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According to textual scholars, the biblical text describing the battle and the events surrounding it is considerably late in date, originating close to the time that they postulate as the date of the deuteronomist's compilation of Judges from its source material, and possibly has several exaggerations of both numbers and of modes of warfare, and additionally, the inhospitality which triggered the Battle is reminiscent of the Torah's account of Sodom and Gomorrah.
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According to biblical scholars, the Torah's genealogy for Levi's descendants, is actually an aetiological myth reflecting the fact that there were four different groups among the levites – the Gershonites, Kohathites, Merarites, and Aaronids ; Aaron – the eponymous ancestor of the Aaronids – couldn't be portrayed as a brother to Gershon, Kohath, and Merari, as the narrative about the birth of Moses ( brother of Aaron ), which textual scholars attribute to the earlier Elohist source, mentions only that both his parents were Levites ( without identifying their names ).
According to textual scholars, this is really the Jahwist's account of the reunion after Joseph identifies himself, and the account of the threat to enslave Benjamin is just the Elohist's version of the same event, with the Elohist being more terse about Joseph's emotions towards Benjamin, merely mentioning that Benjamin was given five times as many gifts as the others.
According to this view, the story of Jacob's visit to Laban to obtain a wife originated as a metaphor for this migration, with the property and family which were gained from Laban representing the gains of the Joseph tribes by the time they returned from Egypt ; according to textual scholars, the Jahwist version of the Laban narrative only mentions the Joseph tribes, and Rachel, and does not mention the other tribal matriarchs whatsoever.
According to some textual critics, it was subsequently translated into Greek and added to later Greek manuscripts.
According to David Ownby, religion has, since 1912, been defined to refer to " world-historical faiths " that have " well-developed institutions, clergy, and textual traditions "— namely, Buddhism, Daoism, Islam, Protestantism and Catholicism.
According to Tyldesley, the enigma of Senenmut's sudden disappearance " teased Egyptologists for decades " given the lack of solid archaeological or textual evidence "
According to Shammai Feldman, Zelophehad and his daughters are a fiction created simply to illustrate some of the legal rules of inheritance ; Jewish textual scholars regard the accounts concerning Zelophehad's daughters as accretions added to the earlier priestly source narrative by writers from the same pro-Aaronid religio-political group.
According to 19th century textual scholars these rules originate from two different layers in the priestly source, thought by scholars to be one of the source texts of the Torah ; the priestly code within the priestly source is believed to be a series of additions to the text, from Aaronid editors, over a long period.
According to textual scholars, the reason for the abrupt interruption this passage causes to the surrounding narrative, and the chronological anomaly it seems to present, is that it derives from the Jahwist source, while the immediately surrounding narrative is from the Elohist.
According to some Biblical scholars, the Torah's genealogy for Levi's descendants, is actually an aetiological myth reflecting the fact that there were four different groups among the levites-the Gershonites, Kohathites, Merarites, and Aaronids ; Aaron — the eponymous ancestor of the Aaronids — couldn't be portrayed as a brother to Gershon, Kohath, and Merari, as the narrative about the birth of Moses ( brother of Aaron ), which textual scholars attribute to the earlier Elohist source, mentions only that both his parents were Levites ( without identifying their names ).
According to some textual scholars, the reason for these features is that the passage derives from the Jahwist source, while the immediately surrounding narrative is from the Elohist, the two being spliced together at a later date.
According to several biblical scholars, Benjamin was originally part of the house of Joseph, but the biblical account of this became lost ; the account of the birth of the other sons of Jacob is regarded by textual scholars as a complex mixture of Elohist and Yahwist texts, and very corrupt, and it is clear that parts of the corresponding Elohist text, and parts of the corresponding Yahwist text, are missing.
According to this view, the story of Jacob's visit to Laban to obtain a wife began as a metaphor for the second migration, with Jacob's new family, possessions, and livestock, obtained from Laban, being representations of the new wave of migrants ; it is notable that, according to textual scholars, in the Jahwist version of the story it is only the Joseph tribes that are among these migrants, since it only recounts Jacob as having met Rachel, and the matriarchs of the other Israelite tribes-Leah, Bilhah, and Zilpah-do not appear.
According to many textual scholars the claim in the masoretic text could simply be a scribal error ; the Septuagint version of the passage states that the Israelites had to attack the Jebusites with their dagger rather than through the water shaft.
According to biblical scholars, the Torah's genealogy for Levi's descendants, is actually an aetiological myth reflecting the fact that there were four different groups among the Levites – the Gershonites, Kohathites, Merarites, and Aaronids ; Aaron – the eponymous ancestor of the Aaronids – couldn't be portrayed as a brother to Gershon, Kohath, and Merari, as the narrative about the birth of Moses ( brother of Aaron ), which textual scholars attribute to the earlier Elohist source, mentions only that both his parents were Levites ( without identifying their names ).
