Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi ( Abulcasis ), who some have called the father of modern surgery, wrote the Kitab al-Tasrif ( 1000 ), a 30-volume medical encyclopedia which was taught at Muslim and European medical schools until the 17th century.

On June 12 2003, European Court of Human Rights ruled in favor of Van Kück, a German transsexual woman whose insurance company denied her reimbursement for gender reassignment surgery as well as hormone replacement therapy.

Nonetheless, during the centuries of the European Middle Ages ( AD 5th – 15th centuries ) that followed the Imperial Roman collapse ( AD 476 ), the fifth-century BC Asian plastic surgery knowledge of the Sushruta samhita went unknown to the West until the tenth century AD, with the publication, in Old English, of the Anglo-Saxon physician ’ s manual Bald's Leechbook ( ca.

The European Renaissance brought with it significant advances in all scientific fields, particularly surgery.

Haake later underwent a surgery and recovered for European summer festivals.

In 1729 he returned to Bern and began to practise as a physician ; his best energies, however, were devoted to the botanical and anatomical researches which rapidly gave him a European reputation, and procured for him from George II in 1736 a call to the chair of medicine, anatomy, botany and surgery in the newly founded University of Göttingen.

On May 5 2011 The Huffington Post reported the case of Karen Butler, a woman from Newport, Oregon, who emerged from oral surgery with an accent which some describe as sounding Irish, while other sources have indicated that her new accent had an Eastern European sound.

On March 29, 2006, after experiencing shortness of breath in Syria, Rose was flown to Paris and underwent surgery for mitral valve repair in the Georges-Pompidou European Hospital.

European and North American studies reported that women who underwent augmentation mammoplasty, and any plastic surgery procedure, tended to be healthier and wealthier than the general population, before and after surgery ; that plastic surgery patients had a lower standardized mortality ratio than did patients for other surgeries ; yet faced an increased risk of death by lung cancer than other plastic surgery patients.

Fiona Colley also operates an online question and answer surgery with residents at local forum South East Central Nunhead forms part of the Lambeth and Southwark London Assembly constituency represented by Valerie Shawcross and the London European Parliament constituency.

In a short time, Esdaile had gained a wide reputation amongst the European and indigenous communities for painless surgery, especially in cases of the scrotal " tumours " that were endemic in Bengal at that time due to filariasis ( similar to elephantiasis ) that was transmitted by mosquitoes.

Seishū Hanaoka learned traditional Japanese medicine as well as Dutch-imported European surgery.

He ruptured a tendon during the Wallabies 24-16 Tri-Nations ' loss to South Africa in September 2006 and underwent surgery, and was forced to miss the European tour.

He injured his right knee towards the end of the May 2010 tournament which required surgery and forced him to cancel plans to have a second wedding ceremony in Bulgaria, at the Evksinograd resort in Varna, during the European Sumo Championships.

For asymptomatic patients ( those without TIA or strokes ) the European asymptomatic carotid surgery trial ( ACST ) found that asymptomatic patients may also benefit from the procedure, but only the group with a high grade stenosis.

Bumblebees can thus suffer severely from the onslaughts of Psithyrus, the `` cuckoo-bumblebee '' as it is called in some European countries.

In the same year, the Anthroposophical Society was called the " most important esoteric society in European history.

The Community acquis or acquis communautaire (; ), sometimes called the EU acquis, and often shortened to acquis, is the accumulated legislation, legal acts, and court decisions which constitute the body of European Union law.

Byzantines called the Bosphorus " Stenon " and most important toponyms of it Bosphorios Akra, Argyropolis, St. Mamas, St. Phokas, Hestiai or Michaelion, Phoneus, Anaplous or Sosthenion in European side and Hieron tower, Eirenaion, Anthemiou, Sophianai, Bithynian Chryspolis in Asian side in this era

One of the other songs from the project called " European Boy " was recorded in 1987 by disco group Splash.

The first known European gambling house, not called a casino although meeting the modern definition, was the Ridotto, established in Venice, Italy in 1638 to provide controlled gambling during the carnival season.

In a June 5, 1947 speech, comporting with the Truman Doctrine, Marshall announced a comprehensive program of American assistance to all European countries wanting to participate, including the Soviet Union and those of Eastern Europe, called the Marshall Plan.

In European cooking, a mixture of butter and flour called a roux is used to thicken liquids to make stews or sauces.

The ICTY called upon other southern European states to follow Croatia's good example.

