According to Kenneth S. Rogoff, " Although the development of international capital markets was quite limited prior to 1800, we nevertheless catalog the numerous defaults of France, Portugal, Prussia, Spain, and the early Italian city-states.

* According to culinary writer Giuliano Bugialli, the term comes from the Italian bagno maria, named after Maria de ' Cleofa, who developed the technique in Florence in the sixteenth century.

According to some researchers, despite the significant differences between the writing systems, Italian, German and English populations suffer similarly from dyslexia.

According to his letters, he was associated with the Venetian natural philosopher, Giulio Camillo, but, apart from this, he had a less active association with Italian scholars than might have been expected.

According to Robert Evans, head of Paramount Pictures at the time, Coppola also did not initially want to direct the film because he feared it would glorify the Mafia and violence, and thus reflect poorly on his Sicilian and Italian heritage ; on the other hand, Evans specifically wanted an Italian-American to direct the film because his research had shown that previous films about the Mafia that were directed by non-Italians had fared dismally at the box office, and he wanted to, in his own words, " smell the spaghetti ".

According to Italian journalist Enrico Deaglio, Cossiga to justify his lack of action " accused the leaders of CGIL and of the Italian Communist Party to know the location where Moro was detained ".

According to the Italian Constitution, after his resignation from the office of President, Cossiga became lifetime senator, joining his predecessors in the upper house of parliament, with whom he also shared the title of President Emeritus of the Italian Republic.

According to the Italian government, there were 4, 570, 317 foreign residents in Italy as of January 2011.

According to the EU's statistics body Eurostat, Italian public debt stood at 116 % of GDP in 2010, ranking as the second biggest debt ratio after Greece ( with 126. 8 %).

According to the Bologna statistics of the European Union, Italian is spoken as a mother tongue by 65 million people in the EU ( 13 % of the EU population ), mainly in Italy, and as a second language by 14 million ( 3 %).

According to the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, every year there are more than 200, 000 foreign students that are learning Italian language ; they are distributed in the 90 Institutes of Italian Culture in the world, in the 179 Italian schools abroad and in the 111 Italian sections that are open into foreign schools.

According to Professor Grillo, these exchanges are " pure Italian.

According to the Liber Pontificalis, Linus was an Italian from Tuscany ( though his name is Greek ) and born in Volterra, and his father's name was Herculanus.

According to one hypothesis, an Italian architect called Petrok Maly may have been an author of the Ascension Church in Kolomenskoye, one of the earliest and most prominent tented roof churches.

According to Vasari, antique art was central to the rebirth of Italian art.

According to the Mitrokhin Archives, the Italian Communist Party lodged several complaints with the Soviet ambassador in Rome regarding Czechoslovak support of the Red Brigades, but the Soviets were either unwilling or unable to stop the StB.

According to the Italian Constitution, the President of the Italian Republic is not accountable, and he is not responsible for any act of his office, unless he has committed high treason or attempted to subvert the Constitution.

According to a French etymology, the Italian tarocco derived from Arabic طرح ṭarḥ, ' rejection ; subtraction, deduction, discount '.

According to the Article 76 of the Soviet Constitution, the sovereign Soviet socialist states united to become the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

According to France Bučar, one of the founding fathers of Slovenian democracy and independence, the democracy in Slovenia is very weak, with the power concentrated in the hands of a few people, as in the time of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia before 1991, and the Parliament being only a formal institution.

" According to the Party's statute, amended at the 9th National Congress on 22 April 2001, the CPV was " established and trained by President Hồ Chí Minh, has led the Vietnamese people to carry out successfully the August Revolution, establishing the Democratic Republic of Việt Nam, now the Socialist Republic of Việt Nam, to defeat foreign invaders, to abolish the colonial and feudalist regime, to liberate and reunify the country, and then carry out the cause of renovation and socialist construction and firmly defend national independence.

According to Ukrainian law, anyone who was a citizen of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic who was residing in Ukraine at the time of its declaration of independence and any stateless person living on the territory of Ukraine at the moment of its declaration of independence was granted citizenship.

According to official French results, Cohn-Bendit's list thus became the third political force in France, even overtaking the Socialist Party in the Paris region, and, furthermore by adding the votes of an alternative green party also present in the election, giving greens a never yet experienced weight in French politics.

According to published academic studies in the United States and Europe, 165, 000 people died in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam's re-education camps.

According to accounts filed for the year of 2010 with the Electoral Commission, the Socialist Labour Party had 3, 260 members excluding affiliates.

According to a 2002 poll, one out of four members in the Socialist Left wanted Norway to join the European Union.

According to the survey, the Socialist Left and the Liberal Party were the two most feminist, while The Progress Party was the least feminist party in parliament.

According to Bulgarian law, a Bulgarian president is not allowed to be a member of a political party, thus Parvanov is independent and he left the Socialist Party after his success in the presidential elections, although he identified as a socialist, Parvanov often declares being a ' social president '.

According to Al Jazeera English, it was formed in 2002 and includes Islah, Yemeni Socialist Party ( YSP ), Hizb Al-Haq ( a semi-religious party ), the Unionist party, and the Popular Forces Union party.

According to the De Leonist theory, workers would simultaneously form Socialist Industrial Unions in the workplaces, and a socialist political party which would organize in the political realm.

According to the enquiry, 1. 2 % went to the RPR, 0. 8 % to the French Socialist Party.

According to Time, " There was some speculation in Moscow " that if Brezhnev didn't succeed in removing Podgorny he would establish a Council of State modelled after institutions found in, for example, East Germany ( Staatsrat ), People's Republic of Bulgaria and the Socialist Republic of Romania.

According to Red Pepper magazine, UAF was set up by the Socialist Workers Party and the National Assembly Against Racism.

According to the Crown, the burning of a church in Minnedosa, Manitoba was committed by two fans of National Socialist black metal music with anti-Christian themes.

According to the Al-Ahram, the conference was organised by Alkarama ( Dignity ), Al-Ishtirakyin Al-Sawryin ( Socialist Revolutionary Party ), Al-Ikhwan Al-Muslimin ( Muslim Brotherhood ) and Al -' Amal ( Labour ), and was held at the Egyptian Press Syndicate, with close to 600 participants and observers from around the world, including a delegation of 80 South Koreans and 20 Canadians.

According to the newspaper Eleftherotypia the characteristics of the magazine and the organisation were clearly National Socialist.

According to W. Fitzhugh Brundage in the book A Socialist Utopia in the New South: " The wastefulness and ugliness of competitive individualism, so glaringly apparent in late nineteenth-century cities, would be replaced by the efficient creation and collective control of wealth and technology " in this new settlement.

According to him, in the early 1970s the General Secretary of the CPSU, Leonid Brezhnev, personally visited the main bunker, and, in 1974, awarded the Chairman of the KGB at the time, Yuri Andropov, the Gold Star Medal of the Hero of Socialist Labour.

According to Qutb, to ignore this fact and attempt to introduce elements of socialism or nationalism into Islam or the Muslim community ( as Egypt's Arab Socialist Union government was doing at the time ) is against Islam.

According to the soviet census of 1926, there were 3, 450, 000 Ukrainians living outside of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, divided as follows:

According to Kenneth Teitelbaum, a scholar of the Socialist youth education movement, Socialist schools for children also existed in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Hungary, Belgium, and Switzerland.