According to economists Donald Deere ( Texas A & M ), Kevin Murphy ( University of Chicago ), and Finis Welch ( Texas A & M ), Card and Krueger's conclusions are contradicted by " common sense and past research ".

According to a 1978 article in the American Economic Review, 90 percent of the economists surveyed agreed that the minimum wage increases unemployment among low-skilled workers.

According to some economists, manufacturing is a wealth-producing sector of an economy, whereas a service sector tends to be wealth-consuming.

According to reports by the mayor and economists of the day who studied the experiment, the scrip was readily accepted by local merchants and the local population.

According to the United States Department of Labor, there were around 15, 000 non-academic economists in the United States in 2008, with a median salary of roughly $ 83, 000, and with the top ten percent earning more than $ 147, 040 annually.

According to some economists such as Jeffrey Sachs, however, the current divide between the developed and developing world is largely a phenomenon of the 20th century.

According to some economists, for example Hernando de Soto, this is a major barrier to development in those countries-entrepreneurs do not dare take risks and cannot get credit because they hold no collateral and may burden families for generations to come.

According to Texas Republican Congressman Dr. Ron Paul in his " A Tribute to the Late Harry Browne " which was read into the Congressional Record in 2006, " How You Can Profit From the Coming Devaluation is generally recognized as the founding document of the hard money movement, which combined the insights of the Austrian economists with a practical investment strategy.

According to economists such as Joseph Schumpeter and Nikolai Kondratieff the crash was merely a historical event in the continuing process known as economic cycles.

According to Neo-Classical economists the Labour theory of value could not explain fluctuating values for different kinds of labour, nor did it explain how found goods could be more valuable than extracted goods.

According to its website, the Club of Rome is composed of " scientists, economists, businessmen, international high civil servants, heads of state and former heads of state from all five continents who are convinced that the future of humankind is not determined once and for all and that each human being can contribute to the improvement of our societies.

According to Terry Peach, economists interpreting Ricardo as having a more flexible view of wages include Haney ( 1924 ), J. R. Hicks ( 1973 ), Frank Knight ( 1935 ), Ramsay ( 1836 ), George Stigler ( 1952 ), and Paul Samuelson ( 1979 ).

According to critical realist economists, the central aim of economic theory is to provide explanations in terms of hidden generative structures.

According to laissez-faire economists such as Friedrich von Hayek, massive waves of unemployment, as in economic recessions and depressions, can be traced back to state intervention in the market, which effectively blocks the natural balance in means of production achieved through Say's law.

According to Keynes, the implication of Say's " law " is that a free-market economy is always at what the Keynesian economists call full employment ; see also Walras ' law.

According to some economists, this paradox has since been explained as due to the fact that when a country produces " more than two goods, the abundance of capital relative to labor does not imply that the capital intensity of its exports should exceed that of imports.

According to Leontief, too many economists were reluctant to " get their hands dirty " by working with raw empirical facts.

According to the classical economists, lower interest rates would lead to increased investment spending and demand would remain constant.

" According to Keynesian economist, Paul Krugman, the work of Friedman and Schwartz became dominant among mainstream economists by the 1980s but should be reconsidered in light of Japan's Lost Decade of the 1990s.

According to the labour theory of value ( as used by the classical economists ), under capitalism, workers never keep all of the wealth they create, as some of it goes to the profit of capitalists.

According to mainstream economists, only the final purchase of goods and services by individuals constitutes consumption, while other types of expenditure — in particular, fixed investment, intermediate consumption, and government spending — are placed in separate categories.

According to Friedman, Stigler " essentially created a new area of study for economists.

According to a review by Martin Bronfenbrenner in The Journal of Political Economy, about half of the book was devoted to dialectical philosophy, " with a strong epistemological stress ", with the other half devoted to discussions of economic and general history, anthropology and sociology, and actual economics, including a surprisingly large helping of business administration – Bronfenbrenner noted that LaRouche seemed to have " more private-business experience than the great majority of academic economists ", including a familiarity with the way speculative overcapitalization, operating at the borders of white-collar crime, creates " fictitious capitals " that later do not match their actual earning power.

According to Ackoff " f-Laws are truths about organizations that we might wish to deny or ignore – simple and more reliable guides to managers ' everyday behavior than the complex truths proposed by scientists, economists, sociologists, politicians and philosophers ".

According to historical lore, Bunton ’ s smooth-talking wife, Mary Howell Bunton, convinced their captors that they were American citizens legally entering Texas under the colonization law granted by Mexico to Stephen F. Austin.

According to Howell, the reason the Roman populace all wear identical generic masks without mouths was to convey the idea that the Roman people were faceless and voiceless.

