"' The Utmost Amount of Effective Accommodation ': Andrew Carnegie and the Reform of the American Library.

The adoption of the radical Pittsburgh Platform in 1885, which dismissed observance of the ritual commandments and Jewish peoplehood as " anachronistic ", created a permanent wedge between the Reform movement and more traditional American Jews.

A popular sweeping Land Reform Act, as well as American foreign aid during the 1950s, laid the foundation for Taiwan's economic success, becoming one of the Four Asian Tigers.

" The 1976 Centenary Platform of the Central Conference of American Rabbis, an organization of Reform rabbis agrees that " Judaism emphasizes action rather than creed as the primary expression of a religious live.

" On August 13, 2002 American Catholic bishops issued a joint statement with leaders of Reform and Conservative Judaism, called " Reflections on Covenant and Mission ", which affirmed that Christians should not target Jews for conversion.

Officially North American Reform Judaism celebrates two days of Rosh Hashanah, but a significant number of Reform congregations and members celebrate only one day.

Reform Judaism is one of the two North American denominations affiliated with the World Union for Progressive Judaism.

Official bodies of the Reform Movement in North America include the Union for Reform Judaism, the Central Conference of American Rabbis, and Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion.

Along with other forms of non-orthodox Judaism, the North American Reform,

Although North American Reform, UK Reform, UK Liberal Judaism and Israeli Progressive Judaism all share an intellectual heritage, they have taken places at different ends of the non-orthodox spectrum.

The North American Reform movement and UK Liberal Judaism reflect a more radical end.

The UK Reform, and Progressive Israeli movements, along with the North American Conservative movement and

It made its greatest stride in becoming the fourth movement in North American Judaism ( Orthodox, Conservative and Reform being the other three ) with the founding of the Reconstructionist Rabbinical College in 1968.

The 1983 resolution of the American Reform movement has had a mixed reception in Reform Jewish communities outside of the United States.

" The Gender of Reform Politics: Theodore Roosevelt and the Culture of Masculinity ," Journal of American History, Vol.

American Government: American Government: Roots and Reform ( 11th ed.

This faction walked out of the national convention and eventually formed their own group, the American Reform Party.

* American Unitarian Reform

Reports that the Constitution Party discussed a merger between several third parties such as the Reform Party, Independent American Party, American Independent Party, and the America First Party have been refuted by other accounts of the events.

The differences between the more modern and traditional branches of American Judaism came to a head in 1883, at the " Trefa Banquet " at the Highland House entertainment pavilion, which was at the top of the Mount Adams Incline – where shellfish and other non-kosher dishes were served at the celebration of the first graduating class of Hebrew Union College in Cincinnati.

Conservative Judaism enjoyed rapid growth in the first half of the 20th century, becoming the largest American Jewish denomination.

Conservative Judaism occupied an enviable middle position during a period where American society prized consensus.

After a substantial gift from Los Angeles philanthropist Ruth Ziegler, a new rabbinical school was formed at the American Jewish University ( then University of Judaism ) in Bel Air, California.

The movement is supported by the Masorti Foundation for Conservative Judaism in Israel, an American organization that provides funding to Masorti programs, which are disadvantaged by the Israeli government's practice of funding only Orthodox institutions.

The United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism maintains the Solomon Schecter Day Schools, comprising 76 day schools in 19 American states and two Canadian provinces serving Jewish children.

* Conservative Judaism: An American Religious Movement.

American theologian Edgar Goodspeed notes, " But the writer's Judaism is not actual and objective, but literary and academic, manifestly gained from the reading of the Septuagint Greek version of the Jewish scriptures, and his polished Greek style would be a strange vehicle for a message to Aramaic-speaking Jews or Christians of Jewish blood.

The Initial Declaration was signed by 143 respected leaders from all of the world's major faiths, including Baha ' i Faith, Brahmanism, Brahma Kumaris, Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Indigenous, Interfaith, Islam, Jainism, Judaism, Native American, Neo-Pagan, Sikhism, Taoism, Theosophist, Unitarian Universalist and Zoroastrian.

The HarperCollins Concise Guide to World Religion: The A-to-Z Encyclopedia of All the Major Religious Traditions ( 1999 ) covers 33 principal religions, including Buddhism, Christianity, Jainism, Judaism, Islam, Shinto, Shamanism, Taoism, South American religions, Baltic and Slavic religions, Confucianism, and the religions of Africa and Oceania.

Rabbi Harold Samuel Kushner is a prominent American rabbi aligned with the progressive wing of Conservative Judaism, and a popular author.

Other examples of syncretism include Judeo-Paganists, a loosely organized set of Jews who incorporate pagan or Wiccan beliefs with some Jewish religious practices, like Messianic Judaism ; Jewish Buddhists, another loosely organized group that incorporates elements of Asian spirituality in their faith ; and some Renewal Jews who borrow freely and openly from Buddhism, Sufism, Native American religion, and other faiths.

