Algeria had also won an Oscar for the movie Z, a political thriller directed by Costa Gavras.

Today Algeria contains, in its literary landscape, big names having not only marked the Algerian literature, but also the universal literary heritage in Arabic and French.

There are several UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Algeria including Al Qal ' a of Beni Hammad, the first capital of the Hammadid empire ; Tipasa, a Phoenician and later Roman town ; and Djémila and Timgad, both Roman ruins ; M ' Zab Valley, a limestone valley containing a large urbanized oasis ; also the Casbah of Algiers is an important citadel.

November 13, 354 – August 28, 430 ), also known as St. Augustine, St. Austin, or St. Augoustinos, was bishop of Hippo Regius ( present-day Annaba, Algeria ).

He also collected in Moldavia, Wallachia and in 1913 in Algeria.

It is also known as: taam ( طعام ) in Algeria and Morocco ; Kuseksi-in Tunisia, Libya and Kuskusi ( كسكسي ) in Egypt.

In Algeria and Morocco it is also served, sometimes at the end of a meal or just by itself, as a delicacy called " seffa ".

French citizens also migrated in large numbers, mainly to the colonies in the north African Maghreb region: 1. 3 million settled in Algeria ; 200, 000 in Morocco ; 100, 000 in Tunisia ; while only 20, 000 migrated to French Indochina.

came to represent aspects of the multiple political and cultural engagements of Guattari: the Group for Young Hispanics, the Franco-Chinese Friendships ( in the times of the popular communes ), the opposition activities with the wars in Algeria and Vietnam, the participation in the M. N. E. F., with the U. N. E. F., the policy of the offices of psychological academic aid ( B. A. P. U. ), the organisation of the University Working Groups ( G. T. U. ), but also the reorganizations of the training courses with the Centers of Training to the Methods of Education Activities ( C. E. M. E. A.

Hezbollah also denounced the massacres in Algeria by Armed Islamic Group, Al-Gama ’ a al-Islamiyya attacks on tourists in Egypt, and the murder of Nick Berg.

** Heads of government of Algeria ( see also: Prime Ministers of Algeria

There are also plans for a trans-Saharan road linking Mali with Algeria.

Only eight African countries are not geopolitically a part of Sub-Saharan Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, Western Sahara ( claimed by Morocco ), Sudan and South Sudan, they form the UN subregion of Northern Africa which also makes up the largest bloc of the Arab World.

The Arab states of Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Tunisia, Morocco and Algeria also contributed troops and arms.

Algeria contains many Roman remains besides those mentioned and is also rich in monuments of Saracenic art.

) The arrival of the Pieds-Noirs, refugees from Algeria after 1962 independence, also gave the city a boost and somewhat changed the make-up of its population and traditional views.

Aside from Ghana, it comprised also Algeria, Guinea, Morocco, Egypt, Mali and Libya.

* Streets were also named after him in Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia, in Budapest, Hungary ( between 1961 and 1990 ); Jakarta ( between 1945 to 1967 ); Belgrade, Serbia ; Sofia, Bulgaria ( until 1991-2 ) Skopje, Republic of Macedonia ; Bata and Malabo, Equatorial Guinea ; Tehran, Iran ; Algiers, Algeria ( Rue Patrice Lumumba ); Santiago de Cuba, Cuba ( since 1960, formerly Avenida de Bélgica ); Łódź, Warsaw, Poland ; Kiev, Ukraine ; Perm, Russia ; Rabat, Morocco ; Maputo, Mozambique ; Leipzig, Germany ; Lusaka, Zambia (" Lumumba Street "); Kampala, Uganda (" Lumumba Avenue "); Tunis, Tunisia ; Fort-de-France, Martinique ; Montpellier, France ; Accra, Ghana ; Antananarivo, Madagascar ; Rotterdam, Netherlands ; Alexandria, Egypt and Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.

He also travelled outside the bounds of Europe, heading to French-controlled Algeria in 1908 on doctor's orders as a treatment for asthma and the depression that crippled him after his submission failed to win the Ricordi Prize, a coveted award for composition.

Although Malta is situated in Europe, it is located farther south than African Tunis, capital of Tunisia, Algiers, capital of Algeria, Tangier in Morocco and also Aleppo in Syria, and Mosul in Iraq in the Middle East.

