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Page "Anthropology" ¶ 51
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. and R
As our radius of penetration, R, increases, the area of new knowledge increases by Af, and the total of human knowledge becomes measured in terms of Af.
For United States expenditures under subsections ( A ), ( B ), ( D ), ( E ), ( F ), ( H ) through ( R ) of Section 104 of the Act or under any of such subsections, the rupee equivalent of $200 million.
Companies of all types have made great advances in production capabilities and efficiencies -- in modern equipment and new processes, enlarged R & D facilities, faster new product development.
M & R Dietetic Laboratories, Inc., Columbus, gives all its workers a facsimile checkbook -- each check showing the amount the company spends on a particular fringe.
Many companies have systems, particularly in R & D, which work more or less well, depending upon size and actual belief in the policy on the part of administration, as will be abundantly apparent in subsequent quotations.
We have set up a central R & D department, as well as engineering-management departments -- about 80 people working on problems related to those of our plants.
`` Above these jobs we have chief engineer for the company and vice-president of Engrg, R & Aj.
Paper electrophoresis was carried out on the concentrated samples in a Spinco model R cell using barbital buffer, pH 8.6, ionic strength 0.075, at room temperature on Whatman 3MM filter paper.
We say that N is nilpotent if there is some positive integer R such that Af.
for, using the fact that N and N' commute Af and so when R is sufficiently large every term in this expression for Af will be 0.
Since Af are linearly independent functions and the exponential function has no zeros, these R functions Af, form a basis for the space of solutions.
Some predictions had been made concerning factors R, N, I and Co on these inventories which appeared to be directly related to control and security aspects of personality functioning which were hypothesized as being of importance in differential Kohnstamm reactivity.
The action and reaction forces are R and Af, respectively, and are equal and opposite in direction.
An analysis of the vector relationships shows that the rake angle **yc and the friction angle **yt determine the vector direction Af of the force resultants R and Af.
It is difficult to measure the direction and magnitude of R directly.
This is not a constant value like Af, but varies with the thickness of the coating and the direction and magnitude of the resultants R and Af of Fig. 6.
If the rake angle **yc of the knife is high enough and the friction angle **yt between the front of the knife and the back of the chip is low enough to give a positive value for Af, the resultant vector R will lie above the plane of the substrate.
A sufficiently good approximation for determining the end reflection losses R can be obtained from the angle independent Fresnel formula: Af.
Moreover, by systematically varying the operating conditions in the first stage and always using the optimal Af-stage policy for the remaining stages, we shall eventually find the optimal policy for all R stages.
If all the operating variables were varied simultaneously, Af operations would be required to do the same job, and as R increases this increases very much more rapidly than the number of operations required by the dynamic program.
But even more important than this is the fact that the direct search by simultaneously varying all operating conditions has produced only one optimal policy, namely, that for the given feed state and R stages.
But Af is vastly larger than R.
Consider the process illustrated in Fig. 2.1, consisting of R distinct stages.
These will be numbered in the direction opposite to the flow of the process stream, so that stage R is the T stage from the end.
Let the state of the stream leaving stage R be denoted by a vector Af and the operating variables of stage R by Af.

. and Radcliffe-Brown
However, after reading the work of French sociologists Émile Durkheim and Marcel Mauss, Radcliffe-Brown published an account of his research ( entitled simply The Andaman Islanders ) that paid close attention to the meaning and purpose of rituals and myths.
This was particularly the case with Radcliffe-Brown, who spread his agenda for " Social Anthropology " by teaching at universities across the British Commonwealth.
Scholars inspired by Durkheim include Marcel Mauss, Maurice Halbwachs, Célestin Bouglé, Alfred Radcliffe-Brown, Talcott Parsons, Robert K. Merton, Jean Piaget, Claude Lévi-Strauss, Ferdinand de Saussure, Michel Foucault, Clifford Geertz, Peter Berger, Robert Bellah and others.
In 1926 a British anthropologist specialising in Australian Aboriginal ethnology and ethnography, Professor Alfred Radcliffe-Brown, noted many Aboriginal groups widely distributed across the Australian continent all appeared to share variations of a single ( common ) myth telling of an unusually powerful, often creative, often dangerous snake or serpent of sometimes enormous size closely associated with the rainbows, rain, rivers, and deep waterholes.
Radcliffe-Brown coined the term ' Rainbow Serpent ' to describe what he identified to be a common, recurring myth.
The term coined by Radcliffe-Brown is now commonly used and familiar to broader Australian and international audiences, as it is increasingly used by government agencies, museums, art galleries, Aboriginal organisations and the media to refer to the pan-Australian Aboriginal myth specifically, and as a shorthand allusion to Australian Aboriginal mythology generally.
The leading representative of British social anthropology, A. R. Radcliffe-Brown, took a totally different view of totemism.
As far as Radcliffe-Brown was concerned, totemism was composed of elements that were taken from different areas and institutions, and what they have in common is a general tendency to characterize segments of the community through a connection with a portion of nature.
In opposition to Durkheim's theory of sacralization, Radcliffe-Brown took the point of view that nature is introduced into the social order rather than secondary to it.
In 1952, when Radcliffe-Brown rethought the problem, he found that the similarities and differences between species of animals are to a certain degree translated into ideas of friendship and conflict, or close relationships and opposition among people.
The structural principle that Radcliffe-Brown believed he had discovered at the end of this study is based on the fusion of the two contrary ideas of friendship and animosity.
Thinking in terms of opposing things is, according to Radcliffe-Brown, an essential structural principle for evaluating totemism.
As a chief representative of modern structuralism, Lévi-Strauss was especially stimulated by Radcliffe-Brown, whose views he attempted to further expand.
Building on the ideas of Radcliffe-Brown, Lévi-Strauss claimed to perceive antithetical thinking as a crucial structural principle in totemism and believed that the similarity among totemistic ideas in various cultures lay in similarities between systems of differences — those documented in the natural sphere and those in the culturally defined social groups.
Among the attempts to break out of universalizing assumptions and theories about kinship, Radcliffe-Brown ( 1922, The Andaman Islands ; 1930, The social organization of Australian tribes ) was the first to assert that kinship relations are best thought of as concrete networks of relationships among individuals.
It was during this period that he first met Meyer Fortes and A. R. Radcliffe-Brown.
Radcliffe-Brown and D. Forde, eds., London: Oxford University Press.

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