When the early humanist Benzo d ' Alessandria visited Verona before 1310, he noted the " Laberinthum which is now called the Arena "; perhaps he was seeing the cubiculi beneath the arena's missing floor.

Antonio Ghislieri was born at Bosco in the Duchy of Milan ( now Bosco Marengo in the province of Alessandria, Piedmont ), Italy.

When the northern Italian cities inflicted a defeat on Frederick at Alessandria in 1175, the European world was shocked that such a thing could happen.

During the wars led by Emperor Frederick II in northern Italy, the city chose his side: Asti was defeated by the Guelphs of Alessandria at Quattordio and Clamandrana, but thanks to Genoese help, it recovered easily.

A swift march on Piacenza drew the Austrian commander thither and in his absence the allies fell upon and completely defeated the Sardinians at Bassignano ( 27 September ), a victory which was quickly followed by the capture of Alessandria, Valenza and Casale Monferrato.

In 1746, after receiving reinforcements from Austria, he was able to recapture Alessandria and Asti.

The Battle of Marengo was fought on 14 June 1800 between French forces under Napoleon Bonaparte and Austrian forces near the city of Alessandria, in Piedmont, Italy.

Melas also committed a serious tactical blunder, detaching Generalmajor ( GM ) Nimptsch's brigade of 2, 300 hussars and two artillery batteries back over the Bormida bridge to block the corps of General Louis Gabriel Suchet, which was mistakenly reported around 9 am from Acqui Terme to be approaching Alessandria from the south.

It was repeated by Michele Marelli on 25 January 2002 in Alessandria ( Italy ) for the Jazz Association " L ' AX ".

In 1348 Alessandria fell into the hands of the Visconti and passed with their possessions to the Sforza, following the career of Milan, until 1707, when it was ceded to the House of Savoy and henceforth formed part of Piedmont.

From 1814 Alessandria was Savoyard territory once more, part of the Kingdom of Sardinia.

During the years of the Risorgimento, Alessandria was an active center of the liberals.

Alessandria was the first capital of an Italian province to be governed by a Socialist: the clockmaker Paolo Sacco was elected mayor on July 25, 1899.

Alessandria was a tactical military target during World War II and was subjected to intense Allied bombing, the most serious being the raids of April 30, 1944, with 238 dead and hundreds wounded, and April 5, 1945, with 160 deaths, among them 60 children from the children's asylum in Via Gagliaudo.

It was executed in Yugoslavia by the 14th Light Cavalry Regiment " Cavalleggeri di Alessandria " versus Communist partisans.

This was preceded, on the 10th of March, by the revolt of the garrison of Alessandria and the military revolution in Piedmont, which in its turn was suppressed, as a result of negotiations at Laibach, by Austrian troops.

Deschamps ' first game in charge of " Juve " was highly successful, since Juventus beat Alessandria 8 – 0 in a friendly.

Giovanni (" Gianni ") Rivera (; born 18 August 1943 in Alessandria ) is an Italian former football midfielder, mostly as an offensive playmaker, who was awarded the Ballon d ' Or, one of the most prestigious individual awards in football, in 1969.

Nicknamed the Golden Boy of Italian football, Rivera was the product of Alessandria's youth football academy and made his debut in Serie A for Alessandria against Internazionale on 2 June 1959 at the age of only fifteen years.

Born in Castelspina, province of Alessandria, he was ordained priest on April 12, 1941 and began his pastoral ministry in Rome.

Alessandria was founded by Milanese refugees, who fled after Frederick's forces burned and destroyed the city of Milan in 1162 and named after Pope Alexander III.

Alessandria stood in the territories of the marchese of Montferrat, a staunch ally of the Emperor, with a name assumed in 1168 to honor the Emperor's opponent, Pope Alexander III.

Pavia railway station, opened in 1862, forms part of the Milan – Pavia – Genoa railway, and is also a terminus of four secondary railways, linking Pavia with Alessandria, Cremona, Vercelli and Piacenza.

Victor Emmanuel II, by the Grace of God and the Will of the Nation, King of Italy, King of Sardinia, Cyprus, Jerusalem, Armenia, Duke of Savoy, Count of Maurienne, Marquis ( of the Holy Roman Empire ) in Italy ; Prince of Piedmont, Carignano, Oneglia, Poirino, Trino ; Prince and Perpetual vicar of the Holy Roman Empire ; Prince of Carmagnola, Montmellian with Arbin and Francin, Prince bailliff of the Duchy of Aosta, Prince of Chieri, Dronero, Crescentino, Riva di Chieri e Banna, Busca, Bene, Brà, Duke of Genoa, Monferrat, Aosta, Duke of Chablais, Genevois, Duke of Piacenza, Marquis of Saluzzo ( Saluces ), Ivrea, Susa, del Maro, Oristano, Cesana, Savona, Tarantasia, Borgomanero e Cureggio, Caselle, Rivoli, Pianezza, Govone, Salussola, Racconigi con Tegerone, Migliabruna e Motturone, Cavallermaggiore, Marene, Modane e Lanslebourg, Livorno Ferraris, Santhià Agliè, Centallo e Demonte, Desana, Ghemme, Vigone, Count of Barge, Villafranca, Ginevra, Nizza, Tenda, Romont, Asti, Alessandria, del Goceano, Novara, Tortona, Bobbio, Soissons, Sant ' Antioco, Pollenzo, Roccabruna, Tricerro, Bairo, Ozegna, delle Apertole, Baron of Vaud e del Faucigni, Lord of Vercelli, Pinerolo, della Lomellina, della Valle Sesia, del marchesato di Ceva, Overlord of Monaco, Roccabruna and 11 / 12th of Menton, Noble patrician of Venice, patrician of Ferrara.

