The naturalistic study of Lowe and Fisher compared the emotional reactivity and emotional eating of normal and overweight female college students.

While other methods of research — case study, interview, and naturalistic observation — are used by psychologists, the method of randomized experimentation remains the preferred method for testing hypotheses in scientific psychology.

The only ones with any significant number of speakers are Ido, an Esperanto reform, and Interlingua, an independent " naturalistic " creation that aims to be intelligible without study to a European polyglot.

He devoted himself especially to the study of natural science, and increased the naturalistic elements in Aristotle's thought to such an extent, that he denied the need for an active god to construct the universe, preferring to place the government of the universe in the unconscious force of nature alone.

A naturalistic study published in 1999 with an average follow up time of 21 months showed that 6 of 98 children and adolescents prescribed methylphenidate in an outpatient clinic developed psychotic symptoms at therapeutic dosages ( the exception being a 17 year old on 80 mg daily ), with most improving after drug cessation ; however, the lack of a control group makes it impossible to attribute these effects to the medication.

* Jones & Yarbrough ( 1985 ), A naturalistic study of the meanings of touch.

He said that the Creationary account of origins could never have been developed as a hypothesis from the study of nature alone, rather it was " suggested by our religion .” In choosing between " the two alternatives now before the world ," naturalistic geology versus world-catastrophe, there was but one suitable inquiry: " Will it give the most rational account nature ’ s evidence?

Nevertheless, the difference between the naturalistic fallacy and the fact-value distinction is derived from the manner in which modern social science has used the fact-value distinction, and not the strict naturalistic fallacy to articulate new fields of study and create academic disciplines.

: Enthusiasm for the naturalistic study of nature picked up in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries as more and more Christians turned their attention to discovering the so-called secondary causes that God employed in operating the world.

In the decades following the Civil War American sculptors began more and more to go to Paris to study — falling in with the more naturalistic and dramatic style exemplified by the works of Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux ( 1827 – 1875 ) and Antoine-Louis Barye ( 1796 – 1875 ) and other French sculptors.

He portrayed a more naturalistic landscape than previously, one that was anchored in careful study and with an immediacy made possible through open-air painting.

During a period of study in Italy, from 1856 to 1858, he was influenced by Arnold Böcklin and Franz Lenbach in the direction of a naturalistic style in sculpture.

Her body has been sculpted with attention to naturalistic detail: the deep navel, structured abdomen, " softly modeled pubic area " the recurve of the outline of the hips beneath the iliac crest and the bony structure of the legs with distinct knee caps all suggest " an artistic skill that is almost certainly derived from observed study ".

Michael Martin challenges the argument from conscience with a naturalistic account of conscience, arguing that naturalism provides as adequate explanation for the conscience with the need for God's existence.

He rejects the idea of the naturalistic fallacy as the idea that ethics is in some free-floating realm, writing that the fallacy is to rush from facts to values.

In the United States the response was from the famous strip cartoon artist Winsor McCay, who drew much more realistic animated figures going through smoother, more naturalistic motion in a series of films starting with the film Little Nemo, made for Vitagraph in 1911.

It ranks among the top three most widely used IALs ( after Esperanto and perhaps Ido ), and is the most widely used naturalistic IAL: in other words, its vocabulary, grammar and other characteristics are largely derived from natural languages.

This finally convinced supporters of the systematic languages, and IALA from that point assumed the position that a naturalistic language would be best.

The approach has several features that make it unique: the models are implemented as computer programs, which enables clear-cut and quantitative predictions to be made ; they learn from naturalistic input, made of actual child-directed utterances ; they produce actual utterances, which can be compared with children's utterances ; and they have simulated phenomena in several languages, including English, Spanish, and German.

The New Age movement includes elements of older spiritual and religious traditions ranging from atheism and monotheism through classical pantheism, naturalistic pantheism, pandeism, panentheism, and polytheism combined with science and Gaia philosophy ; particularly archaeoastronomy, astronomy, ecology, environmentalism, the Gaia hypothesis, psychology and physics.

The naturalistic fallacy is related to ( and even confused with ) the is – ought problem, which comes from Hume's Treatise.

The term " naturalistic fallacy " is also sometimes used to describe the deduction of an " ought " from an " is " ( the Is – ought problem ), and has inspired the use of mutually reinforcing terminology which describes the converse ( deducing an " is " from an " ought ") either as the " reverse naturalistic fallacy " or as the moralistic fallacy.

An example of a naturalistic fallacy in this sense would be to conclude Social Darwinism from the theory of evolution by natural selection, and of the reverse naturalistic fallacy to argue that the amorality of survival of the fittest implies the theory of evolution is false.

Views such as this, however, are often criticized as examples of the naturalistic fallacy, when reasoning jumps from descriptions about what is to prescriptions about what ought to be.

He also moved away from the International Gothic style and elaborate ornamentation of artists like Gentile da Fabriano to a more naturalistic mode that employed perspective and chiaroscuro for greater realism.