According to this view, the story of Jacob's visit to Laban to obtain a wife originated as a metaphor for this migration, with the property and family which were gained from Laban representing the gains of the Joseph tribes by the time they returned from Egypt ; according to textual scholars, the Jahwist version of the Laban narrative only mentions the Joseph tribes, and Rachel, and doesn't mention the other tribal matriarchs whatsoever.
According to some modern textual scholars, the second narrative is a redaction, added by a later editor, probably the deuteronomist, probably to explain away what is in reality an earlier sanctuary that featured a stone as a fetish of Yahweh ( such sanctuaries are found in the Canaanite archaeological record ).
According to textual scholars, the account of a Philistine victory at Jezreel derives from the monarchial source, in contrast to the republican source, which places the Philistine victory against the Israelites at Mount Gilboa.
According to the textual information track on the DVD release, this change in costume was supposed to be permanent as the Doctor and Leela established a Professor Higgins / Eliza Doolittle-style relationship, but the idea was soon dropped.
According to John Morris's textual analysis of the Historia, this tale derived from a north Welsh narrative which was mainly about Emrys ( Ambrosius Aurelianus ), which the compiler of the Historia incorporated into a framework drawn from a Kentish chronicle, together with details from a Life of Saint Germanus.
According to textual scholars the rules against mixtures derive from the Holiness Code, predating the Priestly Code that forms the rest of Leviticus, and were only later extended by the Deuteronomist to include a prohibition against Transvestitism.
According and scholars
According to many scholars it only comprises a small number of monosyllabic lexical roots, including the personal pronouns and a few other deictic and auxiliary items.
According to some scholars Ali ibn Yusuf was a new generation of leadership that had forgot the desert life for the comforts of the city.
According to most Muslim scholars, the Ark of the Covenant has a religious basis in Islam, and Islam gives it special significance.
According to some scholars, he was more interested in spirituality than in critical text study, which was a specialty of many scholars at JTS.
According to several biblical scholars, Benjamin was also originally part of this single tribe, but the biblical account of Joseph as his father became lost.
According to F. W. Dobbs-Allsopp, " the widely observed unity of form and point of view ... and general resemblance in linguistic detail throughout the sequence are broadly suggestive of the work of a single author ," though other scholars see Lamentations as the work of multiple authors.
According to the editors of the 1897 Easton's Bible Dictionary, some scholars believe the name " Malachi " is not a proper noun but rather an abbreviation of " messenger of YHWH ".
According to these scholars, there was something they variously call " earliest Buddhism ", " original Buddhism " or " pre-canonical Buddhism ".
According to some scholars, the philosophical outlook of earliest Buddhism was primarily negative, in the sense that it focused on what doctrines to reject more than on what doctrines to accept.
According to some scholars, Howard's conception of Conan and the Hyborian Age may have originated in Thomas Bulfinch's The Outline of Mythology ( 1913 ) which inspired Howard to " coalesce into a coherent whole his literary aspirations and the strong physical, autobiographical elements underlying the creation of Conan.
According to scholars including Neil Forsyth and John L. McKenzie, the Old Testament incorporates stories, or fragments of stories, from extra-biblical mythology.
According to a number of scholars, the Christ story contains mythical themes such as descent to the underworld, the heroic monomyth, and the " dying god " ( see section below on " mythical themes and types ").
According to Lorena Laura Stookey, " many scholars " see a link between stories in " Irish-Celtic mythology " about journeys to the Otherworld in search of a cauldron of rejuvenation and medieval accounts of the quest for the Holy Grail.
According to non-Orthodox Jews and critical historians, Jewish law too has been affected by surrounding cultures ( for example, some scholars argue that the establishment of absolute monotheism in Judaism was a reaction against the dualism of Zoroastrianism that Jews encountered when living under Persian rule ; Jews rejected polygamy during the Middle Ages, influenced by their Christian neighbors ).
According to one pair of scholars, " The actual authorship of the three maxims set up on the Delphian temple may be left uncertain.
According to scholars Carole Kismaric and Marvi Heiferman, " The golden age of detective fiction began with high-class amateur detectives sniffing out murderers lurking in rose gardens, down country lanes, and in picturesque villages.
According to scholars, dhimmis had their rights fully protected in their communities, but as citizens in the Islamic state, had certain restrictions.
According to Western scholars the older sections of the Book of Enoch ( mainly in the Book of the Watchers ) date from about 300 BC and the latest part ( Book of Parables ) probably was composed at the end of 1st century BC.
According to his letters, he was associated with the Venetian natural philosopher, Giulio Camillo, but, apart from this, he had a less active association with Italian scholars than might have been expected.
According to pre-Meiji scholars, his reign spanned the years from 1348 through 1351.
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