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According to scholar Ervand Abrahamian, although there were several decades of prohibition of torture that spread from Europe to most parts of the world, by the 1980s, the taboo against torture was broken and torture " returned with a vengeance ," propelled in part by television and an opportunity to break political prisoners and broadcast the resulting public recantations of their political beliefs for " ideological warfare, political mobilization, and the need to win ' hearts and minds.
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According to 20th-century scholar Walther Ludwig, the poems were spuriously inserted into an early biography of Plato sometime between 250 BC and 100 BC and adopted by later writers from this source.
According to 2000 publishings by scholar Manuel Pedro Ferreira the models for the Cantigas might actually be something different than a traditional French rondeau.
According to Manuel Pedro Ferreira, a scholar on the Cantigas, the music found in the Cantigas cannot be classified as Arabic, but instead must be classified as " Moorish-Andalusian ".
According to Cordwainer Smith scholar Alan C. Elms, this speculation first reached print in Brian Aldiss's 1973 history of science fiction, Billion Year Spree ; Aldiss, in turn, claimed to have gotten the information from Leon Stover.
According to the 4th century Latin writer Servius, a fourth set of Etruscan books existed, dealing with animal gods, but it is unlikely that any scholar living in the 4th century could have read Etruscan.
According to New Testament scholar Daniel Wallace, the theme may be stated pragmatically as “ Christians, get along with each other!
According to Jesuit scholar Joseph Fitzmyer, the book, " overwhelms the reader by the density and sublimity of the topic with which it deals, the gospel of the justification and salvation of Jew and Greek alike by the grace of God through faith in Jesus Christ, revealing the uprightness and love of God the father.
According to the sixth century Byzantine scholar Zosimus, " Honorius wrote letters to the cities in Britain, bidding them to guard themselves.
According to scholar Ronald Cameron, it was originally composed some time between the middle of the 1st century and early in the 2nd century, and it was probably written shortly before the Gospel of John.
According to one scholar, John portrays Jesus Christ as " a brief manifestation of the eternal Word, whose immortal spirit remains ever-present with the believing Christian.
According to the modern scholar Pat Southern, however, some historians now see him in a more positive light.
According to Melville scholar Elizabeth Renker " a sea change in the reception of the poems is incipient.
According to the records of the Order, the manuscripts were passed from Kenneth R. H. Mackenzie, a Masonic scholar, to Rev.
According to Martin Noth, a scholar of the Hebrew Bible, the narratives of Isaac date back to an older cultural stage than that of the West-Jordanian Jacob.
According to scholar Alan Dundes, who wrote extensively on the topic, the custom originated among Romani Gypsies in Wales ( Welsh Kale Gypsies ) and England ( English Romanichal Gypsies ).
According to scholar Oskar Skarsaune, Justin relies on two main sources for his proofs from prophecy that probably circulated as collections of scriptural testimonies within his Christian school.
According to scholar James Butrica, lesbianism " challenged not only the Roman male's view of himself as the exclusive giver of sexual pleasure but also the most basic foundations of Rome's male-dominated culture ".
According to the United States scholar Nicholas Eberstadt and demographer Judith Banister, vital statistics and personal information on residents are kept by agencies on the ri, or ni (,: village, the local administrative unit ) level in rural areas and the dong (,: district or block ) level in urban areas.
According to one Korean American scholar who visited North Korea in the early 1980s, the country has no birth control policies ; parents are encouraged to have as many as six children.
* According to Nepali scholar Rishikesh Shaha, the ancient chronicles report that a sage ( muni ) named Ne became the protector ( pāla ) of this land and the founder of its first ruling dynasty.
According to the bhikkhu ( monk ) and scholar Walpola Rahula, the divisions of the noble eightfold path " are to be developed more or less simultaneously, as far as possible according to the capacity of each individual.
According to international scholar Thorwald Lorenzen, the first Easter led to a shift in emphasis from faith " in God " to faith " in Christ.
According to A. Zahoor, in the 11th century, the Persian polymath scholar Abu Rayhan Biruni described the Milky Way galaxy as a multitude of fragments having the properties of nebulous stars, and also gave the latitudes of various stars during a lunar eclipse in 1019.
According to medieval scholar Richard Zeikowitz, the Green Knight represents a threat to homosocial friendship in his medieval world.
According to Hamid S. Hosseini, the power of supply and demand was understood to some extent by several early Muslim scholars, such as fourteenth-century Mamluk scholar Ibn Taymiyyah, who wrote:
According and Ervand
According to Iranian political historian Ervand Abrahamian, after this attack SAVAK interrogators were sent abroad for " scientific training to prevent unwanted deaths from ' brute force.
