After the collapse of the Sanhaja union, Awdagust passed over to the Ghana empire and the trans-Saharan routes were taken over by the Zenata Maghrawa of Sijilmassa.

* 1980 – After two weeks of nationwide strikes, the Polish government was forced to sign the Gdańsk Agreement, allowing for the creation of the trade union Solidarity.

After the dissolution of the Gran Colombia, Ecuador named Don Pedro Gual as plenipotentiary minister with the main task of resolving the debt acquired while part of the Gran Colombia union as well as to establish diplomatic relations with the New Granada and Venezuela.

After being appointed as mine manager at the age of 23, he led a major program of expansion for the Sons of Gwalia gold mine at Gwalia, Western Australia, and brought in many Italian immigrants to cut costs and counter the union militancy of the Australian miners.

After a brief war with Sweden the peace terms of the Convention of Moss recognized Norwegian independence, but forced Norway to accept a personal union with Sweden.

After the deaths of Jogaila and Vytautas, the Lithuanian nobility at times attempted to break the union between Poland and Lithuania, independently selecting Grand Dukes from the Jagiellon dynasty.

After occupation by Revolutionary France, the 1815 Treaty of Paris transformed Luxembourg into a Grand Duchy in personal union with the Netherlands.

After Dubcek assumed power, however, the scholar Eduard Goldstucker became the chairman of the union and thus editor-in-chief of the paper.

After representatives of the government met with leaders of the Jiu Valley coal miners union, thousands of miners were organized and arrived in Bucharest June 14.

After the dissolution, Serbia continued to be the legal successor of the union, while Montenegro re-applied for membership in international organizations.

After the federation was reconstituted as a state union, the new Assembly of the State Union was created.

* 1980 – After weeks of strikes at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk, Poland, the nationwide independent trade union Solidarity is established.

After the Union of Lublin in 1569, the Kingdom of Poland became, through personal union with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and thus the Sejm was supplemented with new envoys from among the Lithuanian nobility.

After 69 years as part of the Soviet Union ( including 67 years as a union republic ), Turkmenistan declared its independence on 27 October 1991.

After the dissolution of the Dano-Norwegian union in 1814, close academic ties between the countries were nevertheless maintained.

After divorcing Rissone in France in 1954, he married Mercader in 1959, again in Mexico, but this union was not considered valid under Italian law.

** After weeks of strikes at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk, Poland, the nationwide independent trade union Solidarity is established.

After the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act in 1946 by Congress, which called for the removal of Communist union leadership, the IWW experienced a loss of membership as differences of opinion occurred over how to respond to the challenge.

After almost seven years of childless union, the Duke of Wroclaw obtain the annulment of his marriage under the grounds of sterility, although this fact is disputed by modern historians.

After its last war in 1814, Sweden entered into a personal union with Norway which lasted until 1905.

The Swedish Crown Prince Charles XIV John of Sweden | Charles John ( Bernadotte ), who staunchly opposed Norwegian independence, only to offer generous terms of union After brief fighting, the peace established a personal union between the two states.

After the Government of Barbados officially exited from the Windward Island union in 1885, the seat was moved from Bridgetown to St. George's on the neighbouring island of Grenada, where it remained until the territory of the Windward Islands was dissolved.

After he became King of Poland, as a result of Union of Krewo, the newly formed Polish-Lithuanian union confronted the growing power of the Teutonic Knights.

After union, the Cape Province was permitted to keep a restricted version of its multi-racial qualified franchise, and thus became the only province where coloureds ( mixed-race people ) and Black Africans could vote.

After the dissolution of the Iberian Union in 1640, Portugal would reestablish its authority over the lost territories of the Portuguese Empire.

