Likewise King Alfred the Great ( 849 – 899 ), wanting to restore English culture, lamented the poor state of Latin education: Alfred the Great proposed that students be educated in Old English, and those who excelled would go on to learn Latin.

As Alfred observed in the preface to his English translation of Gregory the Great's Pastoral Care, kings who fail to obey their divine duty to promote learning can expect earthly punishments to befall their people.

To the flourishing state of learning thus introduced into England, and for a short time maintained, King Alfred appears to allude in the preface to his translation of Pope Gregory I's Liber Pastoralis Curae, in the latter part of the ninth century, where he says that it often came into his mind what wise men there were in the country, both laymen and ecclesiastics, in a former age ; how the clergy in those happy times were diligent both to teach and to study, and how foreigners then came hither to acquire learning and wisdom ; whereas now, in his own day, if any Englishman desired to make himself a scholar, he was obliged to go abroad for instruction.

Alfred meant his translation to be used and circulated it to all his bishops.

Unlike his translation of the Pastoral Care, Alfred here deals very freely with his original and though the late Dr. G. Schepss showed that many of the additions to the text are to be traced not to Alfred himself, but to the glosses and commentaries which he used, still there is much in the work which is solely Alfred's and highly characteristic of his style.

Although its function is unknown, it has been often suggested that the jewel was one of the æstels — pointers for reading — that Alfred ordered sent to every bishopric accompanying a copy of his translation of the Pastoral Care.

King Alfred's ( Alfred the Great ) translation of Orosius ' history of the world uses Angelcynn (- kin ) to describe England and the English people ; Bede used Angelfolc (- folk ); there are also such forms as Engel, Englan ( the people ), Englaland, and Englisc, all showing i-mutation.

Shippey says that Tolkien knew well the translation of Boethius that was made by King Alfred and he quotes some “ Boethian ” remarks from Frodo, Treebeard and Elrond.

** Michel Jules Alfred Bréal's translation of Bopp's Vergleichende Grammatik ( 1866 ) introduction

His travel accounts, as well as those of another trader, Ohthere, were included in Alfred the Great's translation of Orosius ' Histories.

Unlike the Induction and the main plot however, there is a recognised source for Shakespeare's sub-plot, first suggested by Alfred Tolman in 1890 ; Ludovico Ariosto's I Suppositi ( 1551 ), which Shakespeare used either directly or through George Gascoigne's English prose translation Supposes ( performed in 1566, printed in 1573 ).

An abridged, free translation, often wrongly attributed to King Alfred is still extant.

Asser assisted Alfred in his translation of Gregory the Great's Pastoral Care, and possibly with other works.

An important recent translation, with thorough notes on the scholarly problems and issues, is Alfred the Great: Asser's Life of King Alfred and Other Contemporary Sources by Simon Keynes and Michael Lapidge.

The strongest arguments for forgery are that a ) there is actually no new information in ' Asser ' that cannot be found in the surviving Anglo Saxon Chronicles, so that it is not contemporary with Alfred as it claims ; b ) that the Latin translation is simply lifted from the Chronicles ' narrative and interspersed with padding of no importance ; c ) that writing in Latin a contemporary narrative was anachronistic ; d ) that much of the alleged illness of Alfred in ' Asser ' is lifted from standard hagiographic conventions and similarly so are ' Asser's ' claims as to the educational development and attainments of Alfred ; and e ) that much of the dating in ' Asser ' uses the age of Alfred can be shown as incorrect and can be traced to the mis-datings in later rescensions of the Chronicles, so that ' Asser ' cannot have been a contemporary of Alfred.

In addition to the Life of King Alfred, Asser is credited by Alfred as one of several scholars who assisted with Alfred's translation of Gregory's Regula Pastoralis ( Pastoral Care ).

The historian William of Malmesbury, writing in the 12th century, believed that Asser also assisted Alfred with his translation of Boethius.

Available online as the translation of Alfred R. Allinson.

He has supplemented his critical work by a translation ( 1871, dedicated to Alfred Tennyson ) of the poems in the metres of the originals.

In 1984-1985, Alfred Schnittke composed Concerto for Mixed Chorus singing verses from Gregory's Book of Lamentations translated into Russian by Naum Grebnev, according to the Russian edition Kniga Skorbi, transl.

Remarkably, Alfred, undoubtedly with the advice and aid of his court scholars, translated four works himself: Gregory the Great's Pastoral Care, Boethius's Consolation of Philosophy, St. Augustine's Soliloquies, and the first fifty psalms of the Psalter.

It may be one of the " aestels " Alfred had sent to each bishopric with a copy of his translation of Pope Gregory the Great's book Pastoral Care.

It may have been one of the precious ' æstels ' or staffs that Alfred sent to each bishopric along with a copy of his translation of Pope Gregory the Great's book Pastoral Care.

* Child Care Today ( Alfred A. Knopf, 2009 )

Taubman has donated large sums to the University of Michigan, and many buildings there are named after him, including the A. Alfred Taubman Biomedical Science Research Building, the Taubman Health Sciences Library and Taubman Health Care Center.

