According to the utilitarian, justice requires the maximization of the total or average welfare across all relevant individuals.

According to, this included " the colloquial prose of religious biographies, the archaic prose of magical charms, the conventional prose of utilitarian literature on medicine, astrology, arithmetic, dance and music, and above all the standardized prose of the Buranjis.

According to this theory, onion domes were strictly utilitarian, as they prevented snow from piling on the roof.

According to thinkers in the social contract tradition, justice is derived from the mutual agreement of everyone concerned ; or, in many versions, from what they would agree to under hypothetical conditions including equality and absence of bias.

According to the principal editor of the journal, Leonard Lewisohn: " Although a number of major Islamic poets easily rival the likes of Dante, Shakespeare and Milton in importance and output, they still enjoy only a marginal literary fame in the West because the works of Arabic and Persian thinkers, writers and poets are considered as negligible, frivolous, tawdry sideshows beside the grand narrative of the Western Canon.

According to these thinkers, the ancients worshipped natural phenomena such as fire and air, gradually coming to describe them as gods.

According to Anthony Giddens and others, the modern meaning of tradition can be seen as having evolved in the European discourse in the last two hundred years, during the Enlightenment period, as philosophers and thinkers counter posed the concept of modernity with the concept of tradition, in the context of progress.

According to Kreger Silverman, of the 30 % of the general population who use visual / spatial thinking, only a small percentage would use this style over and above all other forms of thinking, and can be said to be ' true ' picture thinkers like a certain Albert Einstein.

According to Carolina Armenteros, Maistre's writings influenced not only conservative political thinkers, but also the Utopian socialists.

According to Plutarch, their house became an intellectual centre in Athens, attracting the most prominent writers and thinkers, including the philosopher Socrates.

; According to Henry Corbin, the Nahj al-Balagha may be regarded as one of the most important sources of doctrines professed by Shia thinkers especially after 1500AD.

According to some thinkers both in the East and the West, the doctrine of " non-Self ", may imply that Buddhism is a form of nihilism or something similar.

According to Ryerson, and many other Marxist thinkers, the ability to breakthrough to a more open society will come about from the “ dispelling of the fog of false consciousness, gaining for ourselves a true recognition of the real nature of the existing social structure .”

According to Flanagan, “ The ‘ old mysterians ’ were dualists who thought that consciousness cannot be understood scientifically because it operates according to nonnatural principles and possesses nonnatural properties .” Apparently, some apply the terms to thinkers throughout history who suggested some aspect of consciousness may not be knowable or discoverable, including Gottfried Leibniz, Samuel Johnson, and Thomas Huxley.

According to Masao Abe, " During World War II right wing thinkers attacked him as antinationalistic for his appreciation of Western philosophy and logic.

According to some scholars ( mainly left wing thinkers ), the ' underground ' scene was by far richer in creativity, though lacking technical skills, some others think the " commercial " scene was more worthwhile, since the underground scene hardly reached more than a few hundred supporters per concert and mainly in the capital city of Lima, being virtually unknown for the rest of the country.

According to them, Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin " was among the three great thinkers who took turns to lead Dahomey ( now Benin ) from May 1970 to October 1972.

According to Viner, these economic thinkers were striving to come up with a theory that would explain the negative slopes of demand curves.

According to ( Lansdown, 2006 ) " Polygenism, the concept of different human species, was heretical and ' atheistic '; it was embraced only by the most isolated and heterodox thinkers ”.

According to Peter Gay, building on Ernst Cassirer's much earlier study of the intellectual progenitors of Kant, the Enlightenment was the creation of a small group of thinkers, his family of philosophes or ‘ party of humanity ’, whose coherent anti-Christian, ameliorist, and individualistic programme of reform developed from very specific cultural roots.

According to many scholars it only comprises a small number of monosyllabic lexical roots, including the personal pronouns and a few other deictic and auxiliary items.

( Despite common belief, he did not take a day from February ; see the debunked theory on month lengths ) According to a Senatus consultum quoted by Macrobius, he chose this month because it was the time of several of his great triumphs, including the conquest of Egypt.

According to the Suda, a 10th century encyclopedia, Alexis was the paternal uncle of the dramatist Menander and wrote 245 comedies, of which only fragments now survive, including some 130 preserved titles.

