Although his paternal great-grandfather had been a priest in the Russian Orthodox Church, and his pious mother did have him baptised, he was an atheist in later life.

Although myths and speculation about a Terra Australis (" Southern Land ") date back to antiquity, the first confirmed sighting of the continent of Antarctica is commonly accepted to have occurred in 1820 by the Russian expedition of Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev on Vostok and Mirny.

Although earlier precursors to this presentation exist, its invention is generally credited to Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869, who intended the table to illustrate recurring trends in the properties of the elements.

Although all three languages share a common ancestor, Proto-Indo-European, English and German also share a more recent common ancestor, Proto-Germanic, while Russian does not.

Although the Finns had accepted the liberating manifesto ( from the period of 1908-1916 ) of March 1917 issued by the Russian Provisional Government, they planned at least an expansion of the former autonomy.

Although some 60, 000 to 80, 000 Russian soldiers of the former Tsar's army remained stationed in Finland at the start of the Civil War, the Russian contribution to the Red Guards ' cause was to prove negligible.

Although the Soviet government denied these charges as recently as 1987, in recent years the Russian government has acknowledged the practice.

Although there still were battles such as Maloyaroslavets the Napoleonic army left Russia in late 1812 annihilated, most of all by the Russian winter, exhaustion, and scorched earth warfare.

Although a Russian army defeated the Golden Horde at Kulikovo in 1380, Mongol domination of the Russian-inhabited territories, along with demands of tribute from Russian princes, continued until about 1480.

Although it was intended to attract writers from both France and the German states, the Deutsch-Französische Jahrbücher was dominated by the latter, with the only non-German writer being the exiled Russian anarcho-communist Michael Bakunin.

Although Trotsky stated in his autobiography My Life that he was never perfectly fluent in any language but Russian and Ukrainian, Raymond Molinier wrote that Trotsky spoke fluent French.

Although most felt the Russian Revolution was working class in character, they believed that, since capitalist relations still existed ( because the workers had no say in running the economy ), the Soviet Union ended up as a state capitalist country, with the state replacing the individual capitalist.

Although these spontaneously created popular forces had participated in several major wars of the Russian Empire, including in combat, they were not obligated to serve for more than one year, and notably departed for home during the 1813 campaign in Germany.

Although Bukharin had not challenged Stalin since 1929, his former supporters, including Martemyan Ryutin, drafted and clandestinely circulated an anti-Stalin platform, which called Stalin the “ evil genius of the Russian Revolution ”.

Although European navigators visited the islands and explored their coastlines thereafter, little was known of the inhabitants by Europeans until the 1870s, when Russian anthropologist Nicholai Miklukho-Maklai made a number of expeditions to New Guinea, spending several years living among native tribes, and described their way of life in a comprehensive treatise.

Although precursors to this table exist, its invention is generally credited to Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869.

Although early Pan-Slavism had found interest among some Poles, it soon lost its appeal as the movement became dominated by Russia, and while Russian Pan-Slavists spoke of liberation of other Slavs through Russian actions, parts of Poland had been ruled by the Russian Empire since the Partitions of Poland.

Although not instantly received into the group, Diaghilev was aided by Benois in developing his knowledge of Russian and Western art.

Although most council communists felt the Russian Revolution was working class in character, they believed that the Soviet Union was a state capitalist country, with the state replacing the individual capitalists ( an additional argument in favour of that was the continued existence of capitalist relations, as manifested e. g. in the New Economic Policy ).

Although he published mostly in Russian which was not understood by most Western European chemists, the 1870 article in which he first stated his rule was written in German.

Although the western Emperor Gratian held orthodox belief in the Nicene creed, the younger Valentinian II, who became his colleague in the Empire, adhered to the Arian creed.

Although most dialects of English used in the former British Empire outside of North America and Australasia are, to various extents, based on British English, most of the countries concerned have developed their own unique dialects, particularly with respect to pronunciation, idioms and vocabulary.

Although no military coups occurred during the 67 years of the Brazilian Empire, the Republican period experienced 4 military coup d ' états in the 75 years between 1889 and 1964.