Minor Demons, Kenny-Lead-Zony Award for Best Supporting Actor ; The Moonstone, Gooseberry ; Loveliest Afternoon of the Year, Man ; Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead, Alfred ; Taking Care, Myselt ; LA Connection, Improvisation.

Through his father, Alfred Nobel was a descendant of the Swedish scientist Olaus Rudbeck ( 1630 – 1702 ), and in his turn the boy was interested in engineering, particularly explosives, learning the basic principles from his father at a young age.

In the 880s, at the same time that he was " cajoling and threatening " his nobles to build and man the burhs, Alfred, perhaps inspired by the example of Charlemagne almost a century before, undertook an equally ambitious effort to revive learning.

Alfred undoubtedly exaggerated for dramatic effect the abysmal state of learning in England during his youth.

Believing that without Christian wisdom there can be neither prosperity nor success in war, Alfred aimed " to set to learning ( as long as they are not useful for some other employment ) all the free-born young men now in England who have the means to apply themselves to it.

When the Nazis came to power in Germany in 1933, Lorre took refuge first in Paris and then London, where he was noticed by Ivor Montagu, Alfred Hitchcock's associate producer for The Man Who Knew Too Much ( 1934 ), who reminded the director about Lorre's performance in M. They first considered him to play the assassin in the film, but wanted to use him in a larger role, despite his limited command of English, which Lorre overcame by learning much of his part phonetically.

Alfred held a high opinion of the value of learning and recruited men from around Britain and from continental Europe to establish a scholarly centre at his court.

McCall met with Alfred Dreyfus's great-granddaughter, Yael Ruiz, after learning of the part her ancestor played in the Dreyfus affair.

Although Alfred may not have personally made the translation, it probably was connected with the promotion of learning that Alfred fostered.

In 1956, Alfred's eldest son Paul Laubin joined the business, doing repair work and eventually learning every aspect of oboe-making before taking over the business when Alfred died in 1976.

My father would have done it if it hadn't been for my mother, who had a fear of being in debt to anyone -- even Alfred Alpert.

Alfred, who was a good deal older than Harry, had treated him like a son, and when Harry decided to stay in business with Lew instead of going with Alfred, Alfred looked on the decision as a betrayal.

The store was their marriage, and when Alfred had to leave it there was nothing to hold them together.

Tessie, everybody thought, was a strong woman, but she was only strong because she had Alfred to lean on.

One day Alfred told him that he had decided to leave everything to me.

Both Alfred Harcourt and Donald Brace had written him enthusiastic praise of Elmer Gantry ( any changes could be made in proof, which was already coming from the printer ) and they had ordered 140,000 copies -- the largest first printing of any book in history.

Though her personal contact with Alfred Nobel had been brief, she corresponded with him until his death in 1896, and it is believed that she was a major influence in his decision to include a peace prize among those prizes provided in his will.

Alfred successfully defended his kingdom against the Viking attempt at conquest, and by his death had become the dominant ruler in England.

However, his succession could not have been foreseen at the time, as Alfred had three living elder brothers.

This was in accordance with the agreement that Æthelred and Alfred had made earlier that year in an assembly at Swinbeorg.

They withdrew to Mercia, but, in January 878, made a sudden attack on Chippenham, a royal stronghold in which Alfred had been staying over Christmas, " and most of the people they killed, except the King Alfred, and he with a little band made his way by wood and swamp, and after Easter he made a fort at Athelney in the marshes of Somerset, and from that fort kept fighting against the foe ".

A popular legend, originating from 12th century chronicles, tells how when he first fled to the Somerset Levels, Alfred was given shelter by a peasant woman who, unaware of his identity, left him to watch some cakes she had left cooking on the fire.

The disposition of Essex, held by West Saxon kings since the days of Egbert, is unclear from the treaty, though, given Alfred ’ s political and military superiority, it would have been surprising if he had conceded any disputed territory to his new godson.

Alfred had been on his way to relieve his son at Thorney when he heard that the Northumbrian and East Anglian Danes were besieging Exeter and an unnamed stronghold on the North Devon shore.

Wessex's history of failures preceding his success in 878 emphasised to Alfred that the traditional system of battle he had inherited played to the Danes ' advantage.

Alfred analysed the defects of the military system that he had inherited and implemented changes to remedy them.

King Athelstan of Kent and Ealdorman Ealhhere had defeated a Viking fleet in 851, capturing nine ships, and Alfred himself had conducted naval actions in 882.

) Alfred had seapower in mind: if he could intercept raiding fleets before they landed, he could spare his kingdom from ravaging.

And, Offa is not known to have issued a law code, leading historian Patrick Wormald to speculate that Alfred had in mind the legatine capitulary of 786 that was presented to Offa by two papal legates.

The Danish attacks had been particularly damaging to the monasteries, and though Alfred founded monasteries at Athelney and Shaftesbury, the first new monastic houses in Wessex since the beginning of the eighth century, and enticed foreign monks to England, monasticism did not revive significantly during his reign.