* Andrew Wilson ( academic ) ( born 1950 ), Unificationist educator

Encountering it in Weatherhead's The Christian Agnostic, Unificationist theologian Young Oon Kim adopted it as the best explanation of the birth of Jesus in her work Unification Theology, a standard textbook of the church.

The function of Apollo as a " healer " is connected with Paean ( Παιών-Παιήων ), the physician of the Gods in the Iliad, who seems to come from a more primitive religion.

In philosophy, religion, mythology, and fiction, the afterlife ( also referred to as life after death, or Hereafter ) is the concept of a realm, or the realm itself ( whether physical or transcendental ), in which an essential part of an individual's identity or consciousness continues to reside after the death of the body in the individual's lifetime.

In 1914, on the eve of the First World War, Carnegie founded the Church Peace Union ( CPU ), a group of leaders in religion, academia, and politics.

In the Bahá ' í religion God is often referred to by titles and attributes ( for example, the All-Powerful, or the All-Loving ), and there is a substantial emphasis on monotheism ; such doctrines as the Trinity are seen as compromising, if not contradicting, the Bahá ' í view that God is single and has no equal.

The governments may be based on heredity, religion, military power, work projects ( such as canal building ), food distribution, land ownership, agriculture, commerce, manufacturing, finance, or a combination of those.

During this period, archaeological evidence points to an increase in literacy and a partial shift away from the faith placed in Shangdi ( the Supreme Being in traditional Chinese religion ), with ancestor worship becoming commonplace and a more worldly orientation coming to the fore.

Among the reasons given by those who oppose the use of Common Era notation is that it is selective as other aspects of the Western calendar have origins in various belief systems ( e. g., January is named for Janus ), Style guides for academic texts on religion generally prefer BCE / CE to BC / AD.

* In Japan the calendar is referred to as ( 西暦, seireki ), literally meaning as it is written, " west calendar ," and sounding like, " Western calendar ," which carries no religious connotation, aside from the fact that Christianity is a Western religion.

While members of the Christian Science church claim their religion is based in, reconcilable with, and part of Christianity ( being based on the teachings of Jesus ), there are orthodox Christian theologians and others who disagree.

Although Christians generally believe their religion to be very inclusive ( since not only Jews but all gentiles can be Christian ), Jews see Christianity as highly exclusive, because some denominations view non-Christians ( such as Jews and Pagans ) as having an incomplete or imperfect relationship with God, and therefore excluded from grace, salvation, heaven, or eternal life.

Judaism does not believe in the Christian concept of hell but does have a punishment stage in the afterlife ( i. e. Gehenna, the New Testament word translated as hell ) as well as a Heaven ( Gan Eden ), but the religion does not intend it as a focus.

Except for a man of religion ( wadaad ), and they were few in number, all Somali males were considered potential warriors.

Mesnager ( 1717 ), in which he impersonates Nicolas Mesnager, the French plenipotentiary who negotiated the Treaty of Utrecht ( 1713 ) and A Continuation of the Letters Writ by a Turkish Spy ( 1718 ), a satire on European politics and religion, professedly written by a Muslim in Paris.

After signing a letter of submission and promising never to write anything prejudicial against the religion again ( with the result that his most controversial works were henceforth published only after his death ), Diderot was released from the dungeons of the Vincennes fortress after three months.

Discordianism is a religion and parody religion based on the worship of Eris ( also known as Discordia ), the Greco-Roman goddess of chaos.

The Diocletianic Persecution ( 303 – 11 ), the Empire's last, largest, and bloodiest official persecution of Christianity, did not destroy the Empire's Christian community ; indeed, after 324 Christianity became the empire's preferred religion under its first Christian emperor, Constantine.

Although the worship of images would eventually fall out of favour ( and be replaced by the iconoclastic fire temples ), the lasting legacy of the Achaemenids was a vast, complex hierarchy of Yazatas ( modern Zoroastrianism's Angels ) that were now not just evident in the religion, but firmly established, not least because the divinities received dedications in the Zoroastrian calendar, thus ensuring that they were frequently invoked.

* Economy ( religion ), a bishop's discretionary power to relax rules

The bulk of the Britannica is devoted to geography ( 26 % of the Macropædia ), biography ( 14 %), biology and medicine ( 11 %), literature ( 7 %), physics and astronomy ( 6 %), religion ( 5 %), art ( 4 %), Western philosophy ( 4 %), and law ( 3 %).

Enlil ( nlin ), ( EN = Lord + LÍL = Storm, " Lord ( of the ) Storm ") was the name of a chief deity listed and written about in Sumerian religion, and later in Akkadian, Hittite, Canaanite and other Mesopotamian clay and stone tablets.

