According to the Babylonian Talmud, the difference between a concubine and a full wife was that the latter received a marriage contract ( Hebrew: ketubah ) and her marriage ( nissu ' in ) was preceded by a formal betrothal ( erusin ), neither being the case for a concubine.

According to as-Sayyid ash-Sharif al-Jurjani, the Hadith Qudsi differ from the Quran in that the former are " expressed in Muhammad's words ", whereas the latter are the " direct words of God ".

According to the latter usage, in 1978 the CPC Central Committee denounced as " ultra-left " the line of Mao Zedong from 1956 until his death in 1976.

According to the constitution, executive power is exercised by the government while legislative power is vested in the ministerial cabinet, the Senate and the National Assembly, although in reality these two latter bodies have very little power or legislative role.

According to some, Aquinas conflates the natural law and natural right, the latter of which Aristotle posits in Book V of the Nicomachean Ethics ( Book IV of the Eudemian Ethics ).

According to Pliny the Elder a vine, a fig and an olive tree grew in the middle of the Roman Forum, the latter was planted to provide shade ( the garden plot was recreated in the 20th century ).

" According to the latter, skepticism is treated as a problem to be solved, or challenge to be met, or threat to be parried ; skepticism's value on this view, insofar as it is deemed to have one, accrues from its role as a foil contrastively illuminating what is required for knowledge and justified belief.

According to the Helsinki Final Act of 1975, the UN, ICJ and international law experts, there is no contradiction between the principles of self-determination and territorial integrity, with the latter taking precedence.

According to this argument, since the two people disagree about their estimates after they have accepted the different hypotheses, accepting " All ravens are black " is not equivalent to accepting " All non-black things are non-ravens "; accepting the former means estimating more things to be black, while accepting the latter involves estimating more things to be non-ravens.

According to Roger of Wendover, William was present at Gisors in France in 1188 when Henry II of England and Philip II of France agreed to go on crusade: " Thereupon the king of the English first took the sign of the cross at the hands of the Archbishop of Rheims and William of Tyre, the latter of whom had been entrusted by our lord the pope with the office of legate in the affairs of the crusade in the western part of Europe.

According from the inscriptions on ancient milestones, the principal road through the island ran directly from Caralis ( Cagliari ) to Turris, a sufficient proof that the latter was a place much frequented.

According to other theories, the latter did instead found the city during the fourth century BC.

According to Haug's interpretation, the " twin spirits " of 30. 3 were Angra Mainyu and Spenta Mainyu, the former being literally the " Destructive Spirit " and the latter being the ' Bounteous Spirit ' ( of Mazda ).

According to the International Institute of Strategic Studies ' Military Balance 2010, the latter includes an Army of 12, 500, a Navy of 500 and a 500-strong Air Force, while the CIA Factbook describes the People's Armed Forces as consisting of the Intervention Force, Aeronaval Force ( navy and air ) and the Development Force.

According to the game, WW3 breaks out in the latter half of this year.

According to the director Kōichi Mashimo, he envisioned Noir and Madlax as part of a trilogy exploring the girls-with-guns genre, and soon after the release of the latter, he confirmed having plans to produce the third installment, which would later become El Cazador de la Bruja.

According to recent studies of DNA sequence data, most of the smaller " satellite genera " around the huge genus Euphorbia nest deep within the latter.

According to Sufism, it was at Thawr that Abu Bakr was blessed with divine secrets whose transmission from him to the latter generations formed the Naqshbandi path of Sufism.

According to this account, Telamon was the son of Actaeus and Glauce, with the latter being the daughter of Cychreus, king of Salamis ; and Telamon married Periboea, daughter of King Alcathous of Megara.

According to Homer, he was called Xanthos by gods and Scamander by men, which might indicate that the former name refers to the god and the latter one to the river itself.

According to the Arcadian tradition, he was either an autochthon, or a son of Zeus by Niobe ( and in the latter case brother of Argus ).

According to the story Whatever Happened to Scrooge McDuck ?, Rockerduck ( as well as Flintheart Glomgold ) was made bankrupt by Donald Duck, after the latter had inherited Scrooge's fortune and turned it into a charity company.