According to Ervand Abrahamian: " Realizing that the opposition would take the vast majority of the provincial seats, Mosaddegh stopped the voting as soon as 79 deputies – just enough to form a parliamentary quorum — had been elected.
According to Ervand Abrahamian, Lajevardi " liked to be addressed as Hajj Aqa, and boasted he was so proud of Evin that he had brought his family to live there.
According and although
According to the band's website, although the group admired Holly ( and years later produced an album covering some of his songs ), their name was inspired primarily by the sprigs of holly in evidence around Christmas of 1962.
According to the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ), risk factors for BV include douching and having new or multiple sex partners, although it is unclear what role sexual activity plays in the development of BV.
According to film historian Jeffrey Vance, " although he relied upon associates to arrange varied and complex instrumentation, the musical imperative is his, and not a note in a Chaplin musical score was placed there without his assent.
According to Clement, there is no way of empirically testing the existence of God the Father, because the Logos has revelatory, not analysable meaning, although Christ was an object of the senses.
According to tradition, Constantine arranged for the rockface to be removed from around the tomb, without harming it, in order to isolate the tomb ; in the centre of the rotunda is a small building called the Kouvouklion ( Kουβούκλιον ; Modern Greek for small compartment ) or Aedicule ( from Latin: aediculum, small building ), which supposedly encloses this tomb, although it is not currently possible to verify the claim, as the remains are completely enveloped by a marble sheath.
According to official figures, although the territory was at the time inhabited by 58, 240 Somali and 48, 270 Afar, only 14, 689 Somali were allowed to register to vote versus 22, 004 Afar.
According to Pickover, the mathematics behind fractals began to take shape in the 17th century when the mathematician and philosopher Gottfried Leibniz pondered recursive self-similarity ( although he made the mistake of thinking that only the straight line was self-similar in this sense ).
According to some historians, the film was made to convey a " deliberate reaffirmation of American values ", although ones which seemed uncertain with respect to the future.
According to the Free Software Foundation, " freeware " is a loosely defined category and it has no clear accepted definition, although FSF says it must be distinguished from free software ( libre ).
According to Newsinger, although Orwell " was always critical of the 1945 – 51 Labour government's moderation, his support for it began to pull him to the right politically.
According to, the Śulba Sūtras contain " the earliest extant verbal expression of the Pythagorean Theorem in the world, although it had already been known to the Old Babylonians.
According to Bede, Justus received letters of encouragement from Pope Boniface V ( 619 – 625 ), as did Mellitus, although Bede does not record the actual letters.
According to tradition, Rumi was himself a notable musician who played the robāb, although his favorite instrument was the ney or reed flute.
According to the Language Portal of Canada, " this fairly new tradition has gained in popularity in France, Great Britain, Jamaica and Brazil ", although this information has not been confirmed with authoritative sources from these countries.
According to the constitution, executive power is exercised by the government while legislative power is vested in the ministerial cabinet, the Senate and the National Assembly, although in reality these two latter bodies have very little power or legislative role.
According to contemporary research, males are dominant throughout Melanesia ( although some believe that female witches have special powers ).
According to a recent hypothesis, the Archimedes screw may have been used by Sennacherib, King of Assyria, for the water systems at the Hanging Gardens of Babylon and Nineveh in the 7th century BC, although mainstream scholarship holds it to be a Greek invention of later times.
According to an independent study by Ronald Beech of Game 6 of the NBA 2002 Western Conference Finals between the Lakers and Kings, although the refs increased the Lakers ' chances of winning through foul calls during the game, there was no collusion to fix the game.
According to Dr. Vitalii Nikolaevich Tsygichko, a Senior Analyst at the Academy of Sciences, the author of the study, Mathematical Model of Soviet Strategic Operations on the Continental Theater, and a former member of the General Staff, military analysts discussed the idea of a " nuclear winter " ( although they did not use that exact term ) years before U. S. scientists wrote about it in the 1980s .< REF > http :// www. gwu. edu /~ nsarchiv // nukevault / ebb285 /</ REF >
According to recent data, 841 different languages are listed for the country, although 11 of these have no known living speakers.
According to the Liber Pontificalis, Miltiades was African, although McBrien states he was probably Roman.
According to the Catholic Encyclopedia and other sources, Benedict IX was around 18 to 20 years old when made pontiff, although some sources claim 11 or 12.
According to Thucydides, although the Spartans took no action at this time, they " secretly felt aggrieved ".
According to the myth, Pandora opened a jar ( pithos ), in modern accounts sometimes mistranslated as " Pandora's box " ( see below ), releasing all the evils of mankind — although the particular evils, aside from plagues and diseases, are not specified in detail by Hesiod — leaving only Hope inside once she had closed it again.
According to official Pente instructions, there are three formations that are customary ( although not mandatory ) for a player to inform his opponent of, once created:
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