Although gold has an atomic number of 79, immediately after Rutherford's paper appeared in 1911 Antonius Van den Broek made the intuitive suggestion that atomic number is nuclear charge.

Although his paper was widely cited, a random selection of 60 of these citations revealed that 29 of the papers were direct rebuttals or criticisms of Jensen's arguments, 8 cited the paper as an " example of controversy ," 8 used it as a background reference.

Although most early codices were made of papyrus, papyrus was fragile and supplies from Egypt, the only place where papyrus grew and was made into paper, became scanty ; the more durable parchment and vellum gained favor, despite the cost.

Although recognized previously by others, the mathematical expression for the Coriolis force appeared in an 1835 paper by French scientist Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis, in connection with the theory of water wheels, Early in the 20th century, the term Coriolis force began to be used in connection with meteorology.

Although superior to paper tape, DECtapes were relatively slow, and were supplanted as reliable disk drives became affordable.

Although silk was a somewhat expensive medium to paint upon in the past, the invention of paper during the 1st century AD by the Han court eunuch Cai Lun provided not only a cheap and widespread medium for writing, but also a cheap and widespread medium for painting ( making it more accessible to the public ).

Although greatly improved and with many variations, the Fourdriner machine is the predominant means of paper production today.

The 2006 Senate Report on Pre-war Intelligence on Iraq stated that " Although DIA coordinated on CIA's Iraqi Support for Terrorism paper, DIA analysis preceding that assessment was more skeptical of the al-Libi reporting.

Although today Sophus Lie is rightfully recognized as the creator of the theory of continuous groups, a major stride in the development of their structure theory, which was to have a profound influence on subsequent development of mathematics, was made by Wilhelm Killing, who in 1888 published the first paper in a series entitled

Although Maxwell did not explicitly mention the sea of molecular vortices, his derivation of Ampère's circuital law was carried over from the 1861 paper and he used a dynamical approach involving rotational motion within the electromagnetic field which he likened to the action of flywheels.

Although the present-day concepts of literacy have much to do with the 15th century invention of the movable type printing press, it was not until the Industrial Revolution of the mid-19th century that paper and books became financially affordable to all classes of industrialized society.

Although acid-free paper has become more common, a large body of acidic paper still exists in books made after the 1850s because of its cheaper and simpler production methods.

" Although originally written as a joke by editor Martyn Cornell, the paper ran it.

Although its uses had transferred to parchment, papyrus therefore just overlapped with the use of paper in Europe, which began in the 11th century.

Although Chebyshev's paper did not prove the Prime Number Theorem, his estimates for π ( x ) were strong enough for him to prove Bertrand's postulate that there exists a prime number between n and 2n for any integer n ≥ 2.

Although no model or workable device was ever made, it is often seen as a link to the concept of punched paper for player piano rolls ( 1880s ), as well as Herman Hollerith's punch card tabulator ( used in the 1890 United States census ), a distant precursor of the modern computer.

Although some of the basic workings of the theory were proposed and identified by Mayr in 1954, historians of science generally recognize the 1972 paper by Niles Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould as the foundational document of the new paleobiological research program.

Although I have much to write to you, I would rather not use paper and ink ; instead I hope to come to you and talk with you face to face, so that our joy may be complete.

Although the print version of the paper remains the largest local metropolitan newspaper in the United States, it is the third largest newspaper overall, behind The Wall Street Journal and USA Today, and its weekday circulation has fallen since 1990 ( as have other newspapers ) to fewer than one million copies daily.

Although its paper size is bigger, its style was copied from the British tabloids.

Although a typical plot might easily require a few thousand paper motions, back and forth, the paper doesn't slip.

Although the paper ran the editorial in the seventh place on the page, below even one on the newly invented " chainless bicycle ", its message was very moving to many people who read it.

Although I had been inside it I had not yet seen it functioning.

Although it was dark as usual I could see that the hall had only recently contained a great many people.

Although after much trouble he did manage to get it back, he discovered there was no trade to be had.

Although it had seemed a good reason, to begin with: no couple could afford to have children.

Although the monarch had frequently asserted that the elections were to be without party significance, his action was an implicit admission that party identifications were a factor.

Although wanted by the sheriff for killing an old man named Asher Jones, the warrant for his arrest had never been served.

Although the first polyether foams on the market had to be produced by the two-step prepolymer method, today, thanks to new catalysts, they can be produced by a one-shot technique.

Although the particular form of conceptualization which popular imagination had made in response to the experience of spirit was undoubtedly defective, the raw experience itself which led to such excesses remains with us as vividly as ever.

Although quiet when they brought her in, she'd suddenly turned violent and had to be knocked out.

Although not much desiring the account, he had been appointed advertising head of Zenith.

Although this was the first time that Helva had seen unshelled people, she took this experience calmly.

Although Lincoln won only a plurality of the popular vote, his victory in the electoral college was decisive: Lincoln had 180 and his opponents added together had only 123.

Although Crete had contacts with Mari from 2000 BC, there is no evidence that the ecstatic prophetic art existed during the Minoan and Mycenean ages.

Although he had demonstrated no previous interest in film as a profession, Kurosawa submitted the required essay, which asked applicants to discuss the fundamental deficiencies of Japanese films and find ways to overcome them.

Although it had at first been somewhat established in many colonies, in 1861 it was ruled that, except where specifically established, the Church of England had just the same legal position as any other church.

Although popular from her first appearance in 1930, Jane Marple had to wait thirty-two years for her first big-screen appearance.

Although England decisively won the Ashes 4 – 1, Bodyline caused such a furore in Australia that diplomats had to intervene to prevent serious harm to Anglo-Australian relations, and the MCC eventually changed the Laws of cricket to curtail the number of leg side fielders.

Although he was committed to maintaining what the church had defined at Nicaea, Constantine was also bent on pacifying the situation and eventually became more lenient toward those condemned and exiled at the council.

Although much of the church hierarchy in the East had opposed the Nicene creed in the decades leading up to Theodosius ' accession, he managed to achieve unity on the basis of the Nicene creed.

Although Romans who had been adopted into a new family usually retained their old nomen in cognomen form ( e. g. Octavianus for one who had been an Octavius, Aemilianus for one who had been an Aemilius, etc.