Soviet Russia has been invaded twice by German troops in a generation.

Following the death of terminally ill Konstantin Chernenko, the Politburo elected Mikhail Gorbachev to the position of General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union ( CPSU ) in March 1985, marking the rise of a new generation of leadership.

Equipment from the Soviet Union is being progressively replaced by more modern U. S., French, and British equipment, a significant portion of which is built under license in Egypt, such as the M1A1 Abrams tank which makes Egypt the owner of the second largest number of latest generation main battle tanks in the region after Israel, and the second after Syria in case of the older generations.

In addition to the newly developed " third generation " weapons, binary versions of several Soviet agents were developed and are designated as " Novichok " agents.

# In the northern and western ( formerly German ) regions where Poles from the territories annexed by the Soviet Union resettled after World War II, the older generation speaks a dialect of Polish characteristic of the Eastern Borderlands which resembles Ukrainian or Rusyn — especially in the " longer " pronunciation of vowels.

The grassroots democracy movement that forced the dismissal of East German head of state Erich Honecker in 1989 also empowered a younger generation of reform politicians in East Germany's ruling Socialist Unity Party who looked to Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev's glasnost and perestroika as their model for political change.

In the Soviet era, the Vakhsh was dammed at several points for irrigation and electric power generation, most notably at Norak ( Nurek ), east of Dushanbe, where one of the world's highest dams forms the Nurek Reservoir.

The increased threat posed by a new generation of Soviet guided missiles armed with a shaped charge warhead — as demonstrated in the Yom Kippur War of October 1973, when even older-generation missiles caused considerable tank losses on the Israeli side — made Burlington the preferred choice for the armour configuration of the XM1 ( the renamed XM815 ) prototype.

It became highly influential for at least a generation of Soviet people, e. g. a person could quote the Strugatsky books and be sure of being understood.

The decision to use a superheated, vacuum-isolated graphite core with natural uranium fuel allowed for massive power generation at only 1 / 4th the expense of heavy water reactors, which were more maintenance-intensive and required enriched uranium already earmarked for the Soviet nuclear weapons industry.

* Elbrus 1 ( 1973 ) was the fourth generation Soviet computer, developed by Vsevolod Burtsev.

After the 1970s, most newer generation fighters optimized for maneuvering air combat since the USAF F-15 and Soviet Mikoyan MiG-29 have employed relatively short-span fixed wings with relatively large wing area.

First generation straight-winged F-80C Shooting Star and F-84E / G Thunderjet jet aircraft were shown inadequate against the Soviet MiG-15s.

Anchorage was a common stopover for passengers flying to East Asia from the 1960s to the 1980s because Chinese and Soviet airspace were off-limits and because the first generation of jets and widebody airliners did not have the range to fly nonstop across the Pacific Ocean.

After the deaths of three elderly Soviet leaders in a row since 1982, the Politburo elected Gorbachev Soviet Communist Party chief in 1985, marking the rise of a new generation of leadership.

It became clear that the next generation of Soviet tanks would have increased firepower and protection.

While the older generation of intelligentsia has attempted to frame themselves as victims, the younger generation, who was in their 30s when the Soviet Union collapsed, has not allocated so much space for the repressive experience in their self-narratives.

In 1971, in view of the inferiority of the AMX 30 in comparison to the new generation of Soviet tanks about to be introduced, the Direction des Armements Terrestres ordered the beginning of the Char Futur project.

In an obituary in The New York Times, Kennan was described as " the American diplomat who did more than any other envoy of his generation to shape United States policy during the cold war " to whom " the White House and the Pentagon turned when they sought to understand the Soviet Union after World War II.

He is certainly representative of a Western pre-war generation that became disillusioned with Marxism, especially in its Soviet form.

She acted as a bridge between the old guard of dissidents, and the new generation that were arising as the Soviet Union dissolved.

Many of the great generals of the succeeding generation, including his brother Frederick Henry and many of the commanders of the English Civil War learned their trade under his command.

# To raise the next generation of military commanders and officers.

General Jordan then left, Máximo Gómez was returned to his command and a new generation of skilled battle-tested Cuban commanders rose from the ranks, these including Antonio Maceo Grajales, José Maceo, Calixto García, Vicente Garcia González and Federico Fernández Cavada.

Having been a prime mover in establishing a tradition of palaeoanthropological inquiry, he was able to motivate the next generation to continue it, notably within his own family, many of whom also became prominent.

Programmers of early 1950s computers, notably UNIVAC I and IBM 701, used machine language programs, that is, the first generation language ( 1GL ).

