According to economist Eduard Aghajanov, Armenia could have repaid them with low-interest loans from other, presumably Western sources, or with some of its hard currency reserves which then totaled about $ 450 million.

According to economist John Quiggin, the standard features of " economic fundamentalist rhetoric " are " dogmatic " assertions and the claim that anyone who holds contrary views is not a real economist.

According to the what economist Nicholas Barr describes as the " classical definition of income :" the 1938 Haig-Simons definition, " income may be defined as the ... sum of ( 1 ) the market value of rights exercised in consumption and ( 2 ) the change in the value of the store of property rights ..." Since the consumption potential of non-monetary goods, such as leisure, cannot be measured, monetary income may be thought of as a proxy for full income.

According to Austrian economist Ludwig von Mises, who had met Weber during his time at the University of Vienna,

According to Rajiv Sethi, an economist at Columbia University, black-white segregation in housing is slowly declining for most metropolitan areas in the US Racial segregation or separation can lead to social, economic and political tensions.

According to the economist George Selgin in his paper " Gresham's Law ":

According to ecological economist Robert Costanza:

According to economist Murray Rothbard:

According to economist theorists, companies receive a convenience yield by holding inventories of certain commodities.

According to economist William Stanley Jevons ( 1875 ), representative money arose because metal coins often were " variously clipped or depreciated " during use, but using representations for the value stored in banks ensured its worth.

According to economist Steve Keen, the " deleveraging " moments when they ( or the governments they live under ) pay down debt instead of spending on consumption or investment in real-economy infrastructure, result in economic crises or even depressions ( such as The Great Depression ).

According to health economist Uwe Reinhardt, " strictly speaking, the term ' socialized medicine ' should be reserved for health systems in which the government operates the production of health care and provides its financing.

According to economist Frank Knight, it is different from risk, where there is a specific probability assigned to each outcome ( as when flipping a fair coin ).

According to cooperative economist Charles Gide, the aim of a cooperative wholesale society is to arrange “ bulk purchases, and, if possible, organise production .” The best historical example of this were the English CWS and the Scottish CWS, which were the forerunners to the modern Co-operative Group.

According to economist Robin Hanson, in 1990 the first known corporate prediction market was used at Xanadu.

According to economist Stephen P. Magee, the benefits of free trade outweigh the losses by as much as 100 to 1.

According to the Marxist economist Ernest Mandel, who popularised the term with his 1972 PhD dissertation, late-stage capitalism will be dominated by the machinations – or perhaps better, fluidities – of financial capital ; and also by the increasing commodification and industrialisation of ever more inclusive sectors of human life.

According to economist and historian Murray Rothbard, between 1839 and 1843, real consumption increased by 21 percent and real gross national product increased by 16 percent, despite the fact that real investment fell by 23 percent and the money supply shrank by 34 percent.

According to a review by Geoffrey M. Hodgson, the term " social Darwinism " was first used in an English-language academic journal in an 1895 book review by the Harvard economist Frank Taussig ( it had been used as early as 1877 in Europe ).

According to the work of Nobel prize winning economist and expert on famines Amartya Sen, most famines do not result just from lower food production, but also from an inappropriate or inefficient distribution of the food, often compounded by lack of information and indeed misinformation as to the extent of the problem.

According to a study by economist David Card, deregulation resulted in the shift of approximately 5, 000 to 7, 000 airline mechanic jobs from the major trunk airlines to smaller carriers between 1978 and 1984.

According to economist Claudia Goldin, the success of the cliometric revolution had as an unintended consequence the disappearance of economic historians from history departments.

" According to Keynesian economist, Paul Krugman, the work of Friedman and Schwartz became dominant among mainstream economists by the 1980s but should be reconsidered in light of Japan's Lost Decade of the 1990s.

According to LDS Doctrine, Michael the Archangel became the first man on earth, Adam, to experience his mortality.

According to Alexander Technique instructor Michael J. Gelb, people tend to study the Alexander Technique either to rid themselves of pain, to increase their performance abilities, or for reasons of personal development and transformation.

