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Lewis and acid
BF < sub > 3 </ sub > is a Lewis acid because it accepts the electron pair from fluoride.
A proton is transferred from an unspecified Brønsted acid to ammonia, a Brønsted base ; alternatively, ammonia acts as a Lewis base and transfers a lone pair of electrons to form a bond with a hydrogen ion.
The species that gains the electron pair is the Lewis acid ; for example, the oxygen atom in H < sub > 3 </ sub > O < sup >+</ sup > gains a pair of electrons when one of the H — O bonds is broken and the electrons shared in the bond become localized on oxygen.
Depending on the context, a Lewis acid may also be described as an oxidizer or an electrophile.
Lewis theory explains that an acid is a substance which is capable of accepting a pair of electrons from another substance during the process of bond formation, while a base is a substance which can provide a pair of electrons to form a new bond.
Carboxylic acids can be seen as reduced or alkylated forms of the Lewis acid carbon dioxide ; under some circumstances they can be decarboxylated to yield carbon dioxide.
In a more general definition, an acid can be any chemical species capable of binding to electron pairs is called a Lewis acid ; conversely any molecule that tends to donate an electron pair is referred to as a Lewis base.
In its compounds, sodium is usually ionically bonded to water and anions, and is viewed as a hard Lewis acid.
* Chemistry: Molecular theory — Kinetic theory of gases — Molecular orbital theory — Valence bond theory — Transition state theory — RRKM theory — Chemical graph theory — Flory-Huggins solution theory — Marcus theory — Lewis theory ( successor to Brønsted – Lowry acid – base theory ) — HSAB theory — Debye – Hückel theory — Thermodynamic theory of polymer elasticity — Reptation theory — Polymer field theory — Møller – Plesset perturbation theory — Density Functional Theory — Frontier molecular orbital theory — Polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory — Baeyer strain theory — Quantum theory of atoms in molecules — Collision theory — Ligand field theory ( successor to Crystal field theory ) — Variational Transition State Theory — Benson group increment theory — Specific ion interaction theory
Donor number and donor acceptor scale measures polarity in terms of how a solvent interacts with specific substances, like a strong Lewis acid or a strong Lewis base.
In 1952 he began to apply quantum mechanics to the analysis of the reaction between Lewis acid and base molecules.
Typically, a dipolar bond is formed when a Lewis base donates a pair of electrons to a Lewis acid.
An example of a dative covalent bond is provided by the interaction between a molecule of ammonia, a Lewis base with a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom, and boron trifluoride, a Lewis acid by virtue of the boron atom having an incomplete octet of electrons.
Lewis Sarett of Merck & Co. was the first to synthesize cortisone, using a complicated 36-step process that started with deoxycholic acid, which was extracted from ox bile.
The specific activation modality of most zeolitic catalysts used in petrochemical applications involves quantum-chemical Lewis acid site reactions.
Instead it is a Lewis acid whose Zn atom accepts an electron pair from the base OH < sup >-</ sup >.
Although zinc chloride solutions are acidic by the Brønsted definition, the zinc cation also specifically attacks hydroxyl groups as a Lewis acid.
Benzene and propylene are compressed together to a pressure of 30 standard atmospheres at 250 ° C ( 482 ° F ) in presence of a catalytic Lewis acid.

Lewis and is
As they stood at the first-class rail, waving down to his wife and Casanova below, Lewis said, `` Earl, there is Gracie's future husband ''.
The 1961 theme is the Dakota Territorial Centennial, with the pictures including the Lewis and Clark expedition, the first river steamboat, the 1876 gold rush, a little red schoolhouse on the prairie, and today's construction of large Missouri River reservoirs.
In chemistry, the Lewis definition of acidity is frequently encountered.
Sir John Tenniel's illustration of the Caterpillar ( Alice's Adventures in Wonderland ) | Caterpillar for Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is noted for its ambiguous central figure, whose head can be viewed as being a human male's face with a pointed nose and pointy chin or being the head end of an actual caterpillar, with the first two right " true " legs visible.
Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is a well-known example of a fantasized adventure story.
The Dodo is a fictional character appearing in Chapters 2 and 3 of the book Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll ( Charles Lutwidge Dodgson ).
The Eaglet is a character appearing in Chapter 2 and 3 of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll, a reference to Edith Liddell, Alice's sister.
C. S. Lewis supported this argument and challenged the evolutionary naturalistic view of morality – that morality evolved and is a human construct – by arguing that without objective moral truths, moral scepticism would set in, leading to moral anarchy.
C. S. Lewis argued that, if evolutionary naturalism is accepted, human morality becomes worthless moral statements cannot be right or wrong.
In the company of Edwin and his loves are a dramatic array of thinly veiled representations of theatrical personages of the time, amongst them Daniel Mendoza, an exacting and powerful impresario, who controls the lives of his leading ladies ; the goatish, démodé manager, Matthew Lewis, who promotes Julia Scarlet as “ the American Sarah Bernhardt ”; the worldly-wise veteran of the stage, Ottilie Potter, who has gotten where she is because, “ Men had what I wanted, and I had what they wanted ”; and the huge, manlike Helen Sampson, chief among theatrical agents.
Aberdare was the birthplace of the Second World War poet Alun Lewis, and there is a plaque commemorating him, including a quotation from his poem The Mountain over Aberdare.
One fault of OPS is that it weighs on-base percentage and slugging average equally, although on-base percentage correlates better with scoring runs .< ref > Lewis, Michael.
The evidence for this assertion is still fairly scanty, though excavations at Dun Bharabhat, Lewis, have supported it.
* In the movie Wag the Dog, the fictitious unit 303 Special Forces has a song created titled " The Men of the 303 " that is played to a deliberately similar but original tune written by Huey Lewis for the film.
A third common theory is Lewis acid-base theory, which is based on the formation of new chemical bonds.

Lewis and species
* Snark ( Lewis Carroll ), a fictional animal species in Lewis Carroll's The Hunting of the Snark ( 1876 )
* A particularly dangerous kind of Snark, a fictional animal species created by Lewis Carroll.
The species was not encountered during the Lewis and Clark Expedition, nor was it seen by Nuttall or Townsend, and it was not until it was first described in Audubon and Bachman's Viviparous Quadrupeds of North America in 1851 that it became known to the scientific world.
He had been nominated to the Linnean Society of London ; had contributed to Dickson's Fasciculi ; was acknowledged in a number of other works ; and had had a species of algae, Conferva brownii ( now Aegagropila linnaei ) named after him by Lewis Weston Dillwyn.
The snark is a fictional animal species created by Lewis Carroll in his nonsense poem The Hunting of the Snark.
The species Aripuana cullmaniorum is named for Lewis B. Cullman and Dorothy Cullman, philanthropists and supporters of the New York Botanical Garden.
Cutthoat trout were given the species name clarki in honor of William Clark, who co-led the Lewis and Clark Expedition of 1804 – 1806.
Its specific name is a Latinized form of the name of the scientist who first described this species, Bernard C. Lewis.
The Lewis's Woodpecker, Melanerpes lewis, is a large North American species of woodpecker which was named for Meriwether Lewis, one of the explorers who surveyed the areas bought by the United States of America during the Louisiana Purchase.

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