With the authorisation of the Central People ’ s Government of the PRC, Hong Kong also concluded 12 bilateral agreements with foreign states on air services, investment promotion and protection, mutual legal assistance and visa abolition during the year.

The government relies on bilateral and multilateral aid – which was suspended briefly following coup d ' états in 1996 and 1999-for operating expenses and public investment.

Although Peru does not have a bilateral investment treaty with the United States, it has signed an agreement ( 1993 ) with the Overseas Private Investment Corporation ( OPIC ) concerning OPIC-financed loans, guarantees, and investments.

Congo and the United States ratified a bilateral investment treaty designed to facilitate and protect foreign investment.

In August 2005, Brunei's Foreign Affairs and Trade Minister, Prince Mohamed Bolkiah arrived in Singapore for a three-day visit during which the two countries signed an agreement to eliminate double taxation, paving the way for further bilateral trade and investment.

Trinidad and Tobago also has bilateral investment agreements with France.

Commercial ties between Uruguay and the United States have expanded substantially in recent years, with the countries signing a bilateral investment treaty in 2004 and a Trade and Investment Framework Agreement in January 2007.

A German-Bangladeshi investment promotion and protection agreement has been in force since 1986 and a bilateral double taxation accord since 1993.

The United States – Peru Trade Promotion Agreement () is a bilateral free trade agreement, whose objectives are eliminating obstacles to trade, consolidating access to goods and services and fostering private investment in and between the United States and Peru.

* Secured an arbitral award finding of $ 700 million in damages against the government of Ecuador on behalf of Chevron Corporation, in 2010, in a bilateral investment treaty dispute related to past oil operations by Chevron ’ s subsidiary, Texaco petroleum company.

There is a debate in legal circles whether MFN clauses in bilateral investment treaties include only substantive rules or also procedural protections.

A " most favoured nation " clause is also included in the majority of the numerous bilateral investment treaties concluded between capital exporting and capital importing countries after the Second World War.

In this period, Comecon also undertook a number of bilateral and multilateral investment projects.

The early 1980s were characterized by more bilateral investment specialization but on a much smaller scale than required for the Orenburg and Ust ' Ilim projects.

These editions are dedicated to bilateral issues of cooperation and promote establishing of business and investment programs of interaction between 2 countries.

TECROs state that their aim is " to promote bilateral trade, investment, culture, science and technology exchanges and cooperation, as well as better understanding ", although they perform many of the same functions as a normal embassy or consulate general, like issuing visas and passports.

Leterme met with Vietnamese officials to strengthen bilateral relations and cooperation in several sectors including politics, economics, and trade and investment, as well as discussed regional and global issues that are of interest to both sides.

In bilateral studies of trust have employed an investment game devised by Berg and colleagues where individuals could choose to give a portion or none of their money to another.

Following the ratification of bilateral treaties, Russia, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan declared that the northern Caspian was open for business and investment as they had reached a consensus on the legal status of the basin.

In October 2011, as part of a recent bilateral trade deal signed by Myanmar and India, the two countries pledged a U $ 120 Million port and multimodal investment to complete the infrastructure linking Indian Northeastern provinces to Sittwe port in Northwestern Myanmar, overland via India's Mizoram by 2013.

Globally, the Council's work addresses primarily international finance, trade, investment and development policy as well as multilateral, regional and bilateral relationships beyond North America.

Starting from the second half of the twentieth century, the investment protection was developed through the bilateral investment treaties, which are signed between two countries and which state the desired conditions under which investment can take place between them.

For a work to be considered pirated, its illegitimate use must have occurred in a nation that has domestic copyright laws and / or adheres to a bilateral treaty or established international convention such as the Berne Convention or WIPO Copyright Treaty.

The truck-launched versions, and also the Pershing II and SS-20 Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles, were later destroyed under the bilateral INF ( Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces ) treaty with the USSR.

Because of Japanese opposition to participation in an anti-British alliance, Ribbentrop decided to settle for a bilateral German-Italian anti-British treaty.

However, the two countries have been unable even to reach agreement on a basic bilateral treaty ; Romania is insistent ( against determined Moldovan resistance ) that such a treaty would have to refer to Romania and Moldova's ' special relationship '.

A bilateral trade treaty was signed in 1996.

It is possible however for a bilateral treaty to have more than two parties ; consider for instance the bilateral treaties between Switzerland and the European Union ( EU ) following the Swiss rejection of the European Economic Area agreement.

If a state party's withdrawal is successful, its obligations under that treaty are considered terminated, and withdrawal by one party from a bilateral treaty of course terminates the treaty.

As the name suggests, this allowed the President to negotiate tariff reductions on a bilateral basis, and also treated such tariff agreements as regular legislation, requiring a majority, rather than as a treaty that required a two-third vote.

The constitution of the Republic was adopted by the People's Khural in 1994, and a bilateral treaty with the Russian Federation was signed in 1995.

The bilateral tax treaty negotiated with Canada in particular has been a political-football for the government of that country.