According to the 12th-century bishop of Athens, Michael Choniates, by his time the island had become a base for pirates.

According to C. Michael Hogan, the Daugava River began experiencing environmental deterioration in the era of Soviet collective agriculture ( producing considerable adverse water pollution runoff ) and a wave of hydroelectric power projects.

According to historian Michael A. Riff, a common feature of these movements was opposition not only to secularism, but also to both capitalism and socialism.

According to a controversial essay titled " The Death of Environmentalism " ( Michael Shellenberger and Ted Nordhaus, 2004 ) American environmentalism has been remarkably successful in protecting the air, water, and large stretches of wilderness in North America and Europe, but these environmentalists have stagnated as a vital force for cultural and political change.

According to historian Michael Hopkinson, the guerrilla warfare " was often courageous and effective ".

According to author Michael Moorcock, in 1967 Niven was among those Science Fiction Writers of America members who voiced opposition to the Vietnam War.

" According to Michael Palin's published diary, Palin changed his response in order to throw Cleese off.

According to documentary filmmaker Michael Moore, Turner's land has a higher gross domestic product than Belize.

According to Michael Jeck's DVD commentary, Seven Samurai was among the first films to use the now-common plot element of the recruiting and gathering of heroes into a team to accomplish a specific goal, a device used in later films such as The Guns of Navarone, Ocean's Eleven, The Dirty Dozen, and the western remake The Magnificent Seven.

According to Rabbi Michael J. Cook, Professor of Intertestamental and Early Christian Literature at the Hebrew Union College, there are ten themes in the New Testament that are the greatest sources of anxiety for Jews concerning Christian antisemitism.

According to one account, the Gekko character was a " straight lift " from the real world junk-bond dealer Michael Milkin, who later pled guilty to felony charges for violating securities laws.

According to Michael Barton, a prominent ichthyologist and professor at Centre College, " the earliest ichthyologists were hunters and gatherers who had learned how to obtain the most useful fish, where to obtain them in abundance, and at what times they might be the most available ".

According to Michael Levey, " Raphael gives his a superhuman clarity and grace in a universe of Euclidian certainties ".

According to writer Michael Davis, by the mid-1970s the show had become " an American institution ".

According to Model: The Ugly Business of Beautiful Women by Michael Gross, Gross stated the term " supermodel " was first used by Dessner.

According to J. Michael Jaffe, author of Gender, Pseudonyms, and CMC: Masking Identities and Baring Souls, " the Internet was originally established to expedite communication between governmental scientists and defense experts, and was not at all intended to be the popular ' interpersonal mass medium ' it has become ", yet new and revolutionary devices enabling the mass public to communicate online are constantly being developed and released.

According to Michael Meacher, this change put an end to a previous inequity whereby two families, in otherwise identical circumstances, paid differing amounts of tax “ simply because in one case the child possessed property transferred to it by a grandparent, while in the other case the grandparent ’ s identical property was inherited by the parent .” In 1969, a “ save-as-you-earn ” scheme was introduced, designed to encourage new savings over a contracted period.

According to Mark Michael Smith of the Economic History Society: " although intrusive and oppressive, paternalism, the way masters employed it, and the methods slaves used to manipulate it, rendered slaveholders ' attempts to institute capitalistic work regimens on their plantation ineffective and so allowed slaves to carve out a degree of autonomy.

According to George Marcus and Michael Fischer,

According to Canadian historian Michael H. Kater, Orff claimed at the end of the war to his Allied interrogators that he was a founding member of the White Rose and was released.

According to Michael Durant's book In the Company of Heroes, the Somalis counted 25 of their militia dead after the firefight.

According to Michael Caine, he met Elton John and was discussing musical tastes, when Caine claimed that he had been creating chillout mix tapes as an amateur for years.

According to art historian Michael J. Lewis, Chagall was considered to be " the last survivor of the first generation of European modernists ".