On the other hand, the Ziegler School of Rabbinic Studies of the University of Judaism ( now the American Jewish University ) in Los Angeles had previously stated that it will immediately begin admitting gay and lesbian students as soon as the law committee passes a policy that sanctions gay ordination.

The term is also used in the United States as part of American civil religion since the 1940s to refer to standards of religious ethics said to be held in common by Judaism and Christianity, for example the Ten Commandments or Great Commandment.

" The rise of Christian Zionism — that is, religiously motivated Christian interest and support for the state of Israel — along with a growth of philo-Semitism ( love of the Jewish people ) has increased interest among American Evangelicals in Judaism, especially areas of commonality with their own beliefs, see also Jerusalem in Christianity.

In the 1930s, " In the face of worldwide antisemitic efforts to stigmatize and destroy Judaism, influential Christians and Jews in America labored to uphold it, pushing Judaism from the margins of American religious life towards its very center.

Jacob Neusner ( born July 28, 1932 ) is an American academic scholar of Judaism who lives in Rhinebeck, New York.

* Jewish American Heritage Month – celebration of Judaism in the United States.

In 1947, with the participation of Rabbi Simon Greenberg his efforts toward that end culminated in the establishment of the American Jewish University, then known as the University of Judaism.

The Secretary of War gave his assent after studying the history of the draft in the American Civil War as well as the British volunteer system in World War 1.

To the newspapers he talked about his unquiet life, about his wish to be a newspaperman once more, about the prevalence of American slang in British speech, about the loquacity of the English and the impossibility of finding quiet in a railway carriage, about his plans to wander for two years `` unless stopped and made to write another book ''.

It was not a part of any one of the three ( later four ) zones for occupation by Soviet, American, British, and French troops respectively.

The British and Canadian Liaison Officers, as well as Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization, the American Red Cross, and similar interested organizations were informed from time to time as training aids were developed.

In an earlier case, Kingan & Co. v. United States, an American corporation was formed for the purpose of acquiring the stock of a British corporation in exchange for its own stock and then liquidating the British corporation.

The anti-assignment statute was held not to prevent the American corporation from suing for a refund of taxes paid by the British corporation.

Some, like the British and the French, maintain an elaborate system of personal contacts and have experts constantly studying special areas of the American scene.

The trial will be held, probably the first week of March, in the famous Old Bailey central criminal court where Klaus Fuchs, the naturalized British German born scientist who succeeded in giving American and British atomic bomb secrets to Russia and thereby changed world history during the 1950s, was sentenced to 14 years in prison.

The magistrate tonight refused to return to the five $29,000 in American and British currency, mostly $20 bills, and in British government bonds and stocks.

`` Much of the navy's future depends upon her '', an American naval announcement said on the Skipjack's first arrival in British waters in August, 1959, for exhibition to selected high officers at Portland underwater research station.

administrative organization and delicate diplomatic relations with Top Brass -- British, American and Chinese ; ;

And in the role of Will Danaher, Philip Bosco roars and sneers sufficiently to intimidate not only one American but the whole British army, if he chose.

Later in the 1960s and 1970s, Edmund Leach and his students Mary Douglas and Nur Yalman, among others, introduced French structuralism in the style of Lévi-Strauss ; while British anthropology has continued to emphasize social organization and economics over purely symbolic or literary topics, differences among British, French, and American sociocultural anthropologies have diminished with increasing dialogue and borrowing of both theory and methods.

In other countries ( and in some, particularly smaller, British and North American universities ), anthropologists have also found themselves institutionally linked with scholars of folklore, museum studies, human geography, sociology, social relations, ethnic studies, cultural studies, and social work.

Anthropology in France has a less clear genealogy than the British and American traditions, in part because many French writers influential in anthropology have been trained or held faculty positions in sociology, philosophy, or other fields rather than in anthropology.

Along with the enormous influence that his theory of structuralism exerted across multiple disciplines, Lévi-Strauss established ties with American and British anthropologists.

Before WWII British ' social anthropology ' and American ' cultural anthropology ' were still distinct traditions.

After the war, enough British and American anthropologists borrowed ideas and methodological approaches from one another that some began to speak of them collectively as ' sociocultural ' anthropology.

* Albert Austin ( 1881 – 1953 ), British / American actor

An appellate court, commonly called an appeals court or court of appeals ( American English ) or appeal court ( British English ), is any court of law that is empowered to hear an appeal of a trial court or other lower tribunal.

Much like the relationship between British English and American English, the Austrian and German varieties differ in minor respects ( e. g., spelling, word usage and grammar ) but are recognizably equivalent and largely mutually intelligible.