According to the WHO, it is practiced in 28 countries in western, eastern, and north-eastern Africa, in parts of the Middle East, and within some immigrant communities in Europe, North America, Australasia.

According to the WHO, some practices regarded as legal in countries that have outlawed FGM do fall under the category of Type IV ( see below ), but the organization decided to maintain a broad definition to avoid loopholes that could allow FGM to continue.

According to the WHO, 100 – 140 million women and girls are living with FGM, including 92 million girls over the age of 10 in Africa.

According to the World Health Organisation ( WHO ), over a third of people in most countries report problems at some time in their life which meet criteria for diagnosis of one or more of the common types of mental disorder.

According to spokesperson Vivian Tan of the WHO office in Beijing, " In cases like this August 2009, we encourage the authorities to identify cases, to investigate any suspicious symptoms among close contacts, and to treat confirmed cases as soon as possible.

According to a 2007 World Health Organization ( WHO ) report, 1. 1 billion people lack access to an improved drinking water supply, 88 percent of the 4 billion annual cases of diarrheal disease are attributed to unsafe water and inadequate sanitation and hygiene, and 1. 8 million people die from diarrheal diseases each year.

According to the World Health Organization ( WHO ), an estimated 50, 000 to 100, 000 women develop obstetric fistulas each year and over two million women currently live with obstetric fistula.

According to the World Health Organization ( WHO ), maternal death is defined as the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes.

According to the World Health Organization ( WHO ), more than a million people are killed on the world ’ s roads each year.

According to the WHO, in their guidelines on chiropractic practice, spinal manipulation is contraindicated for disc herniations when there are progressive neurological deficits.

According to WHO guidelines 2010, artemisinin-based combination therapies ( ACTs ) are the recommended first line antimalarial treatments for uncomplicated malaria caused by P. falciparum.

According to the WHO lexicon of alcohol and drug terms, habituation is defined as “ becoming accustomed to any behavior or condition, including psychoactive substance use ”.

According to World Health Organization ( WHO ), 15 % of the world's total population have disabilities.

According to a WHO report, about 48, 000 melanoma related deaths occur worldwide per year.

According to the WHO, 50 % of medical equipment in developing countries is only partly usable due to lack of skilled operators or parts.

According to the currently adopted definition by FAO / WHO, probiotics are: " Live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host ".

According to WHO " Lexicon of alcohol and drug terms ..." sobriety is continued abstinence from psychoactive drug use.

According to the WHO classification of the tumors of the central nervous system, the standard name for this brain tumor is " glioblastoma "; it presents two variants: giant cell glioblastoma and gliosarcoma.

According to the WHO, the tobacco industry must replace older quitting or dying smokers with younger consumers.

According to the WHO, the " precautionary principle " is " a risk management policy applied in circumstances with a high degree of scientific uncertainty, reflecting the need to take action for a potentially serious risk without awaiting the results of scientific research.

According to WHO intravenous AS is the drug of choice for severe malaria both in children and adults where there is low transmission.

According to WHO statistics infant mortality fell from 23 to 20 in males and 19 to 17 in females per 1000 births between 2003 and 2005.

While noting recent progress, The Lancet noted, " According to WHO, in 2007, nearly 2 billion individuals had insufficient iodine intake, a third being of school age.

According to WHO and Guttmacher, approximately 68, 000 women die annually as a result of complications of unsafe abortion ; and between two million and seven million women each year survive unsafe abortion but sustain long-term damage or disease ( incomplete abortion, infection ( sepsis ), haemorrhage, and injury to the internal organs, such as puncturing or tearing of the uterus ).

According to John Gillespie, a former investment banker and co-author of a book critical of boards,: " Far too much of their time has been for check-the-box and cover-your-behind activities rather than real monitoring of executives and providing strategic advice on behalf of shareholders ".

According to Party rules, the Central Committee directed all Party and government activities between each Party Congress.

According to archival records, at least 16, 594 people died under the guillotine or otherwise after accusations of counter-revolutionary activities.

According to the regulation in force in 2010 this obligation has to be met within three months after the start of its activities in Spain.

According to Israeli journalists Shlomo Nakdimon and Shaul Mayzlish, Dutch Jew Jacob Israël de Haan was assassinated by Avraham Tehomi on the orders of Haganah leader Yitzhak Ben-Zvi for his anti-Zionist political activities and contacts with Arab leaders.

According to Article 17 of the Constitution, " independence, peace, and solidarity are the basic ideals of the foreign policy and the principles of external activities of the DPRK ".

According to Balakrishna " as long as the Sena confined its activities to the Mumbai-Thane belt, Congress leaders like Murli Deora, who headed the party unit in Mumbai for two decades, never confronted the Sena ".

According to the team leader Professor Vince Gaffney, this discovery may provide a direct link between the rituals and astronomical events to activities within the Cursus at Stonehenge.

According to structural theory in anthropology and social anthropology, meaning is produced and reproduced within a culture through various practices, phenomena and activities that serve as systems of signification.

* According to the Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals ( CSCMP ), supply chain management encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing, procurement, conversion, and logistics management.

According to Evan Jones ( University of Bristol ), the trouble with these is that ' they only detail the activities of those dumb enough to get caught '.

According to the Microsoft Developer Network the patterns & practices of Security Engineering consists of the following activities:

According to most political philosophies, taxes are justified as they fund activities that are necessary and beneficial to society.

According to a number of sources their activities included mock religious ceremonies and partaking in meals containing dishes like Holy Ghost Pie, Breast of Venus, and Devil's Loin, while drinking Hell-fire punch.

According to the Microsoft Developer Network the Performance Testing Methodology consists of the following activities:

According to the U. S. Office of Management and Budget and Homeland Security Research Corporation, DHS Homeland security funding constitutes only 20-21 % of the consolidated U. S. Homeland Security-Homeland Defense funding, while approximately 40 % of the DHS budget funds civil, non-security activities, such as the U. S. coast guard search and rescue operations and customs functions.

According to the Estonian Security Police, Russian influence operations in Estonia form a complex system of financial, political, economic and espionage activities in Republic of Estonia for the purposes of influencing Estonia's political and economic decisions in ways considered favourable to Russian Federation and conducted under the doctrine of near abroad.

According to the media, encouraged by tougher anti-yakuza laws and legislation, local governments and construction companies have begun to shun or ban yakuza activities or involvement in their communities or construction projects.

According to author Ethan Gutmann, Cisco and other telecommunications equipment providers supplied the Chinese government with surveillance and Internet infrastructure equipment that is used to block Internet websites and track Chinese on-line activities.

According to Boas ' principle, which represents the mainstream school in contemporary anthropology, a culture's beliefs and activities should be interpreted in terms of its own culture.

According to the National School Safety Center, since the 1992-1993 U. S. school year there has been a significant decline in school-associated violent deaths ( deaths on private or public school property for kindergarten through grade 12 and resulting from schools functions or activities ):

According to Riquier, every vocation deserved a name of its own and the sloppy usage of joglar assured that it covered a multitude of activities, some, no doubt, with which Riquier did not wish to be associated.

According to HAARP's management, the project strives for openness, and all activities are logged and publicly available.

According to Kotowski, this episode indicates that even the most minor activities of the German minority were closely scrutinized by the Polish authorities beginning with the earliest phase of Polish policy towards the German minority.

According to this definition, third-party logistics includes any form of outsourcing of logistics activities previously performed in-house.