* Sociological classifications of religious movements, Ecclesia ( sociology of religion ), in the typology of religion, a religion less pervasive in a society than a church but more so than a sect

Ironically, although the ID tags include religion as a way of ensuring that religious needs will be met, some personnel have them reissued without religious affiliation listed — or keep two sets, one with the designation and one without — out of fear that identification as a member of a particular religion could increase the danger to their welfare or their lives if they fell into enemy hands.

" In an unmailed answer to a questionnaire, Gödel described his religion as " baptized Lutheran ( but not member of any religious congregation ).

Biographer Philip Heselton suggested that through the nudist scene Gardner may have also met Dion Byngham ( 1896 – 1990 ), a senior member of the Order of Woodcraft Chivalry who propounded a Contemporary Pagan religion known as Dionysianism.

A Sikh ( or ;, ) is a follower of Sikhism, a religion that originated in the 15th century in the Punjab region of South Asia or a member of the Sikh people.

The United Nations Charter " reaffirmed faith in fundamental human rights, and dignity and worth of the human person " and committed all member states to promote " universal respect for, and observance of, human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion ".

Civil rights include the ensuring of peoples ' physical and mental integrity, life and safety ; protection from discrimination on grounds such as physical or mental disability, gender, religion, race, national origin, age, status as a member of the uniformed services, sexual orientation, or gender identity ; and individual rights such as privacy, the freedoms of thought and conscience, speech and expression, religion, the press, and movement.

In Old Norse, ( or, plural ; feminine, plural ) is the term denoting a member of the principal pantheon in the indigenous European religion known as Norse paganism.

A refugee is a person who is outside their country of origin or habitual residence because they have suffered persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or because they are a member of a persecuted ' social group '.

Judaism does not have clergy as such, although according to the Torah there is a tribe of priests known as the Kohanim who were leaders of the religion up to the destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem in 70AD when most Sadducees were wiped out ; each member of the tribe, a Kohen had priestly duties, many of which centered around the sacrificial duties, atonement and blessings of the Israelite nation.

The fourteen member full-time Harvard faculty included Louis Agassiz and Asa Gray ( sciences ), Cornelius Conway Felton ( classics ), James Walker ( religion and philosophy ), and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow ( belles lettres ).

In cases where a group or religion is state-sanctioned, a key power, or in the majority ( Singapore ), a shunned former member may face severe social, political, and / or financial costs.

Robin Richardson, an original member of the Commission on British Muslims and Islamophobia, at a 2009 symposium on " Islamophobia and Religious Discrimination ", said that " the disadvantages of the term Islamophobia are significant " on seven different grounds, including that it implies it is merely a " severe mental illness " affecting " only a tiny minority of people "; that use of the term makes those to whom it is applied " defensive and defiant " and absolves the user of " the responsibility of trying to understand them " or trying to change their views ; that it implies that hostility to Muslims is divorced from factors such as skin color, immigrant status, fear of fundamentalism, or political or economic conflicts ; that it conflates prejudice against Muslims in one's own country with dislike of Muslims in countries with which the West is in conflict ; that it fails to distinguish between people who are against all religion from people who dislike Islam specifically ; and that the actual issue being described is hostility to Muslims, " an ethno-religious identity within European countries ", rather than hostility to Islam.

At around this time, Asger Jorn, a ' pataphysician and member of the Situationist International, referred to ' pataphysics as a new religion.

List of pen names and self-awarded titles provided by Kerry himself on the role of Pope of the Discordian Society in an affidavit to the California School Employees Association ( CSEA ), on a legal case concerning a member of the society that refused to join the CSEA alleging that the Discordian religion forbade him from doing so:

Passing as a member of a different religion or as religious at all is not uncommon among minority religious communities.

Lobsang Yeshe, recognised as the fifth Panchen Lama by the fifth Dalai Lama Lozang Gyatso, was a member of the Dru family, an important family of the Bon religion.

As a strict Presbyterian by religion, and a member of the opposition in politics, he became a prominent supporter of the cause of Parliament when the Civil War broke out in 1642.

Although he was not a member of the committee, on 16 May Norfolk presented six conservative articles of religion to Parliament for consideration.

Tyndall, however, was a member of a club that vocally supported Darwin's theory of evolution and sought to strengthen the barrier, or separation, between religion and science.

In the Ipswich witchcraft trial, a member of the Christian Science religion was accused of using his mental powers to harm others, including a spinster living in the town.

He attended Duke University, where he studied Russian, religion, and literature and was a member of Lambda Chi Alpha fraternity.

He is also a critic of religion and is an advisory board member of Project Reason, a foundation to promote scientific knowledge and secular values within society.