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Aachen and its
Geographically, Aachen is the westernmost city of Germany, located along its borders with Belgium and the Netherlands, west of Cologne.
During the Middle Ages, Aachen remained a city of regional importance, due to its proximity to Flanders, achieving a modest position in the trade in woollen cloths, favoured by imperial privilege.
Even in the late 18th century the Abbess of Burtscheid was prevented from building a road linking her territory to the neighbouring estates of the duke of Jülich ; the city of Aachen even deployed its handful of soldiers to chase away the road-diggers.
Aachen became attractive as a spa by the middle of the 17th century, not so much because of the effects of the hot springs on the health of its visitors but because Aachen was then — and remained well into the 19th century — a place of high-level prostitution in Europe.
The city and its fortified sourroundings were encircled 13 September – 16 October 1944 by the US 1st Infantry Division and 3rd Armored Division in conjunction with the US 2nd Armored Division and 30th Infantry Division during the prolonged Battle of Aachen, later reinforced by US 28th Infantry Division elements.
The local football team Alemannia Aachen had a short run-out in Germany's first division, after its promotion in 2006.
Aachen is also famous for its carnival ( Karneval, Fasching ), in which families dress in colorful costumes.
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, one of the founders of modern architecture and the last director of the Bauhaus during its period in Dessau and Berlin was born in Aachen as well.
Around 1439, Gutenberg was involved in a financial misadventure making polished metal mirrors ( which were believed to capture holy light from religious relics ) for sale to pilgrims to Aachen: in 1439 the city was planning to exhibit its collection of relics from Emperor Charlemagne but the event was delayed by one year due to a severe flood and the capital already spent could not be repaid.
* The city of Aachen, Germany, begins adding a Roman numeral Anno Domini date to a few of its coins, the first city in the world to do so.
During the 11th and 12th centuries, the Rheno-Mosan or Mosan art movement flourished in the region moving its centre from Cologne and Trier to Liège, Maastricht and Aachen.
The removal of the crown to Aachen was significant, since it allowed its survival from the ravages of the later English Civil War which involved the destruction of all the main English Crown Jewels.
When KLM exel operated, its head office was on the grounds of Maastricht Aachen Airport in Beek.
Charlemagne built the Palatine Chapel at his palace at Aachen between 789 and its consecration in 805.
The Landkreis Aachen was formed in 1816 from the two French cantons Burtscheid and Eschweiler, with its capital set to the city of Burtscheid.
He is believed to have founded the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics in September 1922 by organizing its first conference in Innsbruck .< ref > He left RWTH Aachen in 1930.
* In 1977, RWTH Aachen University named its newly constructed lecture hall complex " Kármán-Auditorium " in memory of von Kármán's outstanding research contributions at the university's Aeronautical Institute.
In its 2011 and 2012 surveys amongst human resources officers, the Wirtschaftswoche business magazine consistently ranked RWTH Aachen the first in Germany in mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, industrial engineering and natural sciences, with computer science being ranked third in 2011 and second in 2012.
In 2007, in the line of the excellence initiative, RWTH Aachen was chosen by DFG as one of nine German Universities of Excellence for its future concept RWTH 2020: Meeting Global Challenges and additionally won funding for one graduate school and three clusters of excellence.
In 2007, RWTH Aachen was chosen as one of nine German Universities of Excellence for its future concept RWTH 2020: Meeting Global Challenges, earning it the connotation of being an elite university.
It is part of the RWTH Aachen and contains its whole medical faculty.
Needing most of its manpower to stave off German counterattacks and secure the area around Aachen, the 1st Infantry Division was able to earmark only a single regiment for the job of taking the city.
A new forward headquarters, Alsos Forward North ( AFwdN ), was opened at Aachen, and on 8 February the Alsos Mission reopened its forward headquarters in Strasbourg as Alsos Forward South ( AFwdS ).

Aachen and sector
Despite the low quality of many of the troops manning them, the fortifications protecting Aachen and the Ruhr were a formidable obstacle to the progress of American forces, who saw a breakthrough in this sector as crucial, as the terrain behind Aachen was generally flat, and therefore highly favorable to the motorized Allied armies.

Aachen and front
The U. S. commanders ' initial goal was to pin down German forces in the area to keep them from reinforcing the front lines further north in the Battle of Aachen, where the Allies were fighting a trench war between a network of fortified towns and villages connected with field fortifications, tank traps and minefields.
University hospital Aachen, front view
General George S. Patton's Third Army was given the task of occupying the French region of Lorraine, while General Courtney Hodges's First Army was ordered to break through the front near Aachen.

Aachen and were
Over the next 500 years, most kings of Germany destined to reign over the Holy Roman Empire were crowned in Aachen.
On Maundy Thursday 817, Louis and his court were crossing a wooden gallery from the cathedral to the palace in Aachen when the gallery collapsed, killing many.
The birth of this son damaged the Partition of Aachen, as Louis's attempts to provide for his fourth son met with stiff resistance from his older sons, and the last two decades of his reign were marked by civil war.
Pope Adrian I authorized Charlemagne to take away anything from Ravenna that he liked, and an unknown quantity of Roman columns, mosaics, statues, and other portable items were taken north to enrich his capital of Aachen.
Some of his relics were taken to Germany during the Middle Ages ; his head was claimed by Kornelimünster Abbey near Aachen.
These occasions were Mogadishu in 1977, Bad Kleinen in 1993, Aachen in 1999 and two more missions where firearms were used to shoot dogs of the persons being arrested.
Arguably, the Benedictine abbeys of Saint-Cornelimunster of Aachen were the lords of Puurs in the 10th century A. D.
After 1795, the areas west of the Rhine were annexed to France by the revolutionary armies, suppressing the independence of Imperial Cities as diverse as Cologne, Aachen, Speyer and Worms.
While the ( then no more royal ) TH Aachen flourished in the 1920s with the introduction of the more independent faculties, several new institutes and the general students ' committee, first signs of nationalist radicalization were also visible within the university.
On 21 October 1944, when Aachen capitulated, more than 70 % of all buildings of the university were destroyed or heavily damaged.
The other two lines of funding were graduate schools, where the Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering Science received funding and so-called " clusters of excellence ", where RWTH Aachen managed to win funding for the three clusters Ultra High-Speed Mobile Information and Communication ( UMIC ), Integrative Production Technology for High-wage Countries and Tailor-Made Fuels from Biomass ( TMFB ).
Automatically the municipal hospitals in Aachen became university hospitals, but soon it was realised that they were too small.
Thus by 1848, the towns of Aachen, Cologne and Düsseldorf were heavily industrialized with a number of different industries represented.
On 7 October, elements of the 1st Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler Panzer Division were released to reinforce the defense of Aachen.
All of these deficiencies of personnel were offset somewhat by the inherent strength of the well-planned, well-constructed fortifications surrounding Aachen.
Louis XIV's gains before the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ( Aachen ): Cambrai, Aire-sur-la-Lys | Aire and Saint-Omer as well as the Franche-Comté were returned, the other gains remained under Louis XIV's rule
The programme included the towns of Aachen and Saarbrücken which were initially west of the Limes Programme defence line.

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