Alternate history or alternative history is a genre of fiction consisting of stories that are set in worlds in which history has diverged from the actual history of the world.

This collection of short Latin verse texts and accompanying woodcuts created an entire European genre, the emblem book, which attained enormous popularity in continental Europe and Great Britain.

Beginning with the advent of beat match DJ ' ing, in which Bronx DJs ( Disc Jockeys ) including Grandmaster Flash, Afrika Bambaataa and DJ Kool Herc extended the breaks of funk records, a major new musical genre emerged that sought to isolate the percussion breaks of hit funk, disco and soul songs.

The namesake of the board game, gameboards would seem to be a necessary and sufficient condition of the genre, though card games that do not use a standard deck of cards ( as well as games which use neither cards nor a gameboard ) are often colloquially included.

The genre of novellas under which Esther falls was common during both the Persian and Hellenistic periods to which scholars have dated the book of Esther.

The work is probably based on the older Mesopotamian genre of the " city lament ", of which the Lament for Ur is among the oldest and best-known.

While the book is relatively short it includes lament ( 1. 8-16 ; 7. 8-10 ), theophany ( 1. 3-4 ), hymnic prayer of petition and confidence ( 7. 14-20 ), and the " covenant lawsuit " ( 6. 1-8 ), a distinct genre in which Yahweh ( God ) sues Israel for breach of contract, that is, for violation of the Sinai covenant.

A further development was the evolution of the blues ballad, which mixed the genre with Afro-American music.

In literary criticism, a Bildungsroman (; ) or coming-of-age story is a literary genre that focuses on the psychological and moral growth of the protagonist from youth to adulthood ( coming of age ), and in which character change is thus extremely important.

During this decade Mozart composed his most famous operas, his six late symphonies which helped to redefine the genre, and a string of piano concerti which still stand at the pinnacle of these forms.

Comedy film is a genre of film in which the main emphasis is on humour.

Love's varying genre interests were illustrated in a 1991 interview, in which she stated: " There's a part of me that wants to have a grindcore band and another that wants to have a Raspberries-type pop band.

The remix featured a prominent Ofra Haza sample and many other vocal cut ups as well as a looped rhythm which, when speeded up, became a staple of the breakbeats genre.

Other live-music genre which are part of the city's cultural heritage include Chicago blues, Chicago soul, jazz, and gospel.

He is considered a master of still life, and is also noted for his genre paintings which depict kitchen maids, children, and domestic activities.

Chardin frequently painted replicas of his compositions — especially his genre paintings, nearly all of which exist in multiple versions which in many cases are virtually indistinguishable.

This compilation of a dozen accounts ( half of which, including the case of Morgan, had been previously published ) stands as a landmark work, a Puritan precursor of the true-crime miscellanies that, stripped of all religious intent, would become a staple of the genre in subsequent centuries.

Smith's most celebrated short story is his first-published, " Scanners Live in Vain ", which led many of its earliest readers to assume that " Cordwainer Smith " was a new pen name for one of the established giants of the genre.

Big Shot, the fictional news source within Cowboy Bebop which provides information on various bounty heads, is a parody of the Western genre.

Episodes are called " sessions ", each of which follows a different musical theme, and episode titles are borrowed from notable album or song names ( e. g. " Sympathy for the Devil ", " Bohemian Rhapsody ", " Honky Tonk Women ", " My Funny Valentine ") or make use of a genre name (" Mushroom Samba ", " Heavy Metal Queen ").

Some critics have suggested that unlike CCM and older Christian rock, Christian alternative rock generally emphasizes musical style over lyrical content as a defining genre characteristic, though the degree to which the faith appears in the music varies from artist to artist.

Generic conventions, which are very closely tied to a particular artistic genre, and may even help to define what that genre is.

Not long after, Bosschaert had married and established himself as a leading figure in the fashionable floral painting genre.

This had been the most important writing that Alexander had claimed, and had been the earliest in genre.

Though the progressive rock genre was beginning to decrease in popularity, concept albums had become a medium that continued.

The band's music had evolved much in a short time, moving away from hardcore formulas toward a more innovative jazz-informed style, featuring musicianship and dynamics far beyond other bands in the genre ( thus effectively removing the music from that genre ).

In earlier years the band had criticized neo-Nazi skinheads for trying to ruin the punk scene, but just as big a problem was the increasing popularity of thrash metal and stereotypical macho " post-1982 hardcore " which brought the group ( and their genre ) an audience that had little to do with the ideas / ideals they stood for.

Other films in this genre were, Khote Sikkay ( 1973 ), Mera Gaon Mera Desh ( 1971 ), and Kuchhe Dhaage ( 1973 ) both by Raj Khosla, the latter inspired the blockbuster, Sholay ( 1975 ) had the character of Gabbar Singh played by Amjad Khan.

Aeschylus and Sophocles were innovative, but Euripides had arrived at a position in the " ever-changing genre " where he could move easily between tragic, comic, romantic and political effects, a versatility that appears in individual plays and also over the course of his career.

The associated rave scene this genre helped to spawn had major ramifications for the art house cinema that was to come out of Germany for the next twenty years.

D. W. Griffith made a small number of the latter type of film in his first two years at Biograph, but had little interest or aptitude for the genre.

Among those films not themselves considered film noirs, perhaps none had a greater effect on the development of the genre than America's own Citizen Kane ( 1941 ), the landmark motion picture directed by Orson Welles.

