Although MND refers to a specific subset of pathologically similar diseases ; there are numerous other afflictions of motor neurons that are pathologically distinct from MND and have a different clinical course.

Although a single EPSP was not enough to fire an action potential in the motor neuron, the sum of several EPSPs from multiple sensory neurons synapsing onto the motor neuron could cause the motor neuron to fire, thus contracting the quadriceps.

Although for the simplest reflexes there are short neural paths from sensory neuron to motor neuron, there are also other nearby neurons that participate in the circuit and modulate the response.

Although the exact mechanisms are not known, it is clear that dopamine and tonically active neurons play a key role here.

Although glial cells are not involved with the transmission of electrical signals, they communicate and provide important biochemical support to neurons.

Although this definition implies a series of identical temporal waveforms, it is more helpful to define the SSEP in terms of the frequency components that are an alternative description of the time-domain waveform, because different frequency components can have quite different properties For example, the properties of the high-frequency flicker SSEP ( whose peak amplitude is near 40 – 50 Hz ) correspond to the properties of the subsequently discovered magnocellular neurons in the retina of the macaque monkey, while the properties of the medium-frequency flicker SSEP ( whose amplitude peak is near 15 – 20 Hz ) correspond to the properties of parvocellular neurons.

Although many cetaceans have a great number of cortical neurons, after Homo sapiens, the species with the greatest number of cortical neurons and synapses is the elephant.

Although photoreceptors are neurons, they do not conduct action potentials with the exception of the photosensitive ganglion cell – which are involved mainly in the regulation of circadian rhythms, melatonin, and pupil dilation.

Although the book was published in 1984, shortly after deleterious effects of this compound were first described, it depicts quite accurately how MPTP destroys dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra.

Although there are innumerable different causes for different neurodegenerative illnesses, such as genetic dispositions or mutations, the normal aging process, parasitic and viral causes, or drug use, many can be traced back to dysfunctional signaling between the neurons themselves, often at the synapse.

Although these neurons may have different pathways and relationships to the central nervous system than mammalian nociceptors, nociceptive neurons in non-mammals often fire in response to similar stimuli as mammals, such as high temperature ( 40 degrees C or more ), low pH, capsaicin, and tissue damage.

Although the vast majority of neurons in the mammalian brain are formed prenatally, parts of the adult brain retain the ability to grow new neurons from neural stem cells in a process known as neurogenesis.

Although they are easy to wear, non-invasive implants produce poor signal resolution because the skull dampens signals, dispersing and blurring the electromagnetic waves created by the neurons.

Although the waves can still be detected it is more difficult to determine the area of the brain that created them or the actions of individual neurons.

Although the vast majority of neurons in the mammalian brain are formed prenatally, parts of the adult brain ( for example, the hippocampus ) retain the ability to grow new neurons from neural stem cells, a process known as neurogenesis.

Although the term contraction implies shortening, when referring to the muscular system, it means muscle fibers generating tension with the help of motor neurons ( the terms twitch tension, twitch force, and fiber contraction are also used )..

Although many in the scientific community have expressed excitement about the discovery of mirror neurons, there are scientists who have expressed doubts about both the existence and role of mirror neurons in humans.

Although the mechanism by which the APN alters an organism's response to painful stimuli is not fully known, research has shown that activity in the ventral APN triggers cholinergic and serotonergic neurons.

Although he questions the extent and nature of the alleged revival of religion and the alleged increase in conformity, and thinks that `` hedonistic '' present-time orientation does not have the meaning usually attributed to it, he does conclude that Americans increasingly enjoy leisure without guilt, do not stress achievement so much as formerly, are more accepting of group harmony as a goal, more tolerant of diversity and aware of other cultures.

Although the false glamour surrounding bourbon or other whisky commercials is possibly no more fatuous than the pseudo-sophistication with which TV soft-drinks are downed or toothpaste applied, there is a sad difference between enticing a viewer into sipping Oopsie-Cola and gulling him into downing bourbon.

Although the United States and the U.S.S.R. have been arguing whether there shall be four, five or six top assistants, the most important element in the situation is not the number of deputies but the manner in which these deputies are to do their work.

Although today's trucks are as fast as passenger cars, a truck driver has to be a sensible person and guard against hogging the road.

Although they are forbidden to sit with the customers, the dancers are sometimes proffered drinks, and most of them can bolt one down in mid-shimmy.

Although there are many sound reasons for adopting uniform and coordinated fiscal years in Rhode Island, there are also certain difficulties encountered.

Although the site may not contain the features themselves, there are often opportunities to include them as additional interest to the site.

Although the play does show a certain structural amateurishness ( there are eleven acts varying in length from twenty-five seconds to an hour and a half ), the statement it makes concerning the ceaseless yearning and searching of youth is profound and worthy of our attention.

Although there is no question but that the process of washing fabrics involves a number of phenomena which are related together in an extremely complicated way and that these phenomena and their interrelations are not well understood at the present, this section attempts to present briefly an up-to-date picture of the physical chemistry of washing either fabrics or hard surfaces.

Although the standard deviation values on which spread of the lines is based are relatively larger for those centers which begin to ossify early ( Table 1 ), there are considerable differences in this value between centers having the closely timed Onsets.

Although in both emotions sympathetic symptoms are present, different autonomic-somatic patterns underlie aggression and anxiety, respectively, as indicated by the rate of the excretion of the catecholamines, the state of the muscle tone, and the Mecholyl test.