He is accused of committing the naturalistic fallacy, because he is trying to deduce what people ought to do from what they do in fact do ; the fallacy of equivocation, because he moves from the fact that something is desirable ( 1 ), i. e. is capable of being desired, to the claim that it is desirable ( 2 ), i. e. that it ought to be desired ; and the fallacy of composition, because the fact that people desire their own happiness does not imply that the aggregate of all persons will desire the general happiness.

In religion, emergence grounds expressions of religious naturalism in which a sense of the sacred is perceived in the workings of entirely naturalistic processes by which more complex forms arise or evolve from simpler forms.

In Georges Dumézil's view, Jovian theology ( and that of the equivalent gods in other Indo-European religions ) is an evolution from a naturalistic, supreme, celestial god identified with heaven to a sovereign god, a wielder of lightning bolts, master and protector of the community ( in other words, of a change from a naturalistic approach to the world of the divine to a socio-political approach ).

She commissioned works such as terracotta busts of the kings and queens of England from Michael Rysbrack, and supervised a more naturalistic design of the royal gardens by William Kent and Charles Bridgeman.

In it he first wrote about what he called the naturalistic fallacy.

In it, Husserl for the first time attempts a historical overview of the development of Western philosophy and science, emphasizing the challenges presented by their increasingly ( one-sidedly ) empirical and naturalistic orientation.

He redesigned the house in the style of a villa and had the gardens laid out in the latest Dutch fashion creating what was almost certainly Ireland's first naturalistic garden.

A longstanding Jewish position is that unbroken seventh-day shabbat originated among the Jewish people, as their first and most sacred institution, whether this Mosaic tradition preserves an origin in special creation, or whether it indicates some obscure later naturalistic origin.

Under the influence of this work ( and the ideas of Georg Gottfried Gervinus, according to whom " the highest natural object of musical imitation is emotion, and the method of imitating emotion is to mimic speech "), Mussorgsky in 1868 rapidly set the first eleven scenes of Nikolai Gogol's The Marriage ( Zhenitba ), with his priority being to render into music the natural accents and patterns of the play's naturalistic and deliberately humdrum dialogue.

" It was one of the first naturalistic zoos in the United States.

From his first performance, Garrick departed from the bombastic style that had been popular, choosing instead a more relaxed, naturalistic style that biographer Alan Kendall states " would probably seem quite normal to us today, but it was new and strange for his day.

Inspired by Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where a cemetery in a naturalistic park-like landscape in the English manner was first established, Green-Wood was able to take advantage of the varied topography provided by glacial moraines.

It is not because he gave a cosmogony that John Burnet calls him the " first man of science ," but because he gave a naturalistic explanation of the cosmos and supported it with reasons.

After Fierro leaves the woman at the first ranch they see, he goes on to an encounter that raises the story from the level of the mildly naturalistic to the mythic.

He was influenced by Caravaggio's dramatic lighting, monumental figures, naturalistic detail, and momentary action ( illustration, right ), so that he is numbered among the first of the " tenebrists " or " Caravaggisti ".

It is one of a long series of " prodigal son " plays that reach back as far as the Bible for inspiration and precedent ; but it is also an example of the evolving Elizabethian genre of domestic dramas, and " one of the first naturalistic dramas in English ".

The term was first used in 1877 to distinguish between scientific and naturalistic impressionism, and in 1889 when Gauguin and Emile Schuffenecker organized an Exposition de peintures du groupe impressioniste et synthétiste in the Café Volpini at the Exposition Universelle in Paris.

He or she can readily put to use what is learned, as can the child learning its first language, so lots of naturalistic practice is possible.

Lola reappears in the naturalistic drama Model Shop ( 1969 ), his first American film, starring Gary Lockwood as a confused young architect navigating the streets of Los Angeles looking for love and meaning in life.

On one hand, he was also responsible for recruiting the Yiddish theater's first naturalistic playwright, Jacob Gordin, and he scored a great triumph in the title role of Gordin's Der Yiddisher King Lear ( The Jewish King Lear ), set in 19th-century Russia.

The first is the " naturalistic " way of understanding evolution as " explicable entirely in terms of natural law without reference to a divine intention or intervention.

Camp Quest, founded in 1996, is the first residential summer camp in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Norway specifically for the children of nontheistic or freethinking parents ( including atheists, agnostics, secular humanists, skeptics, rationalists, and others who hold a naturalistic worldview ).

It was the first film created under Dogme 95 rules, a movement of young Danish filmmakers who preferred simple production values and naturalistic performances.

The first figure to be discovered was a naturalistic reindeer, almost life size.

Although brief, it was very influential ; northern European kings promoted classical Mediterranean Roman art forms for the first time, while also creating innovative new forms such as naturalistic figure line drawings that would have lasting influence.

In 2003, the first minifigures with naturalistic skin tones ( as opposed to the yellow used until this point ) were released, as part of the Lego Basketball theme ; these minifigures were also created in the likeness of living people.

Interest among those who read it as a child has helped to hike secondhand prices on both sides of the Atlantic, especially for the bound UK and US first editions, with twelve naturalistic line drawings by Philip Gough, a leading illustrator of the time.