Although gold has an atomic number of 79, immediately after Rutherford's paper appeared in 1911 Antonius Van den Broek made the intuitive suggestion that atomic number is nuclear charge.

Although most early codices were made of papyrus, papyrus was fragile and supplies from Egypt, the only place where papyrus grew and was made into paper, became scanty ; the more durable parchment and vellum gained favor, despite the cost.

Although recognized previously by others, the mathematical expression for the Coriolis force appeared in an 1835 paper by French scientist Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis, in connection with the theory of water wheels, Early in the 20th century, the term Coriolis force began to be used in connection with meteorology.

Although superior to paper tape, DECtapes were relatively slow, and were supplanted as reliable disk drives became affordable.

Although silk was a somewhat expensive medium to paint upon in the past, the invention of paper during the 1st century AD by the Han court eunuch Cai Lun provided not only a cheap and widespread medium for writing, but also a cheap and widespread medium for painting ( making it more accessible to the public ).

Although greatly improved and with many variations, the Fourdriner machine is the predominant means of paper production today.

The 2006 Senate Report on Pre-war Intelligence on Iraq stated that " Although DIA coordinated on CIA's Iraqi Support for Terrorism paper, DIA analysis preceding that assessment was more skeptical of the al-Libi reporting.

Although today Sophus Lie is rightfully recognized as the creator of the theory of continuous groups, a major stride in the development of their structure theory, which was to have a profound influence on subsequent development of mathematics, was made by Wilhelm Killing, who in 1888 published the first paper in a series entitled

Although Maxwell did not explicitly mention the sea of molecular vortices, his derivation of Ampère's circuital law was carried over from the 1861 paper and he used a dynamical approach involving rotational motion within the electromagnetic field which he likened to the action of flywheels.

Although the present-day concepts of literacy have much to do with the 15th century invention of the movable type printing press, it was not until the Industrial Revolution of the mid-19th century that paper and books became financially affordable to all classes of industrialized society.

Although acid-free paper has become more common, a large body of acidic paper still exists in books made after the 1850s because of its cheaper and simpler production methods.

" Although originally written as a joke by editor Martyn Cornell, the paper ran it.

Although its uses had transferred to parchment, papyrus therefore just overlapped with the use of paper in Europe, which began in the 11th century.

Although Chebyshev's paper did not prove the Prime Number Theorem, his estimates for π ( x ) were strong enough for him to prove Bertrand's postulate that there exists a prime number between n and 2n for any integer n ≥ 2.

Although no model or workable device was ever made, it is often seen as a link to the concept of punched paper for player piano rolls ( 1880s ), as well as Herman Hollerith's punch card tabulator ( used in the 1890 United States census ), a distant precursor of the modern computer.

Although some of the basic workings of the theory were proposed and identified by Mayr in 1954, historians of science generally recognize the 1972 paper by Niles Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould as the foundational document of the new paleobiological research program.

Although I have much to write to you, I would rather not use paper and ink ; instead I hope to come to you and talk with you face to face, so that our joy may be complete.

Although the print version of the paper remains the largest local metropolitan newspaper in the United States, it is the third largest newspaper overall, behind The Wall Street Journal and USA Today, and its weekday circulation has fallen since 1990 ( as have other newspapers ) to fewer than one million copies daily.

Although its paper size is bigger, its style was copied from the British tabloids.

Although a typical plot might easily require a few thousand paper motions, back and forth, the paper doesn't slip.

Although the paper ran the editorial in the seventh place on the page, below even one on the newly invented " chainless bicycle ", its message was very moving to many people who read it.

Although it was dark as usual I could see that the hall had only recently contained a great many people.

Although New Orleans was not to learn of it for a spell, she also was a sadist, a nymphomaniac and unobtrusively mad -- the perpetrator of some of the worst crimes against humanity ever committed on American soil.

Although Faulkner was the heir in his own family to this tradition, he did not have Stark Young's inclination to romanticize and sentimentalize the planter society.

Although his tender nights were not the ones I dreamed of, nor was it for yachts, sports cars, tall drinks, and swimming pools, nor yet for money or what money buys that I burned, I too was burning and watching myself burn.

Although after much trouble he did manage to get it back, he discovered there was no trade to be had.

Although he did not attend any celebrated schools or universities, he was a master of Greek and Hebrew and could read the Bible in the original.

Although the fort was evacuated in the face of the force of Cornwallis, Morgan and his men did have a chance to take another swing at the redcoats.

Although because of the important achievements of nineteenth century scholars in the field of textual criticism the advance is not so striking as it was in the case of archaeology and place-names, the editorial principles laid down by Stevenson in his great edition of Asser and in his Crawford Charters were a distinct improvement upon those of his predecessors and remain unimproved upon today.

Although Mr. Brown was not himself its inventor ( it was a French idea ), it is typical that his intuition first conceived the importance of mass producing this basic tool for general use.