According to the Suda he wrote 245 comedies, of which only fragments including some 130 titles survive.

According to Strabo, this site was first called Sigeia ; around 306 BC Antigonus refounded the city as the much-expanded Antigonia Troas by settling the people of five other towns in Sigeia, including the once influential city of Neandria.

According to Tacitus, he amassed a force including his own Legio XIV Gemina, some vexillationes ( detachments ) of the XX Valeria Victrix, and any available auxiliaries.

According to Blair ( 1997 ) British Steel faced serious problems at the time of its formation, including obsolescent plants ; plants operating under capacity and thus at low efficiency ; outdated technology ; price controls that reduced marketing flexibility ; soaring coal and oil costs ; lack of capital investment funds ; and increasing competition on the world market.

According to Scott Gordon, a political organization is constitutional to the extent that it " contain institutionalized mechanisms of power control for the protection of the interests and liberties of the citizenry, including those that may be in the minority.

According to the Roman poet Ovid ( Fasti v. 379 ), the constellation honors the centaur Chiron, who was tutor to many of the earlier Greek heroes including Heracles ( Hercules ), Theseus, and Jason, the leader of the Argonauts.

According to this formulation, the state exists for the benefit of citizens and has an obligation to respect and protect the rights of citizens, including civil rights and political rights.

According to many of Descartes ' specialists, including Étienne Gilson, the goal of Descartes in establishing this first truth is to demonstrate the capacity of his criterion — the immediate clarity and distinctiveness of self-evident propositions — to establish true and justified propositions despite having adopted a method of generalized doubt.

According to Bernard McGinn, " mythic patterns " such as " the primordial struggle between good and evil " appear in passages throughout the Hebrew Bible, including passages that describe historical events.

According to scholars including Neil Forsyth and John L. McKenzie, the Old Testament incorporates stories, or fragments of stories, from extra-biblical mythology.

According to Eric Achakeng of the University of Adelaide, Globalization has raised some troubling concerns for the developing world, including

According to S. N. Goenka, a teacher of Vipassana meditation, the original meaning of dhamma is " dharayati iti dharmaH ", or " one that contains, supports or upholds " and dharma in the Buddhist scriptures has a variety of meanings, including " phenomenon " and " nature " or " characteristic ".

According to US President John Adams, Ponet's work contained " all the essential principles of liberty, which were afterward dilated on by Sidney and Locke ", including the idea of a three-branched government.

According to Biblia Sacra iuxta vulgatum versionem, there are Latin Vulgate manuscripts containing this epistle dating between the 6th and 12th century, including Latin manuscripts F ( Codex Fuldensis ), M, Q, B, D ( Ardmachanus ), C, and Lambda.

According to very scanty information from the Imperial archives, including sources such as Rikkokushi, and Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku, Emperor Yōzei murdered one of his retainers, an action that caused massive scandal in the Heian court.

According to the WHO, 100 – 140 million women and girls are living with FGM, including 92 million girls over the age of 10 in Africa.

According to contemporary accounts, Frederick had difficulties developing emotional closeness to other persons, including his children and wife Eleanor.

According to Jordanes's Getica, the Goths entered Oium, part of Scythia, under their 5th king, Filimer, where they subdued the Spali ( Sarmatians ), conquered the Kingdom of the Bosporus and captured several cities on the Euxinean coast, including Olbia and Tyras.

According to Aurelius Victor and Zonaras, on hearing the news of Gallienus ' death, the Senate at Rome ordered the execution of his family ( including his brother Valerianus and son Marinianus ) and their supporters, just before receiving a message from Claudius to spare their lives and deify his predecessor.

* Category 4: Civil firearms ; According to French law, a civil firearm is a semi automatic long gun with more of 2 rounds in magazine which don't use a military gauge, or a handgun ( pistol or revolver, including all magazine capacities ) which doesn't have a gauge used by the army.

According to Strauss, historicism " rejects political philosophy " and is rooted in the belief that " all human thought, including scientific thought, rests on premises which cannot be validated by human reason and which came from historical epoch to historical epoch.

According to a report by the International Organization of Securities Commissions, the most common tactic is the direct regulation of financial advisers — including hedge fund managers, which is primarily intended to protect investors against fraud.