However, he also enjoyed personal and artistic support from a new generation of Russian performers, notably Sviatoslav Richter and Mstislav Rostropovich and for the latter he composed his Symphony-Concerto.

Tertullian actively advocated traducianism ( that is, the parental generation of souls ), while some of the later Fathers — most notably Saint Augustine, at the outbreak of Pelagianism — began to question the creation by God of individual souls and to incline to the opposite opinion, which seemed to facilitate the explanation of the transmission of original sin.

A new generation of guns, notably the British 105 mm Royal Ordnance L7, were able to cope with newer tanks, but it appeared that in another generation the guns needed would be too large to be practical.

Most notably spallation is believed to be responsible for the generation of almost all of < sup > 3 </ sup > He and the elements lithium, beryllium and boron ( some and are thought to have been produced in the Big Bang ).

During the 1990s, various American and Scottish publishers ( most notably Rebel Inc .) reissued his originally pseudonymous Olympia Press novels and a retrospective of his articles for Merlin and others, A Life in Pieces ( 1997 ), was issued in response to revived interest in his life and work by a younger generation.

Significant emphasis was also placed on town planning, with new conservation areas introduced and a new generation of new towns built, notably Milton Keynes – this trend itself a continuation of efforts initiated in the latter years of the preceding Conservative administration.

A brief resurgence of production beginning in the early 1970s yielded the Mutual Broadcasting System's The Zero Hour ( hosted by Rod Serling ), National Public Radio's Earplay, and veteran Himan Brown's CBS Radio Mystery Theater and General Mills Radio Adventure Theater, later followed by the Sears / Mutual Radio Theater, The National Radio Theater of Chicago, NPR Playhouse, a newly produced episode of the former 1950s series X Minus One, and works by a new generation of dramatists, notably Yuri Rasovsky, Thomas Lopez of ZBS and the dramatic sketches heard on humorist Garrison Keillor's A Prairie Home Companion.

As a result, the books were frequently smuggled into the States, where they would prove to be a major influence on the new Beat generation of American writers ( most notably Jack Kerouac ) some of whom would adopt stylistic and thematic principles found in Miller's oeuvre.

Shaped by both Golden Age writers such as Francisco de Quevedo and, like many Spanish poets of his era, by European vanguard movements, notably by Surrealism, he joined a generation of socially conscious Spanish authors concerned with workers rights.

His projects included Chiswick House, Stowe, Buckinghamshire, from about 1730 onwards, designs for Alexander Pope's villa garden at Twickenham, for Queen Caroline at Richmond and notably at Rousham House, Oxfordshire, where he created a sequence of Arcadian set-pieces punctuated with temples, cascades, grottoes, Palladian bridges and exedra, opening the field for the larger scale achievements of Capability Brown in the following generation.

Similar characterisation, and format for their show, was more notably seen in the American series The Monkees and US media reported that S Club 7 were " The Monkees for the next generation ".

Following Jijé's lead in the 1940s, Franquin coached a younger generation of cartoonists in the 1950s, notably Jean Roba, Jidéhem and Greg, who all worked with him on Spirou et Fantasio.

A second generation of European Documentalists emerged after the Second World War, most notably Suzanne Briet.

In the late 70s and early 80s, there was a new sound emerging with up and coming groups like McAllen's Espejismo, led by songwriter / lead singer Rudy Valdez, and more notably Brownsville natives Joe Lopez, Jimmy Gonzalez y El Grupo Mazz introduced the keyboard sound to Tejano which was influenced by the Disco sound of the era, and during that period, La Mafia became the first Tejano band to put on Rock Style shows for their generation.

John Antill and Peter Sculthorpe began to incorporate elements of Aboriginal music, and Richard Meale drew influence from south-east Asia ( notably using the harmonic properties of the Balinese Gamelan, as had Percy Grainger in an earlier generation ).

By the early 1890s, Steinitz's approach was widely accepted and the next generation of top players acknowledged their debt to him, most notably his successor as world champion, Emanuel Lasker.

A new generation of innovative poets has also sprung up in the wake of the Revival grouping, notably Caroline Bergvall, Tony Lopez, Allen Fisher and Denise Riley.

Most notably, it has conditionals and iterative loops which are applied at the parsing stage and may be used to conditionally and programmatically construct the makefile, including generation of targets at runtime.

However, notable Christian theologians rejected Aristotelian theological influence, especially the first generation of Christian Reformers and most notably Martin Luther.

This technique, known as " soak stain " was used by Jackson Pollock ( 1912 – 1956 ), and others ; and was adopted by other artists notably Morris Louis ( 1912 – 1962 ), and Kenneth Noland ( 1924 – 2010 ), and launched the second generation of the Color Field school of painting.