) In spite of its basic simplicity, the use of very small modules made it an expensive machine, with a large part of the cost sunk into the small modules, the thousands of gold-plated connectors, and the complex wire-wrapped backplane.

Prior to the advent of the microprocessor, a computer was usually built in a card-cage case or mainframe with components connected by a backplane consisting of a set of slots themselves connected with wires ; in very old designs the wires were discrete connections between card connector pins, but printed circuit boards soon became the standard practice.

The backplane connectors had square pins that could be connected to by wrapping wires around them.

The difference between these models was less than 10 wires on the backplane.

Automated wire-wrap machines, as manufactured by the Gardner Denver Company in the 1960s and 1970s, were capable of automatically routing, cutting, stripping and wrapping wires onto an electronic " backplane " or " circuit board ".

A backplane computer bus is a type of multilayer printed circuit board that has at least one ( almost ) solid layer of copper called the ground plane, and at least one layer of copper tracks that are used as wires for the signals.

If the fabric ports on both ends of the backplane wires match then it sends an IPMI command to both blades to enable the matching ports.

While a motherboard may include a backplane for the addition of feature cards, a backplane can stand alone as a separate entity.

Thus, a PICMG backplane can provide any number and any mix of ISA, PCI, PCI-X, and PCI-e slots, limited only by the ability of the SBC to interface to and drive those slots.

The expansion card ( also expansion board, adapter card or accessory card ) in computing is a printed circuit board that can be inserted into an expansion slot of a computer motherboard or backplane to add functionality to a computer system via the expansion bus.

19 or more expansion cards can be installed in backplane systems.

Top-emitting OLEDs are better suited for active-matrix applications as they can be more easily integrated with a non-transparent transistor backplane.

; Inverted OLED: In contrast to a conventional OLED, in which the anode is placed on the substrate, an Inverted OLED uses a bottom cathode that can be connected to the drain end of an n-channel TFT especially for the low cost amorphous silicon TFT backplane useful in the manufacturing of AMOLED displays.

Zone-2 is called " Fabric Agnostic " which means that any Fabric that can use 100 Ω differential signals can be used with an AdvancedTCA backplane.

The Zone-3 area can also hold a special backplane to interconnect boards with signals that are not defined in the AdvancedTCA specification.

The Fabric Interface on the backplane supports many different Fabrics and can be wired as a Dual-Star, Dual-Dual-Star, Mesh, Replicated-Mesh or other architectures.

Any Fabric that can use the point-to-point 100 Ω differential signals can be used with an AdvancedTCA backplane.

The AdvancedTCA definition alone defines a Fabric agnostic chassis backplane that can be used with any of the Fabrics defined in the following specifications:

Note that in early S-100 systems, the S-100 bus is not just for expansion ; it is a passive backplane that also ties together the essential parts of the system including CPU and memory.

They used the AAL1gator designed by Network Synthesis, acquired by Integrated Telecom Technology in 1996, and further acquired by PMC-Sierra in 1998 to both implement their Circuit Emulation Service as well as to just carry T1 / E1 signals across their backplane.

The backplane would be mounted vertically in a chassis oriented front to back and the plug-in SBC and cards would lay flat, protruding out both sides of the backplane.

This allowed a new device to be added easily, generally only requiring plugging a hardware interface board into the backplane, and then installing software that read and wrote to the mapped memory to control it.

In addition to its dedicated I / O bus structure, the Nova backplane had wire wrap pins that could be used for non-standard connectors or other special purposes.

The 400 series included 4 expansion slots ( although a 2 slot backplane could be added to the 300 series as an official upgrade, and third parties produced their own 4 slot backplanes ) and an ST506 controller for an internal hard drive.

MIDI information could be used on the backplane that linked the elements of the workstation together, connecting the input devices to the synthesizers, or it could be sent to another device or received from another device.

To solve this, the backplane ORs the / CFGIN and / CFGOUT signals to form the / CFGIN for the next slot (/ CFGOUT is pulled low if undriven ), which allows empty slots to be bypassed.

One drawback of reflected-wave switching is that each pulse may need to travel twice the length of the backplane ( one complete journey for the incident wave, and another for the reflected wave ), so a delay must be maintained between adjacent pulses to allow for the travel time.

VAXBI cards mounted into backplanes using a ZIF connector ; depending on the backplane design, cards could be loaded from the top or the front side of the backplane.

Interfaces for mass storages as disk, drum, magtape, etc., were built with one interface card to be plugged at the appropriate place in the bus system, the remaining control cards ( 6-7 ) were placed in one of the backplane modules.

The 1616 shared this backplane with a platform developed by Andrew Morton for Keno Computer Systems, allowing the 1616 to use expansion boards developed for the Keno Computer Systems platform ( primarily the 34010 graphics coprocessor ), although the form-factor was different, which left the KCS cards sticking out of the top of the 1616 case!

Unibus backplane ( left ) and two printed circuit boards

Backplanes for SAS and SATA HDDs most commonly use the SGPIO protocol as means of communication between the host adapter and the backplane.

Each SLT module had a socket on one edge that plugged into pins on the computer's backplane ( the exact reverse of how most other company's modules were mounted ).

Unlike the popular ATX form factor which utilizes the PCI bus and is currently used for most PCs, the PC / 104 form factor has no backplane, and instead allows modules to stack together like building blocks.

The line is notable in that units were offered with either an Alpha AXP or Intel Pentium processor as the CPU, and most hardware other than the backplane and CPU were interchangeable.

* Exactly one network master, in most cases in the form of a Gateway to a higher level industrial network or a PLC backplane card,

Each optical link consists of two multimode optical fibers with ST connectors to plug into transceivers plugged into backplane wiring at each end.

The system was first announced publicly at the 1992 Worldwide Developers Conference, positioned primarily as a secondary bus for computer systems to carry multiple streams of digital video without using the existing backplane bus.

The 600 was approximately twice as tall as a 400, and was oriented with the tape and floppy disk drives opposite the backplane ( instead of at a right angle to it as on the 3xx, 4xx and later 500 models ).

The ADC, TDC and other digital electronics are typically large circuit boards with connectors at the front edge that provide input and output for digital signals, and a connector at the back that plugs into a backplane.

It then looks at the fabric interconnect information for the backplane to find out what fabric ports are on the other end of the fabric connections.