Advocates such as Jane Jacobs argue that this enables an economically depressed region to pull itself up, by giving the people living there a medium of exchange that they can use to exchange services and locally produced goods ( In a broader sense, this is the original purpose of all money.

Advocates of central bank independence argue that a central bank which is too susceptible to political direction or pressure may encourage economic cycles (" boom and bust "), as politicians may be tempted to boost economic activity in advance of an election, to the detriment of the long-term health of the economy and the country.

Advocates of free-market socialism, such as Jaroslav Vanek, argue that genuine free markets are not possible under conditions of private ownership over productive property because the class differences and inequalities in income and power that ensue from this arrangement enable interests of the dominant class to skew the market to their favor, either in the form of monopoly and market power, or by utilizing their wealth and resources to pass government regulations and policies that benefit their specific business interests.

Advocates of Keynesian economics argue that private sector decisions sometimes lead to inefficient macroeconomic outcomes which require active policy responses by the public sector, particularly monetary policy actions by the central bank and fiscal policy actions by the government to stabilize output over the business cycle.

Advocates argue that design evolution should occur deterministically and strictly under human control, using the conventional engineering paradigm of modeling, design, prototyping, testing, analysis, and redesign.

Advocates of laissez-faire capitalism generally argue that permanent natural monopolies are merely theoretical.

Advocates of Condorcet methods argue that a candidate can claim to have majority support only if they are the " Condorcet winner " – that is, the candidate who would beat every other candidate in a series of one-on-one elections.

Advocates of school choice argue that this competition for students ( and the education dollars that come with them ) create a catalyst for schools to create innovative programs, become more responsive to parental demands, and to increase student achievement.

Advocates of Agile software development argue the waterfall model is a bad idea in practice — believing it impossible for any non-trivial project to finish a phase of a software product's lifecycle perfectly before moving to the next phases and learning from them.

Advocates argue that these hunters allow for anti-poaching activities and revenue for local communities.

Advocates of solar energy argue that widespread use of solar collection can mitigate overheating of urban environments by absorbing sunlight and putting it to work instead of heating the foreign surface objects.

Advocates of local currency, such as Jane Jacobs, argue that this enables an economically cool, yet depressed region to pull itself up by giving the people living there a medium of exchange they can use to exchange services and locally-produced goods.

Advocates of local currency in effect argue that, in certain circumstances, an entire country is not an optimum currency area, and that various regions should have different currencies.

Advocates of prototype-based programming often argue that class-based languages encourage a model of development that focuses first on the taxonomy and relationships between classes.

Advocates of laissez-faire capitalism, such as some economists of the Austrian School, argue that there is no such phenomenon as " market failures ".

Advocates of gender-neutral language argue that language is rich in alternatives that speakers and writers, sensitive to attitudes and beliefs of audiences, can use without impinging on the effectiveness of their communication.

Advocates of the current system argue that these electors could then choose a suitable replacement ( who would most likely come from the same party of the candidate who won the election ) more competently than could the general voting public.

Advocates of cumulative voting often argue that political and racial minorities deserve better representation.

Advocates argue that family farms in all nations need to be protected, as the basis of rural society and social stability.

Advocates of the former, the Normative Principle, argue that attributions of intentional idioms to physical systems should be the propositional attitudes that the physical system ought to have in those circumstances ( Dennett 1987, 342 ).

Advocates argue that any other type of sexual education would promote sex outside of marriage, which they hold to be immoral and risky.

Advocates of sound finance ( in the US known as fiscal conservatism ) reject Keynesianism and, in the strongest form, argue that government should always run a balanced budget ( and a surplus to pay down any outstanding debt ), and that deficit spending is always bad policy.

Advocates of social promotion argue that promotion is done in order to not harm the students ' or their classmates ' self-esteem, to encourage socialization by age ( together with their age cohort ), to facilitate student involvement in sports teams, or to promote a student who is weak in one subject on the basis of strength in the other areas.

Advocates of disability rights emphasise difference in physical or psychological functioning, rather than inferiority — for example, some people with autism argue for acceptance of neurodiversity, much as opponents of racism argue for acceptance of ethnic diversity.

Advocates have defined astrology as a symbolic language, an art form, a science, and a method of divination.

Advocates of inclusive language defend it as inoffensive-language usage whose goal is multi-fold:

Advocates of linguistic polygenesis do not accept the notion of a fully developed Proto-Human language and consider the world's language families independent developments of a proto-linguistic form of communication used by archaic Homo sapiens.

Advocates have been calling for Chinese language services to be available in the community centers to accommodate the growing number of Chinese residents in the area.

Advocates of the promotion of Low German have expressed considerable hope that this political development will at once lend legitimacy to their claim that Low German is a separate language and help mitigate the functional limits of the language that may still be cited as objective criteria for a mere dialect ( such as the virtually complete absence from legal and administrative contexts, schools, the media, etc.

* Advocates of non-sexist language including some feminists say that the English language perpetuates biases against women, such as using male-gendered terms such as " he " and " man " as generic.

Advocates of the language emphasize its speed, facility in handling arrays, and expressive syntax.

Advocates of an Aramaic original also refer to the patristic writings ( Papias, Irenaeus, Clement of Alexandria, Eusebius, Jerome ) that indicate Aramaic was the original written language of parts of the New Testament.

Advocates of the hunting hypothesis tend to believe that tool use and toolmaking essential to effective hunting were an extremely important part of human evolution, and trace the origin of language and religion to a hunting context.

Advocates of Pauline authorship also point out that the differences between Colossians and the rest of the New Testament is not as great as it is purported to be.

Advocates of phylogenetic nomenclature, a more nominalistic view, oppose this reading ; in their opinion, calling an animal a mammal is a shorthand way of saying that it is descended from the last common ancestor of, say, humans and platypuses.

Advocates respond that a preliminary research path leading to a diamondoid nanofactory is being developed.

Advocates respond that it is difficult to undertake a comprehensive design effort in the absence of significant funding for such efforts, and that despite this handicap much useful design-ahead has nevertheless been accomplished with new software tools that have been developed, e. g., at Nanorex.

Advocates assert that to achieve most of the vision of molecular manufacturing it is not necessary to be able to build " any structure that is compatible with natural law.

Goodall is the former president of Advocates for Animals, an organization based in Edinburgh, Scotland, that campaigns against the use of animals in medical research, zoos, farming and sport.

Advocates of " workplace diversity " advocate an employee base that is a mirror reflection of the make-up of society insofar as race, gender, sexual orientation etc.

Advocates may regard the term " racial quotas " as particularly divisive in that it is assumed to be backed by the force of law to enable or disable certain linked programs or benefits based solely upon attainment of the one quota measure.

Advocates of the " age old sport " often list cultural and religious relevance as reasons for perpetuation of cockfighting as a sport, but secular cockfighting is not to be confused with the religious, spiritual and sacred cockfight.

Advocates of Precision say that it is generally more efficient ( and precise, as the name would suggest ) than systems such as Standard American.

Advocates of natural childbirth and unassisted birth state that this intervention is often performed without medical necessity, with significant damage to the person giving birth.

Advocates of this theology postulate that the reason so many " gentiles " are converting to Messianic Judaism is that the vast majority of them are truly Israelites.

Advocates of social learning claim that one of the best ways to learn something is to teach it to others.

Leave to appeal is not a feature of the Scottish legal system and appeals proceeded when two Advocates certified the appeal as suitable.