Europe, Kurdish rebels take over embassies and hold hostages after Turkey arrests one of their rebel leaders, Abdullah Öcalan.

A significant 300, 000 strong Greek community in Istanbul and a 100, 000 Muslim one in Western Thrace were excluded from the transfer, with each one supposed to be working as counter-weights to any anti-minority policy that either Turkey or Greece may sought to apply in the future.

It described how the National Intelligence Organization of Turkey ( MIT ) had formed two teams: one which carried out bombings at tourist sites on Crete and other parts of Greece and another which was responsible for starting the wildfires.

İskender kebab is one of the most famous meat foods of northwestern Turkey and takes its name from its inventor, İskender Efendi ( İskender meaning ' Alexander '), who lived in Bursa in the late 19th century.

In 2005, UNESCO proclaimed the " The Mevlevi Sama Ceremony " of Turkey as one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.

As part of the fierce diplomatic competition in Ankara in the spring and summer of 1939 between von Papen on the one hand, and on the other the French Ambassador, René Massigli, and the British Ambassador, Sir Hughe Knatchbull-Hugessen, to win the allegiance of Turkey to either the Axis or the Allies, Ribbentrop suffered a major reversal in July 1939 when Massigli was able to arrange for major French arms shipments to Turkey on credit, to replace the weapons the Germans refused to deliver to the Turks.