A Viking longship being burnt during Edinburgh's annual Hogmanay celebrations.

The average speed of Viking ships varied from ship to ship but lay in the range of 5 – 10 knots and the maximum speed of a longship under favorable conditions was around 15 knots.

On 10 September 2007, Professor Stephen Harding of the University of Nottingham, used ground penetrating radar ( GPR ) equipment to pinpoint the location of a 1, 000-year-old Viking transport longship ( Nordic clinker design ) beneath 6 – 10 feet ( 2 – 3 meters ) of clay in Meols, Wirral, ( a well-known settling place of Vikings ).

At the height of Viking expansion into Dublin and Jorvik 875-954 AD the longship reached a peak of development such as the Gokstad ship 890.

The last Viking longship was defeated in 1429.

The longship was the enabler of the Viking style of warfare that was fast and mobile, relying heavily on the element of surprise, and they tended to capture horses for mobility rather than carry them on their ships.

This raid marks the beginning of the " Viking Age of Invasion ", made possible by the Viking longship.

Modern replica of a Viking longship

There were two distinct classes of Viking ships: the ' longship ' ( sometimes erroneously called " drakkar ", a corruption of " dragon " in Norse ) and the ' knarr '.

These five ships represent the two distinct classes of Viking ships, the longship and the knarr.

* Hugin ( longship ), a reconstruction of a Viking longship in Ramsgate, England.

The average speed of Viking ships varied from ship to ship but lay in the range of 5 – 10 knots and the maximal speed of a longship under favorable conditions was around 15 knots.

This Viking era longship is now in the Viking Ship Museum in Oslo.

* Skuld the Demented, Hadric Hissing-blade and Thorgrim Ironjaw: Three Viking pirate captains sent by Slough Feg to attack Slough Throt's flying longship.

In 1979 Odin's Raven, the replica of a Viking longship, sailed from Norway to Peel to commemorate Manx millennium at the 1000th annual sitting of the Isle of Man's Parliament, Tynwald. In 2005, a new floodgate was installed at Peel to retain the waters of the River Neb and thus enable the moored boats to float at low tide.

The museum covers the past and present of the island and houses Odin's Raven, a two-thirds scale replica of a Viking longship which had been built in and sailed from Norway, arriving on July 4, 1979 to celebrate the millennium of the High Court of Tynwald, the legislature of the Isle of Man.

These late-1980s models had a badge resembling the Rover Viking longship, but it was not identical, nor did the word " Rover " ever appear on the cars.

The field is named after the famous longship Ormen Lange of Olaf Tryggvason, a 10th century Viking king of Norway.

This headline show was performed with complex props, including a Viking longship on stage.

* Drekar, a Viking longship

A Viking longship, displaying the overlapping planks that characterize clinker construction.

* James Atlas ( born 1949 ), is a founding editor of the Lipper / Viking Penguin Lives Series

" It is unknown when Alfred launched this programme, but it may have been during the 880s when Wessex was enjoying a respite from Viking attacks.

* 1014 – Battle of Clontarf: Brian Boru defeats Viking invaders, but is killed in battle.

* 1939 – The Grapes of Wrath, by American author John Steinbeck is first published by the Viking Press.

The Viking lenses effectively concentrate sunlight enough to ignite fires ; however it is not known whether they were used for this purpose.

Kiernan argues against an 8th-century provenance because this would still require that the poem be transmitted by Anglo-Saxons through the Viking Age, holds that the paleographic and codicological evidence encourages the belief that Beowulf is an 11th-century composite poem, and states that Scribe A and Scribe B are the authors and that Scribe B is the more poignant of the two.

The Viking Queen is a 1967 Hammer Films adventure film set in ancient Britain, in which the role of Queen Salina is based upon the historical figure of Boudica.

Björkö is today mainly agricultural, and shipping lines carry tourists to the island, where a museum showcases a view of life during the Viking era.

Whether there were Viking or Norse-Gael kingdoms in the Western Isles or the Northern Isles at this time is debated.

A meeting at Eamont Bridge on 927 was sealed by an agreement that Constantine, Owen of Strathclyde, Hywel Dda, and Ealdred would " renounce all idolatry ": that is, they would not ally with the Viking kings.

There is speculation that Viking explorers discovered and settled in the Vinland region around 1000 AD, which is when the L ' Anse aux Meadows settlement in Newfoundland and Labrador has been dated, and it is possible that further exploration was made into the present-day Maritimes and northeastern United States.

This name is mentioned in the Viking sagas and the Chronicle of Nestor.

* In the Ásatrú religion, Egil Skallagrimsson's Day ( December 9 ) is a day of remembrance for the Viking hero.

The Faroese ethnic group is of primarily Norse Viking descent and Scottish.

Viking Line is one of several companies operating ferry service between Helsinki and Tallinn.

Another suggested influence is the six-string Scandinavian lut ( lute ), which gained in popularity in areas of Viking incursions across medieval Europe.

There is commonly accepted evidence of Viking settlement in the Finnish mainland.

An ingenious navigation method is detailed in Viking Navigation Using the Sunstone, Polarized Light and the Horizon Board by Leif K. Karlsen.

Little is known about Viking compasses, but remains have been found of Viking sun compasses.

The island has evidence from every stage in the history of Orkney, with a Neolithic settlement at Rinyo, Bronze Age burnt mounds, Iron Age crannogs and brochs ( the highest density anywhere in Scotland: three within of coastline ), Viking boat burials, remains of a medieval church and the stately home at Trumland.

Gwyn Jones notes that " no true town has been found and excavated " and that the identification of the site in Elbląg with Truso is based on " finds of Norse weapons " and the presence of " a large Viking Age cemetery " nearby, According to Mateusz Bogucki " by now, there is no doubt that the settlement really is Wulfstan's Truso " The Elbląg Museum brochure: Truso-A Discovered Legend, by Marek F Jagodziński, describes a large number of buildings found during the recent excavations, with burnt remains of posts suggesting buildings of c. 5 x 10 m and long houses of about 6 x 21 m.

Both suffered in 993 when Viking raiders sacked the village and burnt down the original church.

The first church may have been burnt and pillaged by Viking invaders, but between about 970 and 1040, Wagen, an Anglo-Danish landowner, established the present church.

Replicas can be temporary, cheap and very simple, such as the replica of a Viking ship that was burnt at the Leixlip Festival.