According to one story, found in the Iliad, he was accidentally killed in his old age by Heracles ' son Tlepolemus, when the latter was beating his servant with a stick and Licymnius ran in between ( or else Tlepolemus and Licymnius had a quarrel over a certain matter ).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of, of which is land and ( 84. 58 %) is water, the latter the Brisbane Lagoon.

According to this argument – which presupposes firstly the rectitude of the Two-Source Hypothesis ( widely held amongst current New Testament scholars ), in which the author of Luke is seen as having used the pre-existing gospel according to Mark plus a lost Q document to compose his gospel – if the author of Thomas did, as Saying 5 suggests – refer to a pre-existing gospel according to Luke, rather than Mark's vocabulary, then the gospel of Thomas must have been composed after both Mark and Luke ( the latter of which is dated to between 60 AD and 90 AD ).

According to the theory proposed, this is a consequence of the severe condition of perceived threat that persists unabated for the anxious child in an ambiguous sort of school environment.

According to the theory underlying odd-lot indices, the trader who trades odd lots is most likely a small trader, one who can't afford to trade round lots.

( Despite common belief, he did not take a day from February ; see the debunked theory on month lengths ) According to a Senatus consultum quoted by Macrobius, he chose this month because it was the time of several of his great triumphs, including the conquest of Egypt.

According to the theory, the human experience of moral obligations was the result of evolutionary pressures, which attached a sense of morality to human psychology because it was useful for moral development ; this entail that moral values do not exist independently of the human mind.

According to this new theory, the shorter Alexandrian text is closer to the original, and the longer Western text is the result of later insertion of additional material into the text.

According to the special theory of relativity, the aberration looks as a transform of the celestial sphere due to different frames of reference and is virtually a special case of velocity addition, namely one of the light beam and frames ' relative velocity v. The formula from relativistic aberration can be simplified to

According to the theory of aerodynamics, a flow is considered to be compressible if its change in density with respect to pressure is non-zero along a streamline.

According to bundle theory, an object consists of its properties and nothing more: thus neither can there be an object without properties nor can one even conceive of such an object ; for example, bundle theory claims that thinking of an apple compels one also to think of its color, its shape, the fact that it is a kind of fruit, its cells, its taste, or at least one other of its properties.

According to the Big Bang theory, the Universe was once in an extremely hot and dense state which expanded rapidly.

According to the Chronicles-Ezra-Nehemiah theory, it contains material set aside from the rest of the book of Ezra, which was canonized first.

According to this theory, the anonymous author attributed these events to Daniel, as prophecies that were witnessed by this writer in the 2nd century BCE.

According to this theory, the cycle of philosophical upheavals that in part drove the diversification of Buddhism into its many schools and sects only began once Buddhists began attempting to make explicit the implicit philosophy of the Buddha and the early suttas.

According to one theory, the term was loaned to Russian, where-in literary language-it first appeared in " Elysei ", a 1771 poem by V. Maikov.

According to Brønsted – Lowry acid-base theory, acids are substances that donate a positive hydrogen ion to another substance in a chemical reaction ; by extension, a base is the substance which receives that hydrogen ion.

According to this theory, the crucial things being exchanged are charges.

According to physicist Phil Anderson, the term was coined by himself and Volker Heine when they changed the name of their group at the Cavendish Laboratories, Cambridge from " Solid state theory " to " Theory of Condensed Matter ", as they felt it did not exclude their interests in the study of liquids, nuclear matter and so on.

According to some psychologists, a person who believes in one conspiracy theory tends to believe in others ; a person who does not believe in one conspiracy theory tends not to believe another.

According to this theory, depressed people acquire a negative schema of the world in childhood and adolescence as an effect of stressful life events, and the negative schema is activated later in life when the person encounters similar situations.

According to Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection, characteristics such as camouflage that help an animal to survive will tend to evolve in any population.

According to Charles Darwin's 1859 theory of natural selection, features such as camouflage evolved by providing individual animals with a reproductive advantage, enabling them to leave more offspring, on average, than other members of the same species.

According to this view, Hume is not arguing for a bundle theory, which is a form of reductionism, but rather for an eliminative view of the self.

According to dot-com theory, an Internet company's survival depended on expanding its customer base as rapidly as possible, even if it produced large annual losses.

According to theory, this may give a comparative advantage in production of goods that make more intensive use of the relatively more abundant, thus relatively cheaper, input.