Rubin also noted that half the funds northern Iraq received through the sanctions regime had not been spent, thus the amount of goods it actually purchased was less than what the rest of Iraq was provided ; that northern Iraq had recently been subjected to chemical weapons and was under a separate blockade by the central government ; and that UN workers had rebuilt water purification facilities all over Iraq and engaged in dozens of other projects in an effort to compensate for the UN restrictions on and approval process for potential " dual-use " chemicals.

Reports from the project on building a sustainable culture in dual use bioethics suggest that, as a result of perceived changes in both science and security over the past decade, several states and multilateral bodies have underlined the importance of making life scientists aware of concerns over dual-use and the legal obligations underpinning the prevention of biological weapons.

* Controls over dual-use exports

* Kandahar International Airport ( 3200 m runway ) is a dual-use airport serving southern Afghanistan.

* Mazari Sharif Airport ( 3100 m runway ) is a dual-use airport serving the northern and central portions of the country.

Where there is credible evidence suggesting that the export of a dual-use item threatens U. S. security, the Bureau must act to combat that threat.

As a dual-use military facility with the U. S. Air Force, the airport is also home to Bradley Air National Guard Base and the 103d Airlift Wing ( 103 AW ) of the Connecticut Air National Guard.

The FSB is engaged in the development of Russia's export control strategy and examines drafts of international agreements related to the transfer of dual-use and military commodities and technologies.

The facilities of the dual-use King Alfred Sports Centre, which is next to the school site, are shared between the school and town.

Orfeo is a dual-use ( civilian and military ) earth observation satellite network developed jointly between France and Italy.

( Having two crimping grooves is sometimes seen in dual-use bullets, such as intended for use with both. 38 Special and. 357 Magnum cartridges, or, similarly, for use with both. 44 Special and. 44 Magnum, in instances where overall cartridge lengths may need to be set differently to achieve the highest accuracy.

It is also noted, in the correspondence seen in the previous citation that concerns about the effect of marketing by the tobacco industry, as influenced by the results of these scientific studies, is of primary concern to many researchers in the field, including the risk of emboldening the industry to attempt to increase snus sales among young people and promote dual-use of snus and smoked tobacco, and the use of medical nicotine, rather than snus, can better target at-risk populations, given better access and pricing.

Today, the Cheviot is a dual-use breed used for meat and for wool.

The International Atomic Energy Agency attempts to monitor dual-use technology in countries who are signatories of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, to make sure that fissile material is not diverted to military functions.

Unfortunately however, there is an emerging understanding in both the policy and academic literature that life scientists across the globe are frequently uninformed or under-informed on issues such as biosecurity, dual-use, the BTWC and national legislation outlawing biological weapons.

Although interesting and somewhat related to the concept, these show the dual-use nature of technology, which does not always clearly convey the intention of the phrase nor how it is used today.

It is a dual-use breed providing both meat and wool.

In particular, footwear with rheopectic shock absorption is being pursued as a dual-use technology that can provide better support to those who must frequently run, leap, climb, or descend.

The WASR series rifles take their name from the 1996 Wassenaar Arrangement, a multilateral export control regime ( MECR ), the purpose of which is to monitor and limit the proliferation of certain conventional weapons and dual-use technologies.

Journalist Jim Lobe suggests that the Franklin story is part of a larger investigation into transfer of sensitive military and dual-use technologies to Israel, including powerful case-management software.

The resolution also called for countries exporting so called " dual-use items " which could potentially be used in weapons systems to notify UNSCOM.

In the early 1990s, Halliburton was found to be in violation of federal trade barriers in Iraq and Libya, having sold these countries dual-use oil drilling equipment and, through its former subsidiary, Halliburton Logging Services, sending six pulse neutron generators to Libya.

From that point on the Air Force would be the primary missile developer, especially for dual-use missiles that could also be used for space launchers.

Metamorphic library steps are a type of archaic dual-use furniture, consisting of a small folding staircase that can be transformed into chair or desk form ( such as a small writing table or library table ).

Jurisdiction for all articles and technologies must be properly determined prior to classifications being made to ensure that munitions list articles are not incorrectly classified as dual-use articles or technologies.

Original plans were to provide a dual-use credit card with a smart card embedded, to allow purchases to be made without requiring manual entering of details.

As part of the state's trend to incorporate this age level within the public schools, the city school system joined with the City's Parks Department in the development of Hornet Park, a dual-use facility built on the grounds of the former Olympia Club ( a private swimming / recreation club ).

OCS / ORBC's facilities ( which are nearly all dual-use ) have been built and maintained on a pay-as-you-go system.

Critics claimed that the Oil-for-Food Programme was responsible, under the blockage of dual-use equipment, for preventing Iraq from repairing the water purification and medical systems destroyed by the initial sanctions and during 1991 Gulf War, and others challenged the programme on the grounds that it would not permit Iraq to import the food and medicine necessary to prevent millions of easily preventable deaths.

Cryptome welcomes documents for publication that are prohibited by governments worldwide, in particular material on freedom of expression, privacy, cryptology, dual-use technologies, national security, intelligence, and secret governance — open, secret and classified documents — but not limited to those.

Most industrial countries have export controls on certain types of designated dual-use technologies, and they are required by a number of treaties as well.

It began with the deployment of maritime and air assets from participating countries to detect, localise and track the merchant ship ( simulated by MV Avatar ) transporting the illegal shipment of dual-use chemicals.

Dealing with this challenge, which has been labelled the ` dual-use ` dilemma requires a number of different activities such as those identified above as being require for biosecurity.

The 2004 report noted concerns about dual-use technology and the use as weapons components of products from major Irish export industries such as chemicals, telecommunications equipment, computer chips and software.

SARs applications are countless: they range from geology to crop monitoring, from sea-ice mapping to disaster monitoring to vessel traffic surveillance, not to forget the military applications ( many civilian SAR satellites are, in fact, dual-use systems ).

Similarly, military sanctions can range from carefully targeted military strikes to degrade a nation's conventional or non-conventional capabilities, to the less aggressive form of an arms embargo to cut off supplies of arms or dual-use items.

BIS's activities include regulating the export of sensitive goods and dual-use technologies in an effective and efficient manner ; enforcing export control, anti-boycott, and public safety laws ; cooperating with and assisting other countries on export control and strategic trade issues ; assisting U. S. industry to comply with international arms control agreements ; monitoring the viability of the U. S. defense-industrial base ; and promoting federal initiatives and public-private partnerships to protect the nation's critical infrastructures.

For example, in the area of dual-use export controls, BIS vigorously administers and enforces such controls to stem the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and the means of delivering them, to halt the spread of weapons to terrorists or countries of concern, and to further important U. S. foreign policy objectives.

It also participates in programs focused on technology transfer, dual-use technology and small business development.

Strains of dual-use biological material also helped advance Iraq ’ s biological warfare program.

Thermographic cameras are much more expensive than their visible-spectrum counterparts, and higher-end models are often deemed as dual-use and export-restricted.