Although it was a mere fragment of the victim's remains, it was enough.

Although there were only four fluids tested, it was apparent that there were two distinct types.

Although the tape was run for over 1 hr., a steady state was not reached, and it was concluded that the reason for this was that the back pressure of the manometer was built up from the material fed from between the blocks and this was available at a very slow rate.

-- Although there was some variation in results which must be attributed either to trace impurities or to variation in wall effects, the photochemical exchange in the gas phase was sufficiently reproducible so that it seemed meaningful to compare the reaction rates in different series of reaction tubes for the purpose of obtaining information on the effect of chlorine concentration and of carbon tetrachloride concentration on the reaction rate.

Although the Taylor Scale was designed as a group testing device, in this study it was individually administered by psychologically trained workers who established rapport and assisted the children in reading the items.

Although economic and personal circumstances vary widely among those now choosing apartments, Leo J. Pantas, vice president of a hardware manufacturing company, pointed out recently that many apartment seekers seem to have one characteristic in common: a desire for greater convenience and freedom from the problems involved in maintaining a house.

Although Doubleday achieved minor fame as a competent combat general with experience in many important Civil War battles, he is more widely remembered as the supposed inventor of the game of baseball, in Elihu Phinney's cow pasture in Cooperstown, New York, in 1839.

Although this classification was widely accepted, further infrageneric classification was ( and still is ) needed to differentiate this widely diverse group.

Although this concept remains a guiding principle of the profession, it is a concept that has been widely critiqued within the conservation profession and is now considered by many to be " a fuzzy concept ".

Although this document was subsequently adopted by International Organization for Standardization ( ISO ) and subsequent revisions published by ISO have been adopted by ANSI, the name ANSI C ( rather than ISO C ) is still more widely used.

Although they were previously considered the sister group to the remaining crustaceans, it is now widely accepted that crustaceans form a paraphyletic group, and Branchiopoda are thought to be sister to a clade comprising Xenocarida ( Remipedia and Cephalocarida ) and Hexapoda ( insects and their relatives ).

Although BCD is not as widely used as in the past, decimal fixed-point and floating-point formats are still important and continue to be used in financial, commercial, and industrial computing, where subtle conversion and rounding errors that are inherent to floating point binary representations cannot be tolerated.

Although Bede did not invent this method, his adoption of it, and his promulgation of it in De Temporum Ratione, his work on chronology, is the main reason why it is now so widely used.

Although the Royal Navy is widely regarded as having been vital for the rise of the British Empire, and British dominance of the world, the British Army played an important role in the colonisation of India and other regions.

Although it is widely accepted that Descartes explained the problem cogently, few later philosophers have been happy with his solution, and his ideas about the pineal gland have especially been ridiculed.

Although CCDs are not the only technology to allow for light detection, CCD image sensors are widely used in professional, medical, and scientific applications where high-quality image data is required.

Although such programs are widely available and are sometimes seen as clever toys for the non-musician, some professional musicians have given them attention also.

Although widely used in naval warfare, and in anti-air guns, both the British and Americans feared unexploded proximity fuses would be reverse engineered leading to them limiting its use in continental battles.

Although many were initially wary of the concept, it was because people were able to witness the procedure's consistently positive results, within their own community of ordinary citizens, that it became widely utilized and supported.

Although the idea expressed in Cogito ergo sum is widely attributed to Descartes, he was not the first to mention it.

Although the concept of consilience in Whewell's sense was widely discussed by philosophers of science, the term was unfamiliar to the broader public until the end of the 20th century, when it was revived in Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge, a 1998 book by the humanist biologist Edward Osborne Wilson, as an attempt to bridge the culture gap between the sciences and the humanities that was the subject of C. P. Snow's The Two Cultures and the Scientific Revolution ( 1959 ).

Although these guidelines have been widely implemented, opponents argue that even when a diagnostic criteria set is accepted across different cultures, it does not necessarily indicate that the underlying constructs have any validity within those cultures ; even reliable application can only demonstrate consistency, not legitimacy.

Although Jones is especially remembered for his work on the phonetics and phonology of English, he ranged far more widely.

Although not widely employed for esterifications, salts of carboxylate anions can be alkylating agent with alkyl halides to give esters.

Although many of the descriptions in this book were written in an exaggerated manner or were plainly inventive fiction or 3rd-source misinterpretation, his notes are widely accepted as a useful guide to the cultural aspects and lifestyle of 17th-century Ottoman Empire.

Although political power during Suiko's reign is widely viewed as having been wielded by Prince Shōtoku and Soga no Umako, Suiko was far from powerless.

Although several designs ( such as the Convair flying car ) have flown, none have enjoyed commercial success, and those that have flown are not widely known about by the general public.

Although not widely fielded until World War I, early machine guns were being used by militaries in the second half of the 19th century.