According to Chirac, his name " originates from the langue d ' oc, that of the troubadours, therefore that of poetry ".

According to a July 2005 poll, 32 percent judged Chirac favorably and 63 percent unfavorably.

According to his official biography, he also met many notable people, including French president Charles de Gaulle as soon as 1944, Tunisian president Habib Bourguiba, US president Dwight David Eisenhower, Indian Prime Ministers Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira Gandhi, socialist Jayaprakash Narayan, comedian Coluche, president François Mitterrand, president Jacques Chirac and Mohammed V of Morocco.

According to the SOFRES polls institute, he held an advantage of 14 points over Chirac ( 32 % against 18 % for the first round ).

According to Nicolaus of Damascus, Octavius wished to join Caesar's staff for his campaign in Africa but gave way when his mother protested.

According to Plato, Atlantis was a naval power lying " in front of the Pillars of Hercules " that conquered many parts of Western Europe and Africa 9, 000 years before the time of Solon, or approximately 9600 BC.

According to the Duesberg hypothesis, AIDS is not found in Africa.

According to Duesberg, common diseases are easily misdiagnosed as AIDS in Africa because " the diagnosis of African AIDS is arbitrary " and does not include HIV testing.

According to the Recent African Ancestry theory, modern humans evolved in Africa possibly from Homo heidelbergensis and migrated out of the continent some 50, 000 to 100, 000 years ago, replacing local populations of Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis.

According to the WHO, it is practiced in 28 countries in western, eastern, and north-eastern Africa, in parts of the Middle East, and within some immigrant communities in Europe, North America, Australasia.

According to the WHO, 100 – 140 million women and girls are living with FGM, including 92 million girls over the age of 10 in Africa.

According to Robert Davis between 1 million and 1. 25 million Europeans were captured by North African pirates and sold as slaves in North Africa and Ottoman Empire between the 16th and 19th centuries.

According to paleontology, the early hominids ' skull anatomy was similar to that of the gorilla and chimpanzee, great apes that also evolved in Africa, but the hominids had adopted a bipedal locomotion and freed their hands.

According to the recent single origin hypothesis, anatomically modern humans arose in East Africa approximately 200, 000 years ago.

According to Agassiz the provinces that the different races were created in included Western American Temperate ( the indigenous peoples west of the Rockies ); Eastern American Temperate ( east of the Rockies ); Tropical Asiatic ( south of the Himalayas ); Temperate Asiatic ( east of the Urals and north of the Himalayas ); South American Temperate ( South America ); New Holland ( Australia ); Arctic ( Alaska and Arctic Canada ); Cape of Good Hope ( South Africa ); and American Tropical ( Central America and the West Indies ).

According to the Toba catastrophe theory, it had global consequences, killing most humans then alive and creating a population bottleneck in Central Eastern Africa and India that affected the genetic inheritance of all humans today.

According to the European Journal of Human Genetics, Moroccans from North-Western Africa are genetically closer to Iberians and other South Europeans than to Middle Easterners and Sub-Saharan Africans.

According to Burton ( 2007 ) Martin authorized a crusade against Africa in 1418 and this coupled with a later bull ( 1441 ) sanctioned the Portuguese trade in African slaves.

According to Fyfe, " it was estimated in 1789 that 74, 000 slaves were exported annually from West Africa, about 38, 000 by British firms.

According to Neotel, up-take of its services has exceeded expectations, and as a result Neotel are rapidly expanding services throughout major metropolitan areas in South Africa.

According to Geoffrey, the rocks of Stonehenge were healing rocks, called the Giant's dance, which Giants had brought from Africa to Ireland for their healing properties.

According to Robert Davis between 1 million and 1. 25 million Europeans were captured by Barbary pirates and sold as slaves in North Africa and Ottoman Empire between the 16th and 19th centuries.

According to Herodotus ( 4. 149-165 ), following a drought of seven years, Thera sent out colonists who founded a number of cities in northern Africa, including Cyrene.

According to a study by Alternatives to Combat Child Labour Through Education and Sustainable Services in the Middle East and North Africa Region ( ACCESS-MENA ) 30 % of school children living in border villages of Yemen had been smuggled into Saudi Arabia.

According to David Stannard's American Holocaust, 50 % of African deaths occurred in Africa as a result of wars between native kingdoms, which produced the majority of slaves.

According to Robert Davis between 1 million and 1. 25 million Europeans were captured by Barbary corsairs and sold as slaves in North Africa and the Ottoman Empire between the 16th and 19th centuries.

According to Nettl, however, it originated in southeast Asia and came to Africa c. 500 AD when a group of Malayo-Polynesian speaking peoples migrated to Africa.

According to the recent single origin hypothesis, the straits of Bab-el-Mandeb were probably witness to the earliest migrations of modern humans out of Africa, which occurred roughly 60, 000 years ago.

According to several accounts of this time, guilds became increasingly involved in simple territorial struggles against each other and against free practitioners of their arts.

According to Mao: The Unknown Story, an estimated 100, 000 people died in one of the worst factional struggles in Guangxi in January – April 1968, before Premier Zhou sent the PLA to intervene.

According to Fromm, Freudian descriptions of human consciousness as struggles between two poles was narrow and limiting.

According to Lucas, he found this draft enjoyable to write, as opposed to the year-long struggles writing the first film.

According to leaders of the Comintern, the shift from offensive to defensive struggles by workers strengthened the desire for united action within the working class.

According to PopMatters ' Andrew Welsh, Drizzt is Salvatore's attempt to create a multifaceted character who faces internal struggles, in hopes of standing out from the drow, and fantasy fiction in general.

According to The Description of the National Emblem of the People's Republic of China (《 中華人民共和國國徽圖案說明 》): These elements together were designed to symbolise the revolutionary struggles of the Chinese people since the May Fourth Movement, and the coalition of the proletariat which succeeded in founding the People's Republic of China.

According to Chris McGee, Anderson's writing style allows the reader to see how Melinda struggles with " producing the standard, cohesive narrative " expected in a teen novel.

According to Dr. Vassos Lyssarides, the paramilitary methods of EOKA, and the nature of its campaign, has served as a widely studied example for " anticolonial, national-liberation struggles in the period of decolonisation.

According to Bochner and Ellis ( 2006 ), an autoethnographer is “ first and foremost a communicator and a storyteller .” In other words, autoethnography “ depicts people struggling to overcome adversity ” and shows “ people in the process of figuring out what to do, how to live, and the meaning of their struggles ” ( p. 111 ).

According to the program, " the main goals and guidelines of the CPSU's international policy " included ensuring favorable external conditions conducive to building communism in the Soviet Union ; eliminating the threat of world war ; disarmament ; strengthening the " world socialist system "; developing " equal and friendly " relations with " liberated " World countries ; peaceful coexistence with the capitalist countries ; and solidarity with communist and revolutionary-democratic parties, the international workers ' movement, and national liberation struggles.

According to Michael Paoletta from Billboard, " Through the Rain " was used not only as a vehicle for listeners to become more in-tune with Carey's personal struggles, but also as a means to " re-capture " her audience throughout the earlier stages of her career.

According to the Public Ledger, The unhappy woman, after a few brief struggles, passed into another world.

According to its program the Party struggles to establish a Socialist Popular Republic of Kurdistan.