After the indecisive < ref name =" British historian Townsend Miller "> British historian Townsend Miller: “ But, if the outcome of < nowiki > battle of </ nowiki > Toro, militarily, is debatable, there is no doubt whatsoever as to its enormous psychological and political effects ” in The battle of Toro, 1476, in History Today, volume 14, 1964, p. 270 </ ref > Battle of Toro in 1476 against King Ferdinand II of Aragon, the husband of Isabella I of Castile, he went to France to obtain the assistance of Louis XI, but finding himself deceived by the French monarch, he returned to Portugal in 1477 in very low spirits.

After a ( similarly unsuccessful ) stint in Guangzhou, China, he eventually returned to Portugal and became the first European to publish a book on China in 1569 / 1570.

After the fall of Napoleon I and the Liberal revolution in Portugal, the Portuguese Royals returned to Europe ( 1820 ).

After achieving independence from Portugal in 1974, the Força Aérea de Guine-Bissau or FAGB was formed with former Portuguese Douglas C-47's, North American T-6s, two Dornier Do-27s and two Aloutte III's.

After this battle, the future king calls himself " Prince of Portugal ", the first step towards " official independence " that will be reached in 1139 after the Battle of Ourique.

After traditional land routes to India had been closed by the Ottoman Turks, Portugal hoped to use the sea route pioneered by Gama to break the Venetian trading monopoly.

After the Carnation Revolution in Lisbon on April 25, 1974, with the advent of independence and the start of the Angolan Civil War ( 1975 – 2002 ), most of the white Portuguese Luandans left as refugees, principally for Portugal, with many travelling overland to South Africa.

After crossing the Pyrenees in 409, a group of Marcomanni, Quadi and Buri, established themselves in the Roman province of Gallaecia ( modern Galicia and northern Portugal ), where they were considered foederati and founded the Suebi Kingdom of Gallaecia.

After securely establishing this position as his mistress, she divorced Otho and had the Emperor send him away as governor to the remote province of Lusitania ( which is now parts of both modern Portugal and Extremadura, Spain ).

After that time, the birth rate plunged through the 1980s and Spain's population became stalled, its demographics showing one of the lowest sub replacement fertility rates in the world, only second to Greece, Portugal, Hungary, Ukraine, and Japan.

After the disastrous invasion of Russia, a coalition of Austria, Prussia, Russia, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and a number of German States, and the rebels in Spain and Portugal united to battle France in the War of the Sixth Coalition.

After the Angolan War of Independence ( 1961 – 1974 ) which ended with an army mutiny and leftist coup in Lisbon, Angola's independence from Portugal was achieved on November 11, 1975 through the Alvor Agreement.

* After having failed in their endeavor the year before, the Almohads reconquer the city of Silves in Portugal.

After the Battle of São Mamede, the first capital of Portugal was Guimarães from which the first king ruled.

After the 16th century, Portugal gradually saw its wealth decreasing.

After the dissolution of the Iberian Union in 1640, Portugal would reestablish its authority over some lost territories of the Portuguese Empire.

After a referendum in 1999, East Timor voted for independence and Portugal recognized its independence in 2002.

After three years of war against Urraca and other rival claimants to the throne of León, Count Henry himself died in 1112, leaving his widow Theresa to govern Portugal north of the Mondego during the minority of her infant son Afonso: south of the Mondego the Moors were still supreme.

After the death of Edward, further attempts to curb the power of the nobles were made by his brother, D. Pedro, duke of Coimbra, who acted as regent during the minority of Afonso V of Portugal ( 1438 – 1447 ).

After the death of King Manuel I in late 1521, his son and successor, King John III of Portugal set about reviewing the Portuguese government overseas.

After all of the area of the present province had been recognized by other European powers as belonging to Portugal, pacification of the tribes of the interior was completed and the traditional holders of political power were subordinated to the Portuguese.

After traditional land routes to India had been closed by the Ottoman Turks, Portugal hoped to use the sea route pioneered by da Gama to break the Venetian trading monopoly.

After Portugal had succeeded in establishing sugar plantations ( engenhos ) in northern Brazil ca.