Although we are still far from a complete understanding of these problems, as a first approximation, it is suggested that alterations in the hypothalamic balance with consequent changes in the hypothalamic-cortical discharges account for major changes in behavior seen in various moods and states of emotions in man and beast under physiological circumstances, in experimental and clinical neurosis, and as the result of psychopharmacological agents.

Although the inner functions of religion are not of direct significance in social organization, they have important indirect consequences.

Although the Brandywine population is still predominantly rural, `` there are indications of a consistent and a statistically significant trend away from the older and relatively isolated rural communities.

Although science has given us more effective materials, preparations from anise, castorbean, colchicum, nux vomica, mustard, fennel, and stramonium are familiar to many for the relief of human ailments.

Although the Administration's program cut crop acreage to the lowest point since 1934, farmers, with the help of extra fertilizer and good weather, are getting such high yields per acre that many are being forced to buy new harvesting machines.

Although progress has been made in America's system of libraries it still falls short of what is required if we are to maintain the standards that are needed for an informed America.

Although the theological forms of the past continue to exist in a way they do not in a more secularized situation, the striking thing is the rapidity with which they are being reduced to a marginal existence.

Although there are landscapes in the show ( one of the strongest is a vista of `` Gloucester Harbor '' in 1915 ), the human element was the compelling factor in Sloan's art.

Although one meets with occasional extremists like Zachrisson or, very recently, Arthur Wade-Evans the majority of scholars have taken a middle position between the extremes of scepticism and gullibility.

Although the tape was run for over 1 hr., a steady state was not reached, and it was concluded that the reason for this was that the back pressure of the manometer was built up from the material fed from between the blocks and this was available at a very slow rate.

Although blind students have benefited from talking calculators, the abacus is still very often taught to these students in early grades, both in public schools and state schools for the blind.

Although Agrippina was very influential, she kept a very low profile and stayed away from the imperial palace and the court of the emperor.

Although living in Misenum, she was still very popular, powerful and influential.

Although there is no cliff at the site where his body was found there is a very steep rocky embankment-which would have been fatal in the dark.

Although he described his method as translating " sometimes word for word, sometimes sense for sense ," Alfred's translation actually keeps very close to his original, although through his choice of language he blurred throughout the distinction between spiritual and secular authority.

Although Acorn were able to shrink substantially the same functionality as the BBC into just one chip, manufacturing problems meant that very few machines were available for the Christmas period — to the extent that some shops reported eight presales for every delivered machine.

Although cheap and effective in enabling use of some software that only used official ROM entry points for text output, this solution proved very slow because the Electron had to be placed into an 80-byte-pitch display to be able to get anywhere near to reproducing mode 7 and the CPU spent a lot of time drawing approximations of mode 7 characters and graphics that in a hardware solution would be achieved without any CPU processing.

Although filmed in color, instead of black and white as the earlier 1930 film adaptation was, the wasted and desolated landscapes and environment are very effectively conveyed.

Although observations of some aerodynamic effects such as wind resistance ( e. g. drag ) were recorded by Aristotle, Leonardo da Vinci and Galileo Galilei, very little effort was made to develop a rigorous quantitative theory of air flow prior to the 17th century.

Although very small amounts of berkelium were possibly produced in previous nuclear experiments, it was first intentionally synthesized, isolated and identified in December 1949 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Albert Ghiorso and Stanley G. Thompson.

Although the butterfly effect may appear to be an esoteric and unlikely behavior, it is exhibited by very simple systems: for example, a ball placed at the crest of a hill may roll into any of several valleys depending on, among other things, slight differences in initial position.

Although no confirmation exists that these two ships were controlled by Teach and Bonnet, author Angus Konstam believes it very likely they were.

Although Chaplin still had plans for future film projects, he was by now very frail.

Although traditionally such cladograms were generated largely on the basis of morphological characters and originally calculated by hand, genetic sequencing data and computational phylogenetics are now very commonly used in phylogenetic analysis.

Although some rain comes during the latter season, rainfall is sparse overall and very erratic.

Although dream sleep and non-dream sleep appear very similar to an outside observer, each is associated with a distinct pattern of brain activity, metabolic activity, and eye movement ; each is also associated with a distinct pattern of experience and cognition.

Although the nation's rail network links seven of the country's 10 major cities, very little of it has been used regularly because of security concerns, lack of maintenance, and the power of the road transport union.

Although a recognition of sainthood by the Pope does not directly concern a fact of divine revelation, it must still be " definitively held " by the faithful as infallible under ( at the very least ) the Universal Magisterium of the Church since it is a truth connected to revelation by historical necessity.

Although previous big-name pitchers, including Bill Swift, Bret Saberhagen, and Darryl Kile, had struggled in Colorado, following the 2000 season O ' Dowd made two very splashy signings in the free-agent market, signing Denny Neagle to a five-year contract worth $ 51 million, followed five days later by signing Mike Hampton to an eight-year, $ 121 million contract.

Although WMAP provided very accurate measurements of the great angular-scale fluctuations in the CMB ( structures about as broad in the sky as the moon ), it did not have the angular resolution to measure the smaller scale fluctuations which had been observed by former ground-based interferometers.

Although Kent is described in the show introduction as " mild-mannered ", he can be very assertive, often giving orders to people and taking authoritative command of situations, though, as in the Pre-Crisis Superman stories at that time, Clark is still considered the secret identity.

Although Christians generally believe their religion to be very inclusive ( since not only Jews but all gentiles can be Christian ), Jews see Christianity as highly exclusive, because some denominations view non-Christians ( such as Jews and Pagans ) as having an incomplete or imperfect relationship with God, and therefore excluded from grace, salvation, heaven, or eternal life.