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A comparison of the nuclear genome of polar bears with that of brown bears revealed a different pattern, the two forming genetically distinct clades that diverged approximately 603, 000 years ago, although the latest research is based on analysis of the complete genomes ( rather than just the mitochondria or partial nuclear genomes ) of polar, brown and black bears, and establishes the divergence of polar and brown bears at 4-5 million years ago.
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comparison and nuclear
For comparison, the nearest competing method in terms of structures analyzed is nuclear magnetic resonance ( NMR ) spectroscopy, which has resolved 9561 chemical structures.
" Powell pointed out that Britain's nuclear weaponry " is negligible in comparison with that of Russia: if we could destroy 16 Russian cities she could destroy practically every vestige of life on these islands several times over.
For comparison, the largest nuclear weapon ever detonated, the Tsar Bomba, had a yield of 50 megatons.
Also during the 1970s, the Soviet Union reached the peak of its political influence in comparison to the U. S. as the SALT I treaty was created to cooperate in matters of nuclear weapons and technology between the two nations.
Therefore, comparison with other power generation methods is strongly dependent on assumptions about construction timescales and capital financing for nuclear plants.
By comparison, only a few space vehicles have been launched using full-fledged nuclear reactors: the Soviet RORSAT series and the American SNAP-10A.
Proving a relationship based on comparison of the mitochondrial genome is much easier than that based on the nuclear genome.
As a point of comparison in the chart below, the most likely nuclear weapons to be utilized against countervalue city targets in a global Nuclear War are in the sub megaton range.
In comparison, X-rays interact with the spatial distribution of the valence electrons, while neutrons are scattered by the atomic nuclei through the strong nuclear forces.
* Griffiths, Carole S .; Barrowclough, George F .; Groth, Jeff G. & Mertz, Lisa ( 2004 ): Phylogeny of the Falconidae ( Aves ): a comparison of the efficacy of morphological, mitochondrial, and nuclear data.
They are static while the nuclear bag fibers are dynamic in comparison.
The comparison of the cyb and ghr phylogenetic results seems to indicate nuclear genes are useful for resolving relationships of recently evolved animals.
Just as little, there was no passion to make the bomb ..." In a recent report based on additional documents from Russian archives, historian Mark Walker concludes that " in comparison with Diebner Gerlach ... Heisenberg and finally Weizsäcker did obviously not use all power they commanded to provide the National Socialists with nuclear weapons ".
For comparison, Brazil's Angra I nuclear plant generates 657 MW.
This group, named after the Ivuna meteorite, have chemical compositions that are close to that measured in the solar photosphere, neglecting gaseous elements, and elements such as lithium which are destroyed by nuclear fission reactions, and thus are underrepresented in the Sun's photosphere by comparison to their abundance in CI chondrites.
Though large quantities of vague data have been officially released, and larger quantities of vague data have been unofficially leaked by former bomb designers, most public descriptions of nuclear weapon design details rely to some degree on speculation, reverse engineering from known information, or comparison with similar fields of physics ( inertial confinement fusion is the primary example ).
The " Super ", however, proved elusive, and the calculations were incredibly difficult to perform, especially since there was no existing way to run small-scale tests of the principles involved ( in comparison, the properties of fission could be more easily probed with cyclotrons, newly created nuclear reactors, and various other tests ).
Unlike a comparison game played by individuals with low RWA scores, which resulted in world peace and widespread international cooperation, the simulation by authoritarians became highly militarized and eventually entered the stage of nuclear war.
* ( 2004 ): Phylogeny of the Falconidae ( Aves ): a comparison of the efficacy of morphological, mitochondrial, and nuclear data.
comparison and genome
In comparison, the genome of the smallest known viruses capable of causing an infection by themselves are around 2 kilobases in size.
This hypothesis was supported by a recent analysis of the Trichoplax adhaerens mitochondrial genome in comparison to those of other animals, The hypothesis was, however, rejected in a statistical analysis of the Trichoplax adhaerens whole genome sequence in comparison to the whole genome sequences of six other animals and two related non-animal species, but only at the p = 0. 07 level, which indicates a marginal level of statistical significance.
As noted above, this hypothesis was supported in a statistical analysis of the Trichoplax adhaerens whole genome sequence in comparison to the whole genome sequences of six other animals and two related non-animal species.
All versions of this hypothesis were rejected with high confidence in a statistical analysis of the Trichoplax adhaerens whole genome sequence in comparison to the whole genome sequences of six other animals and two related non-animal species.
Most eukaryotic algae contain on average about 0. 54 pg DNA / cell1, whereas estimates of dinoflagellate DNA content range from 3 – 250 pg / cell, corresponding to approximately 3000 – 215 000 Mb ( in comparison, the haploid human genome is 3180 Mb and hexaploid Triticum wheat is 16 000 Mb ).
For comparison, the diploid human genome has 20, 000-25, 000 genes ( represented twice ) on 23 chromosome pairs.