During the Canadian national elections of 2003 and 2006, it was cited that the former Minister of Finance and later Prime Minister Paul Martin had international shipping companies that operated in Barbados ' offshore sector under the bilateral treaty possibly saving his company from higher taxes in Canada.

The President's ceremonial roles include signing every law ( except those pertaining to the President's powers ) and international or bilateral treaty, ceremonially appointing the Prime Minister, confirms and endorses the credentials of ambassadors, and receives the credentials of foreign diplomats.

( International law, however, holds that in all cases no bilateral or multilateral treaty can be abrogated by one party only.

In military terms, a demilitarized zone ( DMZ ) is an area, usually the frontier or boundary between two or more military powers ( or alliances ), where military activity is not permitted, usually by peace treaty, armistice, or other bilateral or multilateral agreement.

* becoming a party to a bilateral or international treaty

In 1147 he signed a bilateral treaty with Mu ' in ad-Din Unur, governor of Damascus ; as part of this agreement, he also married Mu ' in ad-Din's daughter Ismat ad-Din Khatun.

For BEA this entailed the loss of the Heathrow – Le Bourget route, which was transferred to its newly formed independent rival to accommodate the newcomer's Gatwick – Le Bourget service within the constraints of the Anglo-French bilateral air treaty.

The Kennedy hope is that, at the conference or through bilateral talks, the low-wage textile-producing countries in Asia and Europe will see that `` dumping '' practices cause friction all around and may result in import quotas.

These deficits can vary depending on which cerebellar structures have been damaged, and whether the lesion is bilateral or unilateral.

In 2010, the volume of bilateral trade with Iran was $ 200 million-which is approximately equal to the trade between Armenia and Turkey.

Burundi is heavily dependent on bilateral and multilateral aid, with external debt totalling $ 1. 247 billion ( 1. 247 G $) in 1997.

The fundamental bilateral body form is a tube with a hollow gut cavity running from the mouth to the anus, and a nerve cord with an enlargement ( a ganglion ) for each body segment, with an especially large ganglion at the front, called the brain.

It is usually bilateral, but may be multilateral, and usually exists parallel to monetary systems in most developed countries, though to a very limited extent.

Soviet bilateral trade is occasionally called " barter trade ", because although the purchases were denominated in U. S. dollars, the transactions were credited to an international clearing account, avoiding the use of hard cash.

On the brighter side, the government is addressing these issues with assistance from bilateral and multilateral donors.

Like other countries in Oceania, Solomon Islands is a beneficiary of Cuban medical aid ; bilateral relations between Havana and Honiara must be viewed within the scope of Cuba's regional policy in Oceania.

Like other countries in Oceania, Tuvalu is a beneficiary of Cuban medical aid ; bilateral relations between Funafuti and Havana must be viewed within the scope of Cuba's regional policy in Oceania.

It is therefore necessary to investigate the integrity of the bilateral cerebral cortices, as well as that of the reticular activating system ( RAS ) in a comatose patient.

Where both the plaintiffs and the defendants have been organized into court-approved classes, the action is called a bilateral class action.

The recognition process can be done by the employer or employee and may be part of the official bureaucracy for confirming professional status and is dependent on individual bilateral agreements between Germany and other countries.

" To do this, the IAEA is authorized in Article III. A. 5 of the Statute " to establish and administer safeguards designed to ensure that special fissionable and other materials, services, equipment, facilities, and information made available by the Agency or at its request or under its supervision or control are not used in such a way as to further any military purpose ; and to apply safeguards, at the request of the parties, to any bilateral or multilateral arrangement, or at the request of a State, to any of that State's activities in the field of atomic energy.

For example, the United States holds a number of bilateral agreements with countries exporting tropical fruit which is irradiated to eliminate insect pests and to fulfill the quarantine requirements, but no information on amounts traded in reality is available.

This is true for fruits Hawaii exports to the U. S. mainland, and increasingly for imports from subtropical countries to the U. S. under bilateral agreements that allows those less-developed countries to earn income through food exports.

The United States is Jamaica's most important trading partner: bilateral trade in goods in 2005 was over $ 2 billion.

On 14 February 2005, Lesotho announced that Ireland is the largest bilateral donor with financial support in excess of M70 million in each of the past three years.

The left hemisphere is usually dominant in right-handed people, although bilateral activations are not uncommon in the area of syntactic processing.

Mali is among the ten poorest nations of the world, is one of the 37 Heavily Indebted Poor Countries, and is a major recipient of foreign aid from many sources, including multilateral organizations ( most significantly the World Bank, African Development Bank, and Arab Funds ), and bilateral programs funded by the European Union, France, United States, Canada, Netherlands, and Germany.

The bilateral agenda is dominated by efforts to increase broad-based growth, improve health and educational facilities, promote the sustainable use of natural resources, reduce the population growth rate, counter the spread of highly infectious diseases, encourage regional stability, build peacekeeping capabilities, institutionalize respect for human rights, and strengthen democratic institutions in offering good governance.