* George Smith ( footballer born 1890 ), player with Ilford, Genoa, and Alessandria

Melas, trapped in Alessandria with his hopes of breaking through the east shattered, sent the same evening to Vienna a message in which he explained that the " charge of Kellermann had broken the soldiers and this sudden and terrible change of fortunes finished by smashing the courage of the troops.

Alessandria entered into jealous conflicts with the older communes of the region, in particular with Asti.

Alessandria is twinned with:

The siege of Alessandria was an important event in Frederick's fifth campaign as this was a campaign of revenge, with the aim of the total destruction of the Lombard League and the removal of the Pope Alexander III.

His front as applied to Alessandria, contains many elaborations of the bastion trace, with, in particular, masked flanks in the tenaille, which served as extra flanks of the bastions.

His estate was one of the largest in the areas of Alessandria and Acqui and he experimented with growing the North-American saagaban as a potato substitute crop .< ref > Saagaban is identified with apios tuberosa in the article ‘ Saagaban ’, in Heinrich August Pierer, Pierer's Universal-Lexikon der Vergangenheit und Gegenwart, 4th edn., 19 vols ( Altenburg: Verlagsbuchhandlung von H. A. Pierer, ( 1857 – 1865 ), ( 1862 ), p. 637 .</ ref >

The Province of Alessandria ( Italian: Provincia di Alessandria ) is an Italian province, with a population of some 430, 000, which forms the southeastern part of the region of Piedmont.

To the east it borders on the province of Alessandria, while in the south it shares a very short border with the Ligurian province of Savona.

Giulietto Chiesa (; born on 4 September 1940 in Acqui Terme, Province of Alessandria, Italy ) is an Italian communist journalist and politician, and was a Member of the European Parliament for North-West with the Independent-Di Pietro-Occhetto List Civil Society.

The provinces of Piedmont with the Asti producing provinces of Cuneo, Asti and Alessandria located in the south east.

The Monferrato Hills that extend from the Po southward towards the Apennines covers much of the vineyard area in the Asti and Alessandria area with the name Monferrato sometimes appearing on bottles of Asti.

The French court now began negotiations with Charles Emmanuel in the hope of detaching Piedmont from its alliance with Austria whilst at the same time Marshal Maillebois was pressing the siege of Alessandria.

It was begun around 1282 and begins with the founding of Alessandria.

The terms of the treaty required him to cede the fortresses of Cuneo, Ceva, Alessandria and Tortona to France, and allow free passage of the latter's armies towards Italy.

The Emperor, fearing that the siege would last too long, left Alessandria free.

VITTORIO AMEDEO III, per la grazia di Dio Re di Sardegna, Cipro, Gerusalemme e Armenia ; Duca di Savoia, Monferrato, Chablais, Aosta e Genevese ; Principe di Piemonte ed Oneglia ; Marchese in Italia, di Saluzzo, Susa, Ivrea, Ceva, Maro, Oristano, Sezana ; Conte di Moriana, Nizza, Tenda, Asti, Alessandria, Goceano ; Barone di Vaud e di Faucigny ; Signore di Vercelli, Pinerolo, Tarantasia, Lumellino, Val di Sesia ; Principe e Vicario perpetuo del Sacro Romano Impero in Italia.

* Ezio in Ezio by Felice Alessandri ( Milan, Alessandria, and Lucca, 1782 ; Florence, 1783 )

-Basso Monferrato ( low Montferrat ) or Casalese is characterized by its soft hills, to the exclusion of the Sacred Mount of Crea ( 455 m ) ( Unesco World Heritage ), never reach heights of over 400 meters ; territorially includes part of the province of Alessandria consisting of the countries that gravitate around Casale Monferrato.

The besieged were not the only ones who might fire siege equipment ; when Frederick I Barbarossa abandoned his siege of Alessandria in 1175, he burned his own camp and equipment.

To avert this misfortune an eloquent ambassador, Samuel Coen, was sent to the king at Alessandria ; but he was unsuccessful in his mission.

To date, apart from a temporary façade at the 1980 Venice Biennale, some minor alterations to private homes, and a bridge pavilion ( picture ) the only buildings designed by Krier to actually be built are a house in the resort village of Seaside, Florida, USA ( where he also advised on the masterplan ); the Jorge M. Perez Architecture Center on the campus of the University of Miami in Miami, Florida ; and the new Neighbourhood Center Città Nuova in Alessandria, Italy.

; Arrondissement of Alessandria

Of the diocese ’ s 278 parishes, most are in the Province of Genoa, Liguria ; the rest are in the Province of Alessandria, Piedmont.