According to Barker and Howell, penile plethysmography ( PPG ) does not meet the legal threshold for the guilt phase for the following reasons:

" According to Car and Driver, current Cadillac product director John Howell has a picture of the Cimarron on his wall captioned, " Lest we forget.

According to his biographer Hélène Lee, Howell was born in an Anglican family.

According to its charter, Bell & Howell Company was incorporated on February 17, 1907.

According to an interview given by Hershey to James W. Howell in 1995, George Walker had been hired as the public face of Ford design.

According to Recollections and Anecdotes of Captain Rees Howell Gronow, Montrond originated the sayings falsely attributed to Talleyrand:

According to Diallo, the search was based on suspicions that Diallo might have weapons and mercenaries as part of a coup plot, but he said that the soldiers did not take anything from his home.

According to the prediction of villagers, Yaya Diallo could not stay in school for two years, “ he is not even good enough to be black, how can he succeed in the white man ’ s school ?”.

According to official figures, Armenia ’ s economy grew by 13. 8 percent in 2007.

According to the National Statistical Service, Armenia's booming construction sector generated about 20 percent of Armenia's GDP during the first eight months of 2007.

According to official data, in 2007, a record-high 500, 000 tourists visited Armenia — most of them ethnic Armenians from Europe, Russia and the United States.

According to the National Statistical Service, during the January – August 2007 period, Armenia's industrial sector was the single largest contributor to the country's GDP, but remained largely stagnant with industrial output increasing only by 1. 7 percent per year.

According to the state-owned Armenpress news agency, the average monthly wage in Armenia for the first half of 2007 was 70, 700 drams ( about $ 210 USD ).

According to the SEC, Aon ’ s subsidiaries made improper payments of over $ 3. 6 million to government officials and third party facilitators in Costa Rica, Egypt, Vietnam, Indonesia, the United Arab Emirates, Myanmar and Bangladesh, between 1983 and 2007, in order to obtain and retain insurance contracts.

According to Tom Roberts, author of Alex Raymond: His Life and Art ( 2007 ), Capp delivered a stirring speech that was instrumental in changing those rules.

According to the census of 2007, Barcelonnette has a population of 2766 ( municipal population ) or 2939 ( total ) across a total of 16. 42 km².

According to Grayson Lee, who created the snow penis sculpture in 2007, most of its residents were " heartbroken " to leave.

According to a 2007 estimate, the median income for a household in the city was $ 57, 189, and the median income for a family was $ 93, 297.

According to iSupply, production in units of CRTs was not surpassed by LCDs production until 4Q 2007, owing largely to CRT production at factories in China.

According to Freedom House, in 2007 there were 123 electoral democracies ( up from 40 in 1972 ).

According to the final page of the 2007 Propædia, the staff are organised into ten departments:

According to a 2007 assessment, Afghanistan has significant amounts of undiscovered non-fuel mineral resources.

According to a UN report in 2007, Afghanistan has received over $ 3. 3 billion from its expatriate community in 2006.

According to documents found in the possession of a descendant of the Manfredi family, Nadia Manfredi, in 2007, Puccini was actually having an affair with Giulia Manfredi, Doria's cousin.

According to Hypermedia Seduction for Terrorist Recruiting ( 2007 ), exploiting ICMP ping responses from broadcast addresses at multiple hosts sharing an Internet address, and forging the ping packet's return address to match a target machine's address, a single malformed packet sent to the " smurf amplifier " will be echoed to the target machine.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics ( 2007 ), the job outlook for industrial – organizational psychologists is promising.

According to Ethnologue, there were approximately 471, 000 Kipsigis speakers in 2007, with the number increasing.

According to one source, as a young teenager he worked as a cobbler ( Prendergast 2000, 52 2007

According to the canal's website, it is the busiest artificial waterway in the world ; over 43, 000 vessels passed through in 2007, excluding small craft.

According to a study in August 2007 by GfK, 61 % of German households have a Payback card.

According to the official Bulgarian sources, in the period between 2000 to 2006 some 30 000 Macedonian citizens applied for Bulgarian citizenship, attracted by the Bulgaria's recent positive development and the opportunity to get European Union passports after Bulgaria joined EU on the beginning of 2007.

According to a 2007 article in Commentary magazine, his " parents were moderately observant, but Friedman, after an intense burst of childhood piety, rejected religion altogether.

According to the Good Universities Guide to Australian universities, starting salaries for Macquarie graduates have been ranked as the highest in Australia for ten consecutive years ( 1998 – 2007 ) and in 2009, the university received 5 star ratings in six different performance categories including non-government earnings, staff qualifications and toughness of admissions.