Algeria has fought only one brief war after independence ( the Sand War, a border conflict with Morocco in 1963 ), but the country is also, like most Arab nations, formally at war with the Israel since 1948.

Algeria can also be seen at the upper right.

The organization was also influenced by other movements, such as those for the independence of former colonies such as Algeria, Vietnam and Cuba.

Algeria has always been a source of inspiration for different painters who tried to immortalize the prodigious diversity of the sites it offers and the profusion of the facets that passes its population, which offers for Orientalists between the 19 < sup > th </ sup > century and the 20 < sup > th </ sup > century, a striking inspiration for a very rich artistic creation like Eugène Delacroix with his famous painting women of Algiers in their apartment or Etienne Dinet or other painters of world fame like Pablo Picasso with his painting women of Algiers, or painters issued from the Algiers school.

The development of the tourism sector in Algeria had previously been hampered by a lack of facilities, but since 2004 a broad tourism development strategy has been implemented resulting in many hotels of a high modern standard being built.

The Foreign Legion has remained an important part of the French Army, surviving three Republics, the Second French Empire, two World Wars, the rise and fall of mass conscript armies, the dismantling of the French colonial empire, and the loss of the Foreign Legion's base, Algeria.

In 2004 – 2006, two additional plants, one in Ras Laffan, Qatar, and the other in Skikda, Algeria, were built, but as of early 2007, Ras Laffan is functioning at 50 %, and Skikda has yet to start up.

Jordan has FTA's with the United States, Canada, Singapore, Malaysia, the European Union, Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Algeria, Turkey and Syria.

To its west, the area known as Tripolitania has characteristics and a history similar to those of nearby Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco.

The NTC has been in negotiations with Algeria and Niger, neighboring countries to which members of the government and defecting military commanders have fled, attempting to secure the arrest and extradition of Al-Saadi Gaddafi and others.

Libyan inclinations for full-scale political union, however, have obstructed formal political collaboration because Algeria has consistently backed away from such cooperation with its unpredictable neighbour.

Mali is one of four Saharan states which has created a Joint Military Staff Committee, to be based at Tamanrasset in southern Algeria.

In regards to Azawad's UDI, Algeria's Prime Minister has declared it would never " accept questioning Mali's territorial integrity " Algeria has planned to co-ordinate with MNLA to work towards freeing the hostages.

Morocco has been aligned with the United States during the Cold War, whereas Algeria kept a distance from the West, favouring the Soviet Union and later a non-aligned position.

The first has been since identified as the Wadi Ghir on the north western edge of the Tuat, along the borders of modern Morocco and Algeria.

Raï (), which is the Arabic word for " opinion ", is a form of folk music, originated in Oran, Algeria from Bedouin shepherds, mixed with Spanish, French, African and Arabic musical forms, which dates back to the 1930s and has been primarily evolved by women in the culture.

Raï has been forbidden music in Algeria, to the point of one popular singer being assassinated, although since the 1980s it has enjoyed some considerable success.

Wedged between Algeria and Libya, Tunisia has sought to maintain good relations with its neighbors despite occasionally strained relations.

Tunisia has supported the development of the Arab Maghreb Union ( UMA ), which includes Algeria, Morocco, Mauritania, Libya, and Tunisia.

The UNCCD has 194 country Parties: Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, the People's Republic of China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d ' Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, European Union, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, the Republic of Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russian Federation, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Thailand, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Despite Spanish having been used by the Sahrawi people for over a century due to Western Sahara's history as a former Spanish colony, the Cervantes Institute has denied support and Spanish-language education to Sahrawis in Western Sahara and the Sahrawi refugee camps in Algeria.

Algeria has supported the independence of Western Sahara diplomatically since 1975 because of its own national liberation war.

* Insurgency in the Maghreb ( 2002 – present ) – Algeria has been the subject of an Islamic insurgency since 2002 waged by the Sunni Islamic Jihadist militant group Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat ( GSPC ).

** Thousands riot in Algiers, Algeria against the National Liberation Front government ; by October 10 the army has killed and tortured about 500 people in crushing the riots.

Algeria is rich in prehistoric memorials of human occupation, especially in megalithic remains, of which nearly every known kind has been found in the country.