In the 14th century the city was expanded in two stages, and a second defensive wall was constructed.

In 1820 the city wall was torn down, with the exception of the individual towers and gates, and the defensive ditches were filled in.

The city is completely surrounded by a city wall and defensive canal.

The heavy weight and bulk of the gastraphetes may have necessitated a prop to keep it standing, i. e. by mounting it on a defensive wall or using a portable prop.

However, a wall would imply the existence of a defensive ditch outside it, so an earlier wall could not be immediately adjacent to site of the tomb, which combined with the presence of the Temple Mount would make the city inside the wall quite thin ; essentially for the traditional site to have been outside the wall, the city would have had to be limited to the lower parts of the Tyropoeon Valley, rather than including the defensively advantageous western hill.

This obviated the need for a defensive ditch or fosse since the line of the city wall would follow the south lip of the quarry.

Banks duly organised a defensive wall and got into position.

When Hadrian reached Britannia on his famous tour of the Roman provinces around 120, he directed an extensive defensive wall, known to posterity as Hadrian's Wall, to be built close to the line of the Stanegate frontier.

This is reflected by archaeological sites and findings such as the Broad Wall, defensive city wall in Jerusalem, Hezekiah's Tunnel, an aqueduct designed to provide Jerusalem with water during an impending siege by the Assyrians, led by Sennacherib.

The Kabul Turks and Hindus built a huge defensive wall around the city to protect it from future invaders.

Kenilworth's inner court consists of a number of buildings set against a bailey wall, originally of Norman origin, exploiting the defensive value of a natural knoll that rises up steeply from the surrounding area.

The Walls of Dubrovnik are a series of defensive wall | defensive stone walls, never breached by hostile army, that have surrounded and protected a maritime city-state of Dubrovnik ( Republic of Ragusa | Ragusa ), situated in southern Croatia.

The city ( covering the area of today's Old Town neighbourhood ) was surrounded by a defensive wall, integrated with the castle.

An example of deliberate mechanical energy storage is the use of logs or boulders as defensive measures in ancient forts — the logs or boulders were collected at the top of a hill or wall, and the energy thus stored used to attack invaders who came within range.

Smaller siege towers might be used on top of siege-mounds, made of earth, rubble and timber mounds in order to overtop a defensive wall.

The rest of the plateau comprises a number of Moorish palaces, enclosed by a fortified wall, with thirteen towers, some defensive and some providing vistas for the inhabitants.

The territory holds many diverse structures that help provide autonomy for the sovereign state, including a rail line and train station, heliport, post office, radio station ( with extraterritorial antennas in Italy ), military barracks, government palaces and offices, public plaza, part of an audience hall, old defensive wall marking the border, institutions of higher learning, cultural / art centers, and a few embassies.

Wallace arranged his spearmen in four schiltrons — circular, hedgehog formations surrounded by a defensive wall of wooden stakes.

* Aurelian begins construction of a new defensive wall to protect Rome.

Growing from earlier defensive developments, the " torpedo boat destroyer "( TBD ) first appeared as a distinct class of warship when and were commissioned into the Royal Navy in 1894.

Younger military academy graduates resented a program introduced by Marcello Caetano whereby militia officers who completed a brief training program and had served in the overseas territories ' defensive campaigns, could be commissioned at the same rank as military academy graduates.

The first plans for a defensive line were commissioned by Mannerheim from the Swedish volunteer Lieutenant Colonel A. Rappe at the beginning of May 1918.

A somewhat less fragmented hebephrenic patient of mine, who used to often seclude herself in her room, often sounded through the closed door -- as I would find on passing by, between our sessions -- for all the world like two persons, a scolding mother and a defensive child.

Some salamanders adopt defensive poses when faced by a potential predator such as the North American northern short-tailed shrew ( Blarina brevicauda ).

His passive defensive performance while positioning himself in a forward position at Bowling Green, spreading his forces too thinly, not concentrating his forces in the face of Union advances, and appointing or relying upon inadequate or incompetent subordinates subjected him to criticism at the time and by later historians.

The first half was a defensive struggle, with the first points coming off of a safety by the Falcons, giving Atlanta a 2-0 lead.

When a tank destroyer was used against enemy tanks from a defensive position, eg by ambush, a rotating turret was not particularly critical and where a low silhouette was paramount not desirable.

Nimzowitsch supplemented many of the earlier simplistic assumptions about chess strategy by enunciating in his turn a further number of general concepts of defensive play aimed at achieving one's own goals by preventing realization of the opponent's plans.

A few species can creep very slowly by using spiny defensive zooids as legs.

Another risk taken by the defensive team in issuing a base on balls is that since intentional balls must be pitched in a legal manner, they can legally become wild pitches or passed balls.

In addition, if the situation of the game is such that the steal is of little use ( usually in the late innings when the runner would not change the game's outcome by scoring ), and the catcher does not attempt to throw out the runner, the runner is not credited with a steal, and the base is attributed to defensive indifference.

Without using the term, 1920 saw the first rule that would be referred to today as defensive indifference, as stolen bases would not be credited, unless an effort was made to stop the runner by the defense.

If a " clinch " – a defensive move in which a boxer wraps his or her opponents arms and holds on to create a pause – is broken by the referee, each fighter must take a full step back before punching again ( alternatively, the referee may direct the fighters to " punch out " of the clinch ).

He positioned his troops in a strongly defensive position, in a plain surrounded by natural obstacles, such as a stream on the left and woods to his back.

The theory that they were defensive military structures is not accepted by many modern archaeologists ( see the ' general references ' below ), while the alternative notion that they were farmhouses is dismissed by some others.

The original interpretation of brochs, favoured by nineteenth century antiquarians, was that they were defensive structures, places of refuge for the community and their livestock.

To achieve a breakout, armoured forces would attack the enemy's defensive line directly, supported by motorized infantry, artillery fire and aerial bombardment, in order to create a breach in the enemy's line.

Soviet defensive tactics were by now hugely improved, particularly in terms of artillery and effective use of air support.

Having everything to lose by attacking, and much to gain by not attacking, the Athenians remained on the defensive in the run up to the battle.

Tactically, hoplites were vulnerable to attacks by cavalry, and since the Persians had substantial numbers of cavalry, this made any offensive maneuver by the Athenians even more of a risk, and thus reinforced the defensive strategy of the Athenians.

In the Kresna straits the Greeks were ambushed by the Bulgarian 2nd and 1st Army newly arrived from the Serbian front that had already taken defensive positions there following the Bulgarian victory at Kalimanci.

These interventions were meant to put an end to democratic liberalization efforts and uprisings that had the potential to compromise Soviet hegemony inside the Eastern bloc, which was considered by the Soviets to be an essential defensive and strategic buffer in case hostilities with NATO were to break out.