According to Iranian author Nabipour I., in medieval Persia, Avicenna ( 980-1037 ) provided a detailed account on diabetes mellitus in The Canon of Medicine ( c. 1025 ), " describing the abnormal appetite and the collapse of sexual functions and he documented the sweet taste of diabetic urine.

Other material from Thomas of Elmham, Gervase of Canterbury, and William of Malmesbury, later medieval chroniclers, adds little to Bede's account of Justus ' life.

It refers to late medieval navigation jargon, when captains of the Hanseatic trading fleets would compare the Danish Straits to a hole so narrow that even a cat would have difficulty squeezing its way through on account of the many reefs and shallow waters.

A modern version of theses medieval chains is seen in the Faroese chain dance, the earliest account of which goes back only to the 17th century.

Almost all of the dedications have their origins in the medieval era, after the account of Ailred was written.

* In some medieval Greek and Latin sources, theologia ( in the sense of " an account or record of the ways of God ") could refer simply to the Bible.

The medieval chronicler Jean Froissart left the following account of John's last actions:

He was the father of Elffin ap Gwyddno, the foster-father of the famous Welsh poet, Taliesin, in the legendary account given in the late medieval Chwedl Taliesin ( Ystoria Taliesin / Hanes Taliesin ; " The Tale of Taliesin ").

Commonly regarded as the key figure of medieval Rus, Alexander was the grandson of Vsevolod the Big Nest and rose to legendary status on account of his military victories over the German and Swedish invaders while accepting to pay tribute to the powerful Golden Horde.

During the course of his studies, he amassed a collection of medieval histories, which inspired in him the idea for a popular account of English history modelled on the Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum ( Ecclesiastical History of the English People ) of Bede.

This claim is supported by the medieval Georgian historical account by Leonti Mroveli, who writes:

In the social stratification of medieval Malabar, Saint Thomas Christians succeeded in relating their social status with that of upper-caste Hindus on account of their numerical strength and influence and observance of many Brahmin customs.

No account of the iron maiden has been found earlier than 1793, although medieval torture devices were elaborately catalogued with horrified fascination and reproduced during the 19th century for collectors of the macabre.

The survey has been widely praised, described as " brilliant and exhaustive " by military historian D. J. Cathcart King in 1949 and " perhaps the finest account of the archaeology and history of a single medieval castle ever written " by historian Hugh Kennedy in 1994.

While evaluating the size of the population of late medieval Poland, one should take into account the development of internal colonisation and the migration of Polish people to Red Ruthenia, Zips, Orava and Podlasia, whom Ukrainians called the " Mazury ", poor peasant migrants, chiefly from Mazowsze.

Historical accounts, quoting from the writings of the medieval historian Templar of Tyre, often give a dramatic account of the three Christian rulers ( Hethum, Bohemond, and the Mongol general Kitbuqa ) entering the city of Damascus together in triumph, though modern historians have questioned this story as apocryphal.

Angus Donal Stewart points out that the source of the tradition, a medieval account by the Armenian historian Nerses Balients, does not match with any other accounts by any other historians of the time period, and was simply written as Armenian propaganda of the time.

Parallels have been pointed out between the description of Urðarbrunnr at the base of the world tree Yggdrasil and Christian medieval chronicler Adam of Bremen's account of a well at the base of a sacred tree at the Temple at Uppsala, Sweden, found in his 11th century work Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum.

In medieval Europe, when the only coin in circulation was the silver penny ( denarius ), the solidus was used as a unit of account equal to 12 denarii.

* Lludd and Llefelys medieval Welsh account of the fall of British London

Although in 790, the churchly account already lists possessions " ad Trun " and some medieval defence constructions are known in the surroundings since the 10th century, Trauwenstein itself was firstly mentioned in a scripture of the monastery Baumburg in the year 1245.

He does this by returning to the tradition of Aristotelian ethics with its teleological account of the good and moral persons, which was originally rejected by the Enlightenment and which reached a fuller articulation in the medieval writings of Thomas Aquinas.

Such medieval accounts as were known are either legendary or hagiographical, such as the account in Fihrist by Ibn al-Nadim, purportedly by al-Biruni, or were anti-Manichaean polemics, such as the 4th century Acta Archelai.

Among these medieval accounts, Ibn al-Nadim's account of Mani's life and teachings is generally speaking the most reliable and exhaustive.

Despite its pagan links, the statue remained standing well into the medieval era and was credited with magical powers.

Subway to Sally, seen here performing live at the 2005 Sundstock Openair, has been credited as setting off medieval metal.

With chart success in their native Germany, they have since been credited as the band " that set off the wave of what is known as medieval rock.

