* Vibhuti – smearing holy ash on oneself,

Vibhuti is the sacred ash used in religious worship in Hinduism.

According to Hindu mythology Vibhuti or Bhasma is said to be favorite to Lord Shiva and that's why He is often called Vibhuti Bhushan ( the one having ash as his ornament ).

Vibhuti ( Sanskrit: ; Kannada: ವ ಿ ಭ ೂ ತ ಿ / Vibhooti ; Tamil: த ி ர ு ந ீ ற ு / Thiruneeru ) is a word that has several meanings in Hinduism.

The town of Gaya, in about 1810 AD, consisted of two parts: one the residence of the priests, which properly was called Gaya ; and the other the residence of lawyers and tradesmen, which was originally called Elahabad, but later on, as developed by a renowned collector “ Saheb ”- Mr. Thomas Law, it was called Sahebgunj. It is the birthplace of eminent nationalist Bihar Vibhuti Dr Anugrah Narain Sinha ; Bihar's first deputy Chief Minister cum Finance Minister. The last great ruler of Magadha was maharaja of Tekari.

Vibhuti ( variant Vibhute ) is used as surname in northern parts of Indian subcontinent, mostly by members of the Agrahari community and also this is a common name in Bangla-spoken part of India.

In Hinduism, sacred ashes or Vibhuti are used to smear, anoint or mark devotees.

Dried leaves and wood ash are applied to the furrows at fortnightly intervals and cow dung slurry is sprinkled.

In Mongolia, however, a divinatory ritual exists in which scapulimancy and spodomancy are combined: A smooth layer of ashes is spread on the shoulder blade of a cow, sheep, or ox, and a lama is divinely inspired to make calculations in the ash which indicate answers to questions or the future.

This thin layer of skin in cleaned and purified by members of a community named ' chakliar ' This skin is stuck on to the rings with a paste made from a special kind of boiled rice mixed with ash obtained by burning dried cow dung.

One of the incidents which led to the creation of the Basel Convention was the Khian Sea waste disposal incident, in which a ship carrying incinerator ash from the city of Philadelphia in the United States after having dumped half of its load on a beach in Haiti, was forced away where it sailed for many months, changing its name several times.

The most familiar type of glass, used for centuries in windows and drinking vessels, is soda-lime glass, composed of about 75 % silica ( SiO < sub > 2 </ sub >) plus sodium oxide Na < sub > 2 </ sub > O from soda ash, lime CaO, and several minor additives.

Spruce-fir forests characterized by Englemann spruce, blue spruce, Douglas fir, white fir, aspen, and mountain ash, along with several species of perennial grasses, groundsels, yarrow, cinquefoil, lupines, sedges, and asters, grow in this sub-alpine climate.

Such bonfires may be quite small but are often designed to burn slowly for several days so that wet and green material may be reduced to ash by frequently turning the unburnt material into the centre.

s part of the campaign against the emerald ash borer ( EAB ), American scientists in conjunction with the Chinese Academy of Forestry searched since 2003 for its natural enemies in the wild leading to the discovery of several parasitoid wasps, namely Tetrastichus planipennisi, a gregarious larval endoparasitoid, Oobius agrili, a solitary, parthenogenic egg parasitoid, and Spathius agrili, a gregarious larval ectoparasitoid.

The eruptions occurred in two episodes, 10-50 yrs apart, and are thought to have lasted for several years during the later shield forming episode The first episode erupted most of the volcanic ash that mantles Motutapu Island next door, and also produced the lower, northern, scoria cone.

The eruptions continued unabated for several days, burying over 15 square kilometers with rocks, lava and ash.

The strips are then rinsed several times in clean water to rinse off the soda ash.

The ash has several symbolic meanings:

In October 1999, the volcano erupted and covered the city with several inches of ash.

A similar eruption took place for several months in 1926 and between July and December 1940, resulting in the ash being deposited as far as Loliondo, which is 100 kilometres away.

The eruption in Eyjafjallajökull ( glacier of Eyjafjöll ) in 2010 was notable because the volcanic ash plume disrupted air travel in northern Europe for several weeks ; however, Eyjafjallajökull is a minor volcano in Icelandic terms.

Sports facilities in Strathaven include an indoor swimming pool and gym, three grass football pitches, two ash football pitches, four tennis courts, two rugby pitches and several badminton courts in church and primary school halls.

On Saturday July 12, 2008, Omkok Volcano on Mount Okmok, located on Umnak, erupted for several days, through a fresh vent sending wet, ash and gas-rich plume that reached an altitude of in the air and forcing the evacuation of Fort Glenn, a private cattle ranch located on the island.

