The waveguide directs the extracted RF energy to the load, which may be a cooking chamber in a microwave oven or a high-gain antenna in the case of radar.

The beam has to have a large diameter so that only a small portion of the beam misses the sail due to diffraction and the laser or microwave antenna has to have a good pointing stability so that the craft can tilt its sails fast enough to follow the center of the beam.

* A two-channel microwave radiometer of the crystal video type operating in the standard Dicke mode of chopping between the main antenna, pointed at the target, and a reference horn pointed at cold space.

The microwave radiometer, the infrared radiometer and the radiometer reference horns were rigidly mounted to a 48 cm diameter parabolic radiometer antenna mounted near the bottom of the mast.

A microwave radiometer and an infrared radiometer and the radiometer reference horns were rigidly mounted to a 48 cm diameter parabolic radiometer antenna mounted near the bottom of the mast.

In telecommunication, aperture-to-medium coupling loss is the difference between the theoretical antenna gain of a very large antenna, such as the antennas in beyond-the-horizon microwave links, and the gain that can be realized in practice.

Radar corner reflectors are designed to reflect the microwave radio waves emitted by radar sets back toward the radar antenna.

There are a number of devices that can achieve this objective, ranging from a large low-inductance capacitor bank discharged into a single-loop antenna or a microwave generator to an explosively pumped flux compression generator.

To achieve the frequency characteristics of the pulse needed for optimal coupling into the target, wave-shaping circuits and / or microwave generators are added between the pulse source and the antenna.

In point-to-point microwave antennas, a " high performance " antenna usually has a higher front to back ratio than other antennas.

Other factors affecting the front to back ratio of a parabolic microwave antenna include the material of the dish and the precision with which the reflector itself was formed.

Since the 1980s, versions for use at microwave frequencies have been made with patch antenna elements mounted in front of a metal surface.

In microwave electrosurgery an antenna that is placed directly into tissue may not always have an optimal match with the feedline resulting in an SWR.

The general principle underlying all the devices is that a microwave antenna that resides in a urethral catheter is placed in the intraprostatic area of the urethra.

By October 2011, the radar antenna arrays had been dismantled and removed from the deactivated station, but microwave towers and various buildings remained.

The proposed device uses beam-powered propulsion in the form of a high-power microwave antenna pushing a sail.

The antenna uses a microwave lens 560 km in diameter, would transmit 56 GW of power, and would accelerate the probe to 10 % of the speed of light.

At such extreme long range the antenna would be unable to provide any propulsion, but Starwisp would be able to use its wire sail to collect and convert some of the microwave energy into electricity to operate its sensors and transmit the data it collects back home.

Especially at microwave frequencies, a receiving antenna may include not only the actual electrical antenna but an integrated preamplifier or mixer.

Since the size of a directional antenna depends on it being large compared to the wavelength, very directional antennas of this sort are mainly feasible at UHF and microwave frequencies.

* Algorithm and spreadsheet for making a simple paraboloid: Design and make a paraboloid for use as a solar concentrator, sound mirror or microwave antenna.

Reception of BRS-delivered television and data signals is done with a rooftop microwave antenna.

This involves the application of a strong magnetic field to the radical vapor, which shifts the low-frequency spectra to a conveniently high microwave range, where they may be measured with optimum sensitivity.

Because of this choice of frequency band, 802. 11b and g equipment may occasionally suffer interference from microwave ovens, cordless telephones and Bluetooth devices.

The far-infrared, approximately 400 – 10 cm < sup >− 1 </ sup > ( 25 – 1000 μm ), lying adjacent to the microwave region, has low energy and may be used for rotational spectroscopy.

Apparatus and techniques may be described qualitatively as " microwave " when the wavelengths of signals are roughly the same as the dimensions of the equipment, so that lumped-element circuit theory is inaccurate.

Amenities offered have also changed, with motels that once touted color television as a luxury now emphasising wireless internet, flatscreen television, pay-per-view or in-room movies, microwave ovens and minibar fridges in rooms which may be reserved online using credit cards and secured against intruders with key cards which expire as soon as a client checks out.

Energy may be an eventual export item for space settlements, perhaps using wireless power transmission e. g. via microwave beams to send power to Earth or the Moon.

Power might also be transmitted by changing electromagnetic fields or by radio waves ; microwave energy may be carried efficiently over short distances by a waveguide.

For example, an unshrouded 38 GHz microwave dish may have a front to back ratio of 64 dB, while the same size reflector equipped with a shroud would have a front to back ratio of 70 dB.

A microwave radiometer corrects any delay that may be caused by water vapor in the atmosphere.

However, additional kinds of heat sources can be added to microwave packaging, or into combination microwave ovens, to produce these other heating effects, and microwave heating may cut the overall time needed to prepare such dishes.

Long-term rodent studies to assess cancer risk have so far failed to identify any carcinogenicity from microwave radiation even with chronic exposure levels, i. e., large fraction of one's life span, far larger than humans are likely to encounter from any leaking ovens .< ref > However, with the oven door open, the radiation may cause damage by heating.

Other electromagnetic wave detectors such as microwave and ultraviolet spectrum sensors may also be used, but are uncommon.

* 1948-Ralph Alpher and Robert Herman estimate " the temperature in the Universe " at 5 K. Although they do not specifically mention microwave background radiation, it may be inferred.

Photons involved in transitions may have energy of various ranges in the electromagnetic spectrum, such as X-ray, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, or microwave radiation, depending on the type of transition.

Lutefisk sold in North America may also be cooked in a microwave oven.

Networks of stations may simulcast the same programming at the same time, originally via microwave link, now usually by satellite.

Observations that may distinguish between the ekpyrotic and inflationary models include polarization of the cosmic microwave background radiation and frequency distribution of the gravitational wave spectrum.

Ambient radiation heats dust and re-emits radiation into the microwave band, which may distort the cosmic microwave background power spectrum.

When a body is heated at constant temperature by thermal radiation in a microwave field for example, it may expand by an amount described by its latent heat with respect to volume or latent heat of expansion, or increase its pressure by an amount described by its latent heat with respect to pressure.

White goods / major appliances comprise major household appliances and may include: air conditioner, dishwasher, clothes dryer, drying cabinet, freezer, refrigerator, kitchen stove, water heater, washing machine, trash compactor, microwave ovens and induction cookers.