The Council of the European Union ( sometimes just called the Council and sometimes still referred to as the Council of Ministers ) is the institution in the essentially bicameral legislature of the European Union ( EU ) representing the executives of member states, the other legislative body being the European Parliament.

Connecticut's first European settlers were Dutch and established a small, short-lived settlement in present-day Hartford at the confluence of the Park and Connecticut rivers, called Huys de Goede Hoop.

The standard terms for European mail armour derive from French: leggings are called chausses, a hood is a coif and mittens, mitons.

The 1571 built into the European plastic-case C128 D computer is electronically identical to the stand-alone version, but 1571 version integrated into the later metal-case C128 D ( often called C128 DCR, for D Cost Reduced ) differs a lot from the stand-alone 1571.

European mercenaries, US, and Belgian troops were called in by the Congolese government to defeat the rebellion.

This divine right is called Daulat, and although presently, the notion of divine right is somewhat obsolete, one can still see banners and posters with pictures of the reigning sultan with words Daulat Tuanku, similar to the European proclamation of " Long live the King ", on streets and buildings.

He called it Formosa (" beautiful ", a name later applied to Taiwan ), but it quickly took on the name of its European discoverer, albeit spelt " Fernando Po ".

In 1981 several European regionalist parties joined forces to form a pan-European coalition, called the European Free Alliance.

This group was called European Radical Alliance.

Following the 1999 European Parliament election EFA members formed a common European parliamentary group with the European Green Party called The Greens – European Free Alliance.

These groups are not especially interested in comedy, either as a technique or as an effect, but rather in expanding the improv genre so as to incorporate techniques and approaches that have long been a legitimate part of European theatre.

This technique was used in several European wars of the eighteenth century, the American Revolution, and the American Civil War.

Whereas some European national archives have tested deacidification techniques, the United States ’ National Archives and Records Administration ( NARA ), which pioneered an aqueous technique that improved upon Barrow ’ s, has chosen to invest its preservation dollars elsewhere.

* Central European University, Materials and Techniques of Manuscript Production: Parchment: medieval technique

In European heraldry, this technique is called canting arms.

More recently, scholars have borrowed from European philosophers of " technique " to extend the meaning of technology to various forms of instrumental reason, as in Foucault's work on technologies of the self (" techniques de soi ").

The term for tatting in most European languages is derived from French frivolité, which refers to the purely decorative nature of the textiles produced by this technique.

Before he taught other rehabilitators, or " orientors ," his new technique he had a special commission to have light weight, long white canes made for the veterans of the European fronts.

The European transonic wind tunnel uses this technique.

Photomontage survived Dada and was a technique inherited and used by European Surrealists such as Salvador Dalí.

The positional technique of end-fire subwoofers came into widespread use in European live concert sound in 2006.

A quarterstaff ( plural quarterstaves ), also short staff or simply staff is a traditional European pole weapon and a technique of stick fighting, especially as in use in England during the Early Modern period.

Presently, his technique and individuality have earned Velázquez a prominent position in the annals of European art, and he is often considered a father of the Spanish school of art.

This technique ( referred to as e-VLBI ) was pioneered by the EVN ( European VLBI Network ) who now perform an increasing number of scientific e-VLBI projects per year.

Though favourably received by the press – The Times described his music as having " a personal distinction and sincerity which is absent from the work of the Central European composers of today " – the experience convinced Tippett that he still lacked a watertight technique.

In this novel, Faulkner was influenced by European literary stylistics and conventions, like the stream of consciousness technique, necessary to unveil the personal emotions.

The technique probably arrived in the U. S. via Irish and other European immigrants, and has a history stretching back to ancient China, Egypt, Greece, and Rome.

SEC is the official technique ( suggested by European pharmacopeia ) for the molecular weight comparison of different commercially available low-molecular weight heparins.

Following Gershwin, the first major composer was Aaron Copland from Brooklyn, who used elements of American folk music, though it remained European in technique and form.

In Europe, six radio telescopes of the European VLBI Network ( EVN ) are now connected with Gigabit per second links via their National Research Networks and the Pan-European research network GEANT2, and the first astronomical experiments using this new technique have been successfully conducted.

Just as china is a common name for porcelain, japanning is an old name to describe the European technique to imitate Asian lacquerware.

The European technique, which is used on furniture and other objects, uses finishes that have a resin base similar to shellac.

It employs a number of narrative styles, including the technique known as stream of consciousness, pioneered by 20th century European novelists such as James Joyce and Virginia Woolf.

Later, Spitzweg visited European art centers, studying the works of various artists and refining his technique and style ; he visited Prague, Venice, Paris, London, and Belgium.