The 1817 eruption deposited several feet of ash and " scoria " rock debris on the northeastern caldera rim, with ash falling on Unalaska Island.

On July 2, 2005, the tip of the whaleback feature broke off, causing a rockfall that sent ash and dust several hundred meters into the air.

Unlike ordinary people who can use magic less than a hundred times and several of his classmates, who can use magic several thousand times, Kazuki can only use his magic eight times before he turns to ash.

One unusual aspect of several eruptions has been the emission of ash from the top of the cone, while lava erupts from fractures at the base.

As part of the campaign against the emerald ash borer ( EAB ), American scientists in conjunction with the Chinese Academy of Forestry searched since 2003 for its natural enemies in the wild leading to the discovery of several parasitoid wasps, namely Tetrastichus planipennisi, a gregarious larval endoparasitoid, Oobius agrili, a solitary, parthenogenic egg parasitoid, and Spathius agrili, a gregarious larval ectoparasitoid.

Indeed, the earliest proto-pottery was White Ware Vessels, made from lime and gray ash, built up around baskets before firing, for several centuries around 7000 BC at sites such as Tell Neba ' a Faour ( Beqaa Valley ).

Ferzaneer from his visit on August 11 shows no eruptive " foci " from Rakata or its slopes ( although there are several from the southern part of Danan ), but he was not able to investigate the southern or western parts of the island due to the ash cloud blowing in that direction.

During the latest eruption in 2011, Indonesia closed a domestic airport near the volcano for several days following ash emissions that reached 2, 000 meters into the atmosphere.

The cement, commonly Portland cement, and other cementitious materials such as fly ash and slag cement, serve as a binder for the aggregate.

Portland pozzolan cement includes fly ash cement, since fly ash is a pozzolan, but also includes cements made from other natural or artificial pozzolans.

Alternatively, domino sets have been made from many different natural materials: stone ( e. g., marble, granite or soapstone ); other hardwoods ( e. g., ash, oak, redwood and cedar ); metals ( e. g., brass or pewter ); ceramic clay, or even frosted glass or crystal.

This hole, which is classified by geologists as either a " piping feature " or " piping pseudokarst ", was deep, and apparently was created by fluid from a sewer eroding uncemented volcanic ash and other pyroclastic deposits underlying Guatemala City.

The soil here is poor ; Honduras lacks the rich volcanic ash found in other Central American countries.

The preferred material to make the longbow was yew, although ash, elm and other woods were also used.

It contains X11, emacs, vi, cc, gcc, perl, python, ash, bash, zsh, ftp, ssh, telnet, pine, and over 400 other common Unix utility programs.

These generally involve pre-coating the chamber with any of a variety of substances, or by gently smoking a new pipe to build up a cake ( a mixture of ash, unburned tobacco, oils, sugars, and other residue ) on the walls.

A soft or bristle pipe cleaner, which may be moistened with strong spirits is then run through the airways of the stem and shank to remove any moisture, ash, and other residue before the pipe is allowed to dry.

In chapter 16, Gangleri asks " what other particularly notable things are there to tell about the ash?

As with most other volcanoes in the Cascade Range, Mount St. Helens is a large eruptive cone consisting of lava rock interlayered with ash, pumice, and other deposits.

Weather satellite images helped in monitoring the volcanic ash cloud from Mount St. Helens and activity from other volcanoes such as Mount Etna.

" Several notable archaeological sites contain dwellings and other evidence of daily life 1400 years ago ; these were found preserved beneath 6 m ( 20 ft ) of volcanic ash.

The following table shows some typical examples of how protein and ash content relate to each other in wheat flour:

Concretes with stones are more thermally conductive than concretes with ash, perlite, fibers, and other insulating aggregates.

Usually faced with hardwood, including ash, oak, red oak, birch, maple, mahogany, Philippine mahogany ( often called lauan ), rose wood, teak and a large number of other hardwoods.

It is as free from ash, sulfur, and other impurities as possible.

Natron's detergent properties are now commercially supplied by soda ash, the mixture's chief compound ingredient, along with other chemicals.

By 3000 BC other deciduous trees grew such as hickory, cherry, walnut, beech, butternut, chestnut, ash and elm.

Natural vegetation is mostly prairie, but stream valleys often have fine forests of cottonwood, oak, elm, ash, pecan, sycamore, and other species.

Often present are fragmented fish and animal bones, carbonized shell, charcoal, ash, and other waste products, all embedded in a sequence of soil that has been deposited atop the hearth.

* For other trees named mountain ash, see Mountain ash