Besides accomplishments in architecture, Brunelleschi is also credited with inventing one-point linear perspective which revolutionized painting and allowed for naturalistic styles to develop as the Renaissance digressed from the stylized figures of medieval art.

According to Armenian medieval historians Movses Khorenatsi, Movses Kaghankatvatsi and Koryun, the Caucasian Albanian ( the Armenian name for the language is Aghvank, the native name of the language is unknown ) alphabet was created by Mesrob Mashtots, the Armenian monk, theologian and translator who is also credited with creating the Armenian and Georgian alphabets.

During the 15th century, Vlad III, Prince of Wallachia, is credited as the first notable figure to prefer this method of execution during the late medieval period, and became so notorious for its liberal employment that among his several nicknames he was known as Vlad the Impaler.

Although often credited with prehistoric origin, most were erected in medieval times, and some in later centuries.

Pharnavaz I (, also spelled P ' arnaoz, P ' arnavaz, P ' arnawaz, or Farnavaz ) was the first king of Kartli, an ancient Georgian kingdom known as Iberia to the Classical sources, who is credited by the medieval Georgian written tradition with founding the kingship of Kartli and the Parnavaziani dynasty.

Ramon Llull ( 13th century ), one of the major medieval writers in the Catalan language is not only saluted for starting a Catalan literary tradition clearly separated from the Occitan-speaking world of the time, but also credited with enriching the language with his coining of a large number of words, and his philosophy.

Just as Virgil, in the Aeneid, credited the founding of Ancient Rome to exiles from a defeated Troy, so later English writers such as William Caxton and Raphael Holinshed, adapting the medieval pseudo-history of the Welsh-Norman author Geoffrey of Monmouth, credited another band of Trojan exiles for the foundation of a British realm.

Although credited uncritically well into the 16th century, since the 17th century it has been credited with little value as history-when events described, such as Julius Caesar's invasions of Britain, can be corroborated from contemporary histories, Geoffrey's account can be seen to be wildly inaccurate-but it remains a valuable piece of medieval literature, which contains the earliest known version of the story of King Lear and his three daughters, and introduced non-Welsh-speakers to the legend of King Arthur.

He is credited as one of the great influences on the Japanese tea ceremony, and renowned as one of medieval Japan's greatest calligraphers and sumi-e artists.

Matteo di Brunisend is generally credited as the main architect of the medieval period, with his date of activity given as 1239, but in fact his contribution may have been little more than the design of the central ocular window.

He is generally credited with the formulation of a Christian socialist form of the medieval guild, as an alternative basis for economic life.

It originally had 72 Byzantine and medieval churches, of which 54 have survived, including St Athanasius of Mouzaki.

Written in Greek by Claudius Ptolemy, a Roman era scholar of Egypt, it is one of the most influential scientific texts of all time, with its geocentric model accepted for more than twelve hundred years from its origin in Hellenistic Alexandria, in the medieval Byzantine and Islamic worlds, and in Western Europe through the Middle Ages and early Renaissance until Copernicus.

Bagram ( ), founded as Alexandria on the Caucasus and known in medieval times as Kapisa, is a small town and seat in Bagram District in Parwan Province of Afghanistan, about 60 kilometers north of the capital Kabul.

In the medieval Islamic world ( 632-1280 ), the use of water clocks has its roots from Archimedes during the rise of Alexandria in Egypt and continues on through Byzantium.

Alexander had also established several colonies in neighbouring Bactria, such as Alexandria on the Oxus ( modern Ai-Khanoum ) and Alexandria of the Caucasus ( medieval Kapisa, modern Bagram ).

The urban continuity of Constantinople is the outstanding example of the Mediterranean world ; of the two great cities of lesser rank, Antioch was devastated by the Persian sack of 540, followed by the plague of Justinian ( 542 onwards ) and completed by earthquake, while Alexandria survived its Islamic transformation, to suffer incremental decline in favour of Cairo in the medieval period.

Alexandria on the Caucasus ( medieval Kapisa, modern Bagram ) was a colony of Alexander the Great ( one of many colonies designated with the name Alexandria ).

In 906, by commission from Simeon I, the author translated Четири слова против арианите ( Four Epistles against the Arians ) by St. Atanassius of Alexandria, as a response to the beginning of the spread of heresies in medieval Bulgaria.

Alexandria, Constantinople, and many medieval Italian city-states saw Athens as their cultural ideal, and built complex civilisations on reviving Athenian values.

In medieval times, Rhodes was an important Byzantine trading post, as also a crossroads for ships sailing between Constantinople and Alexandria.