Although the Royal Navy is widely regarded as having been vital for the rise of the British Empire, and British dominance of the world, the British Army played an important role in the colonisation of India and other regions.

Although Constantinople was retaken by Michael VIII, the Empire had lost many of its key economic resources, and struggled to survive.

Although most of them disappeared in a shipwreck near La Havana, approximately 70 copies reached Lima, from where they were sent to Cuzco in the heart of the defunct Inca Empire.

Although the word has a pejorative meaning nowadays, it was once a legitimate title of office in the Byzantine Empire.

Although opinions differ as to his character there is no dispute over his great achievements: he helped to save the Habsburg Empire from French conquest ; he broke the westward thrust of the Ottomans, liberating central Europe after a century and a half of Turkish occupation ; and he was one of the great patrons of the arts whose building legacy can still be seen in Vienna today.

Although many of the descriptions in this book were written in an exaggerated manner or were plainly inventive fiction or 3rd-source misinterpretation, his notes are widely accepted as a useful guide to the cultural aspects and lifestyle of 17th-century Ottoman Empire.

Although some found initial refuge in Italy ( especially Venice ), most resettled in the Ottoman Empire, where Spanish speaking Jews established in Istanbul a rich sub-culture with a flourishing Hebrew and Ladino printing industry.

Although some procedures and institutions had been fixed, for example by the Golden Bull of 1356, the rules of how the king, the electors, and the other dukes should cooperate in the Empire much depended on the personality of the respective king.

Although the Coalition was joined by other allies, the French Empire was also not alone since it now had a complex network of allies and submitted states.

Although the salt and gold trade continued to be important to the Mali Empire, agriculture and pastoralism was also critical.

Although traditional Judaism had adopted some features of Kabbalah, it adapted them to fit its own system: it added to its own ritualism the asceticism of the " practical kabbalists " just across the eastern borders in the ancient Greek and Anatolian Jewish communities under the Ottoman Empire, who saw the essence of earthly existence only in fasting, in penance, and in spiritual sadness.

Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles originally planned on a main hall of the Hagia Sophia that measured 230 feet by 250 feet, making it the largest church in Constantinople, but the original dome was nearly 20 feet lower than it was constructed, “ Justinian suppressed these riots and took the opportunity of marking his victory by erecting in 532-7 the new Hagia Sophia, one of the largest, most lavish, and most expensive buildings of all time .” Although Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles were not formally educated in architecture, they were scientists that could organize the logistics of drawing thousands of laborers and unprecedented loads of rare raw materials from around the Roman Empire to create the Hagia Sophia for Emperor Justinian I.

Although the new treaty called for ten more years of trade between the U. S. and the British Empire, and gave American merchants certain guarantees that would have been good for business, Jefferson refused to give up the potential weapon of commercial warfare against Britain and was unhappy that it did not end the hated British practice of impressment of American sailors.

Although some believe that the word ' louvre ' may refer to the structure's status as the largest in late 12th century Paris ( from the French L ' Œuvre, masterpiece ) – or to its location in a forest ( from the French rouvre, oak ) – one finds in the authoritative Larousse that it derives from an association with wolf hunting den ( via Latin: lupus, lower Empire: lupara ).

Although outnumbered, the Holy League famously defeated the Ottoman Empire, which had threatened to overrun Europe, at the Battle of Lepanto.

Although Gregory stated that he was willing to give up his allegiance to the Eastern Empire and place himself under the protection of the Franks, Charles made no promise to assist.

Although the Crusades were, in part, originally intended to support the Byzantine Empire at Constantinople from attack by Turkish invaders, the Fourth Crusade resulted in the sack of Constantinople by the Crusaders in 1204, which greatly upset Pope Innocent.

Although Byzantium lost much of the grandeur of Roman culture and extravagance in the process of surviving, the Empire emphasized efficiency in its war manuals.

Although Siam ’ s participation militarily was minimal, the result was the revision or complete cancellation of unequal treaties with the United States, France and the British Empire.