After the genre had started to go out of fashion with mainstream audiences in 1981, the mod revival scene went underground and successfully reinvented itself through a series of clubs, bands and fanzines that breathed fresh life into the genre, culminating in another burst of creative acceptance in 1985.

By the Victorian era Gothic had ceased to be the dominant genre and was dismissed by most critics ( in fact the form's popularity as an established genre had already begun to erode with the success of the historical romance popularised by Sir Walter Scott ).

Charanjit Singh's Synthesizing: Ten Ragas to a Disco Beat ( 1982 ) anticipated the sounds of acid house music, but is not known to have had any influence on the genre prior to its rediscovery in the 21st century.

In 1990, he returned to the Cold War political thriller genre with The Fourth War with Roy Scheider ( with whom Frankenheimer had worked previously on 52 Pick-Up ) as a loose cannon Army colonel drawn into a dangerous personal war with a Russian officer.

* " Her stories and novels are humanistic, while her deep concern for male-female ( even human-alien ) harmony ran counter to the developing segregate-the-sexes drive amongst feminist writers ; What her work brought to the genre was a blend of lyricism and inventiveness, as if some lyric poet had rewritten a number of clever SF standards and then passed them on to a psychoanalyst for final polish.

He was an African American pursuing rock, which by the late ' 60s had few minorities because they were increasingly pigeonholed in pre-determined, segregated genre roles based on their racial and ethnic backgrounds ( with Santana and Jimi Hendrix two notable exceptions ).

Dance of Death, also variously called Danse Macabre ( French ), Danza de la Muerte ( Spanish ), Dansa de la Mort ( Catalan ), Danza Macabra ( Italian ), Dança da Morte ( Portuguese ), Totentanz ( German ), Dodendans ( Dutch ), Surmatants ( Estonian ), is an artistic genre of late-medieval allegory on the universality of death: no matter one's station in life, the Dance of Death unites all.

While many critics refer to film noir as a genre itself, others argue that it can be no such thing.

Similarly, while the private eye and the femme fatale are character types conventionally identified with noir, the majority of film noirs feature neither ; so there is no character basis for genre designation as with the gangster film.

Japan made early forays into the horror genre with Bake Jizo and Shinin no Sosei, both made in 1898.

DikuMUD had a key influence on the early evolution of the MMORPG genre, with EverQuest ( created by avid DikuMUD player Brad McQuaid ) displaying such Diku-like gameplay that Verant developers were made to issue a sworn statement that no actual DikuMUD code was incorporated.

While there is no authoritative list of the defining characteristics of the screwball comedy genre, films considered to be definitive of the genre usually feature farcical situations, a combination of slapstick with fast-paced repartee and show the struggle between economic classes.

There is no consensus on a precise starting point of the New Wave-Adam Roberts refers to Alfred Bester as having singlehandedly invented the genre, and in the introduction to a collection of Leigh Brackett's short fiction, Michael Moorcock referred to her as one of the genre's " true godmothers ".

Trip hop developed into a diversified genre that is no longer limited to the " deep, dark style " of the early years, eliminating the original impression of trip hop as " dark and gloomy ".

Newly created haikai no renga ( of whose hokku, or opening verse, haiku was a late 19th-century revision ) was the favored genre.

The term itself describes games where jumping on platforms is an integral part of the gameplay, and came into use some time after the genre had been established, but no later than 1983.

French has no distinction in noun: " sexe ", but the distinction is supplied by the neologistic coinage " genre ".

The genre covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game show or quiz shows which resemble the frantic, Japanese variety shows produced in Japan in the 1980s and 1990s ( such as Gaki no tsukai ), to surveillance-or voyeurism-focused productions such as Big Brother.

John Frederick Lewis, who lived for several years in a traditional mansion in Cairo, painted highly detailed works showing both realistic genre scenes of Middle Eastern life and more idealized scenes in upper class Egyptian interiors with no traces of Western cultural influence yet apparent.

Devitt focused on activity system of genre and that the participants situation, contexts and text are all mutually created " no one aspect fully determines the other.

Kaze to Ki no Uta was groundbreaking in its depictions of " openly sexual relationships ", spurring the development of the Boys Love genre in shōjo manga, and the development of sexually explicit amateur comics.

" In 2004, Classic Rocks Jon Hotten wrote: " That genre thing has been a bugbear of Marillion's, but it no longer seems relevant.

Reggaeton has become a Latin American phenomenon and is no longer classifiable as a Panamanian ( or even a Puerto Rican ) genre.

" Indeed, the song " Do You Believe In Magic ," a Top Ten hit, mentioned the genre in its lyrics: " If you believe in magic, don't bother to choose / If it's jug band music or rhythm and blues / Just go and listen, it'll start with a smile / That won't wipe off your face no matter how hard you try.

Nueva canción has become part of the Latin American and Iberian musical canon but is no longer a mainstream genre, and has given way to other genres, particularly Rock en español.

Some critics claim that the shotacon genre contributes to actual sexual abuse of children, while others point out that there is no evidence for this, or that there is evidence to the contrary.

In the second edition of his book, Improvisation ..., Bailey indicated that he felt that free improvisation was no longer " non-idiomatic " in his sense of the word, as it had become a recognizable genre and musical style itself.

As a musical genre, Doo-wop is a type of vocal group harmony with the musical qualities of many vocal parts, nonsense syllables, a simple beat, little or no instrumentation, and simple music and lyrics.