Critics argue that the technique is inaccurate for comparison of closely related species, as any attempt to measure differences between orthologous sequences between organisms is overwhelmed by the hybridization of paralogous sequences within an organism's genome.
The T. vaginalis genome was found to be approximately 160 megabases in size – ten times larger than predicted from earlier gel-based chromosome sizing ( The human genome is ~ 3. 5 gigabases by comparison.
Though Trichoplax has a small genome in comparison to other animals, nearly 87 % of its 11, 514 predicted protein-coding genes are identifiably similar to known genes in other animals.
Computational approaches to genome comparison have recently become a common research topic in computer science.
It is thought that a comparison of the Neanderthal genome and human genome will expand understanding of Neanderthals as well as the evolution of humans and human brains.
comparison and polar
In addition, the behavior of water as a solvent is altered ( in comparison to that of subcritical liquid water )-it behaves much less like a polar solvent.
Unusual characteristics of this organism in comparison to general eukaryotes include the rhoptry, micronemes, and polar rings near the apical end.
Studies on the impact of fictional characters on children, such as those in Pikachu's Global Adventure: The Rise and Fall of Pokémon, have noted Mew as popular with younger female children who tend to be drawn to " cute " characters ; Mewtwo in comparison was described as a polar opposite, popular with older male children who tend to be drawn to " tough or scary " characters.
Unusual characteristics of this organism in comparison to general eukaryotes include the rhoptry, micronemes, and polar rings near the apical end.
comparison and bears
The success of the work bears comparison with his achievements in opera, but his comparative silence during the period from 1832 to his death in 1868 makes his biography appear almost like the narrative of two lives — the life of swift triumph and the long life of seclusion, of which biographers give us pictures in stories of the composer's cynical wit, his speculations in fish culture, his mask of humility and indifference.
This text is a version of the Irish Longes mac n-Uislenn and offers a tale which bears some comparison to Macpherson's " Darthula ", although it is radically different in many respects.
The design also inspired ITC Bauhaus and Architype Bayer, which bears comparison with the stylistically related typeface Architype Schwitters.
Krautrock must generally be regarded, however, as a primarily West German phenomenon ; the East German musical avant-garde may be argued to have been more genuinely represented by, for example, political singer-songwriter Wolf Biermann, whose work more aptly bears comparison to Woody Guthrie or early Bob Dylan than to any progressive rock artists.
With no need for comparison since " every nation bears in itself the standard of its perfection, totally independent of all comparison with that of others " for " do not nationalities differ in everything, in poetry, in appearance, in tastes, in usages, customs and languages?
Because the fibula bears relatively little weight in comparison with the tibia, it is typically narrower in all but the most primitive tetrapods.
* Mad Jack's life bears comparison with a contemporary, Beau Brummell, whose life describes a similar arc.
The game was based heavily, and unofficially, on the Alien films, specificially Aliens, and also on the 8-bit-era games Laser Squad and Paradroid ( although the game bears some gameplay similarities with Gauntlet, with which it has been compared, as well an obvious comparison with Sega's Alien Syndrome ).
The incident bears comparison with the 1959 Lockheed L-188 crash in showing difficulties that the airframe industry and its airline customers can experience when adopting new technology.
The dragon described here, with its tail coiled around its neck, bears comparison to the ouroboros.
Many consider that this section bears comparison with the better-known Dovedale a few miles to the east.
Sometimes, sun bears are captured or bred to be domestic pets — a role for which they are considered desirable, due to their relatively inoffensive nature and small size in comparison with other bears.
As well as detailed footprint analysis by Russel Tuttle of The University of Chicago, whose experiments included the comparison of both human and bi-pedal animal, such as bears and primates, gaits and foot structure, taking into account the use of footwear.
The entire section bears comparison to Republic V. He believes or at least says in one aphorism that free spirits will not marry and “ prefer to fly alone.
He is listed well down the national averages and his overall performance bears moderate comparison with that of, for example, Wilfred Rhodes who took 213 wickets at 13. 15 with 5 ten-wicket matches.
It was directed by John Sturges ( with whom Widmark would also make another western The Law and Jake Wade ), and unfolds in the vein of the psychological Western ( a sub-genre that has yielded many films, e. g. those of Anthony Mann, with whose films this bears comparison ), delivering an unconventional story, written by Borden Chase, of a man's search for his father ( played by character actor John McIntire ) and his final discovery of a man who is willing to kill his own son for gold.
However, an idea proposed by the writer of this article that Dáibhídh was MacFhirbhisigh's mysterious amanuensis cannot be sustained, as a comparison of their handwriting bears no resemblance to each other.
The instant case bears comparison to the privilege against self-incrimination.
He scrabbled his way up a demanding fissure called the " Worst Error " on Elephant Rock, an early effort which the British Guardian journalist Jim Perrin notes, " bears comparison with the achievements of Joe Brown and Don Whillans ", famed contemporaries of his in Britain.
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